Abstract：
Background:Despite the large number of studies on ginseng, pharmacological activities of ginseng seed oil (GSO) have not been established. GSO is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, mostly oleic and linoleic acids. Unsaturated fatty acids are known to exert a therapeutic effect in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we investigated the protective effect and underlying mechanisms of GSO against NAFLD using in vitro and in vivo models. Methods:In vitro lipid accumulation was induced by free fatty acid mixture in HepG2 cells and by 3 wk of high fat diet (HFD)-feeding in Sprague-Dawley rats prior to hepatocyte isolation. The effects of GSO against diet-induced hepatic steatosis were further examined in C57BL/6J mice fed a HFD for 12 wk. Results:Oil Red O staining and intracellular triglyceride levels showed marked accumulation of lipid droplets in both HepG2 cells and rat hepatocytes, and these were attenuated by GSO treatment. In HFD-fed mice, GSO improved HFD-induced dyslipidemia and hepatic insulin resistance. Increased hepatic lipid contents were observed in HFD-fed mice and it was lowered in GSO (500 mg/kg)-treated mice by 26.4% which was evident in histological analysis. Pathway analysis of hepatic global gene expression indicated that GSO increased the expression of genes associated with β-oxidation (Ppara, Ppargc1a, Sirt1, and Cpt1a) and decreased the expression of lipogenic genes (Srebf1 and Mlxipl), and these were confirmed with reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase-chain reaction. Conclusion:These findings suggest that GSO has a beneficial effect on NAFLD through the suppression of lipogenesis and stimulation of fatty acid degradation pathway.
journal_name
J Ginseng Resjournal_title
Journal of ginseng researchauthors
Kim GW,Jo HK,Chung SHdoi
10.1016/j.jgr.2017.04.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-10-01 00:00:00pages
419-428issue
4eissn
1226-8453issn
2093-4947pii
S1226-8453(16)30333-5journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract：Background:Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) is a characterized component in red ginseng widely used in Korea and China. GRh2 exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, its effects on Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection have not been clarifi...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2019.06.002
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1), the major active constituent of ginseng, improves insulin sensitivity and exerts antidiabetic effects. We tested whether the insulin-sensitizing and antidiabetic effects of G-Rb1 results from a reduction in ectopic fat accumulation, mediated by inhibition of lipolysis in adipocytes. ...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2014.11.004
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study compared the contents of ginsenosides depending on steaming conditions of red ginsengs to provide basic information for developing functional foods using red ginsengs. The red ginseng steamed eight times at 98℃ ranked atop the amounts of prosapogenins ever detected in red ginsengs (ginsenoside Rg2, Rg3, Rg5...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5142/jgr.2012.36.1.102
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The current typical drying methods for red ginseng are sun drying and hot-air drying. The purpose of this study was to investigate drying characteristics of red ginseng by using far-infrared drying. METHODS:The far-infrared drying tests on red ginseng were conducted at two drying stages: (1) high temperatur...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2015.04.001
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our results suggested that thermal stress can lead to activation of hippocampal cell damage and reduction of memory-associated molecules in HT22 cells. These findings also provide a part of molecular rationale for the role of ginsenoside Rg5 as a potent cognitive impairment preventive compound in blocking the initiati...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2017.02.002
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Depression is a common neuropsychiatric disease that shows astrocyte pathology. Ginsenoside Rf (G-Rf) is a saponin found in Panax ginseng which has been used to treat neuropsychiatric diseases. We aimed to investigate antidepressant properties of G-Rf when introduced into the L-alpha-aminoadipic acid (L-AAA)...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2019.08.005
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Radiotherapy is one of the most important modalities in cancer treatment; however, normal tissue damage is a serious concern. Drug development for the protection or reduction of normal tissue damage is therefore a clinical issue. Herein, we evaluated the protective properties of Panax ginseng Meyer and its c...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2016.02.006
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To investigate the effect of pectinase-treated Panax ginseng (GINST) in cellular and male subfertility animal models. METHODS:Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced mouse spermatocyte GC-2spd cells were used as an in vitro model. Cell viability was measured using MTT assay. For the in vivo study, GINST (200 mg/kg...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2015.08.005
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Recently, we identified a novel ginseng-derived lysophosphatidic acid receptor ligand, called gintonin. We showed that gintonin induces [Ca2+]i transient-mediated morphological changes, proliferation, and migration in cells expressing lysophosphatidic acid receptors and that oral administration of gintonin e...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2016.12.007
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Panax ginseng has been used as Korean medicine for various diseases. It has antioxidant, hypotensive, sedative, analgesic, and endocrine activities. Dammarane-type triterpenes from the plant have various beneficial effects. METHODS:A dammarane-type triterpene saponin was isolated from P. ginseng root throug...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2016.10.002
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) has been shown to have anti-aging effects in animal and clinical studies. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ginseng exerts these effects remain unknown. Here, the anti-aging effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) in rat testes was examined by system biology analysis. KRG water extrac...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5142/jgr.2011.35.3.272
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we have investigated the effects of total saponin from Korean red ginseng (TSKRG) on thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. TSKRG dose-dependently inhibited thrombin-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 value of about 81.1 μg/mL. In addition, TSKRG dose-dependently decreased thrombin-elevated the leve...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5142/jgr.2013.37.176
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) are the two most recognized ginseng botanicals. It is believed that the ginseng saponins called ginsenosides are the major active constituents in both ginsengs. Although American ginseng is not as extensively studied as Asian ginseng, it is on...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5142/jgr.2010.34.3.160
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An light-emitting diode (LED)-based light source was used as a monochromatic light source to determine the responses of raw ginseng roots (Panax ginseng Meyer) to specific emission spectra with respect to the production of ginsenosides. The ginsenoside content in the ginseng roots changed in response to the LED light ...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5142/jgr.2012.36.2.198
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Ginsenosides are known as the principal pharmacological active constituents in Panax medicinal plants such as Asian ginseng, American ginseng, and Notoginseng. Some ginsenosides, especially the 20(R) isomers, are found in trace amounts in natural sources and are difficult to chemically synthesize. The presen...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2017.09.005
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, photosynthetic parameters such as the net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, and transpiration rate were examined in selected ginseng varieties and/or lines that are resistant (Yunpoong, HTIR 1, HTIR 2, and HTIR 3) and susceptible (Chunpoong) to high temperature ...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5142/jgr.2012.36.4.461
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Panax ginseng is regarded as one of the best compounds for promoting health, and it has been used traditionally as a medicinal herb. Recently, Korean Red Ginseng (RG) has been shown to protect skin from aging and wrinkling; it can also relieve atopic dermatitis and allergy symptoms. This study aimed to evalu...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2017.12.006
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing, with metastasis of newly diagnosed CRC reported in a large proportion of patients. However, the effect of Korean Red Ginseng extracts (KRGE) on epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CRC is unknown. Therefore, we examined the mechanisms by which ...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2017.03.008
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:The mixed-cultivation of different Panax ginseng cultivars can cause adverse effects on stability of yield and quality. K-1 is a superior cultivar with good root shape and stronger disease resistance. DNA markers mined from functional genes are clearly desirable for K-1, as they may associate with major trai...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2018.07.001
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Identifying suitable site for growing mountain-cultivated ginseng is a concern for ginseng producers. This study was conducted to evaluate the soil properties of cultivation sites for mountain-cultivated ginseng in Hamyang-gun, which is one of the most well-known areas for mountain-cultivated ginseng in Kore...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2014.06.004
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:The antioxidant effects of Panax ginseng have been reported in several articles; however, little is known about the antimelanogenesis effect, skin-protective effect, and cellular mechanism of Panax ginseng, especially of P. ginseng calyx. To understand how an ethanol extract of P. ginseng berry calyx (Pg-C-E...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2018.02.007
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ginseng has been used as an herbal medicine, widely used in Asian countries, for long time. Recently, beneficial effects for immune functions of Korean red ginseng (KRG) have been reported in adults. This study was performed to investigate the effects of ginseng on immune functions in children after cessation of chemo...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5142/jgr.2012.36.4.383
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Panax ginseng is a traditional herb used for medicinal purposes in eastern Asia. P. ginseng contains various ginsenosides with pharmacological effects. In this study, floralginsenoside A (FGA), ginsenoside Rd (GRD), and ginsenoside Re (GRE) were purified from P. ginseng berry. METHODS:Chemical structures of...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2017.03.005
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Longevity in medicine can be defined as a long life without mental or physical deficits. This can be prevented by Alzheimer's disease (AD). Current conventional AD treatments only alleviate the symptoms without reversing AD progression. Recent studies demonstrated that Panax ginseng extract improves AD symptoms in pat...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2017.12.008
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Identification of the origins of Panax ginseng has been issued in Korea scientifically and economically. We describe a metabolomics approach used for discrimination and prediction of ginseng roots from different origins in Korea. The fresh ginseng roots from six ginseng cooperative associations (Gangwon, Gaeseong, Pun...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5142/jgr.2013.37.341
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Korean red ginseng has been shown to possess a variety of biological activities. However, little is known about antiviral activity of ginsenosides of Korean red ginseng. Here, we investigated the protective effect by oral administration of various ginsenosides on the lethal infection of haemagglutinating virus of Japa...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5142/jgr.2013.37.80
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ginseng is one of the most widely used herbal medicines and is reported to have a wide range of therapeutic and pharmacological applications. Ginseng may also be potentially valuable in treating cardiovascular diseases. Research concerning cardiovascular disease is focusing on purified individual ginsenoside constitue...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5142/jgr.2012.36.1.16
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Steaming of ginseng is known to change its chemical composition and biological activity. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different steaming time-scales on chemical constituents and antiproliferative activity of Vietnamese ginseng (VG). METHODS:VG was steamed at 105°C for 2-20 h. Its ...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2015.01.006
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the steaming process on chemical constituents, free radical scavenging activity, and antiproliferative effect of Vietnamese ginseng. METHODS:Samples of powdered Vietnamese ginseng were steamed at 120°C for various times and their extracts were subjecte...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2013.11.015
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyze a wide range of reactions in plant metabolism. Besides their physiological functions on primary and secondary metabolites, P450s are also involved in herbicide detoxification via hydroxylation or dealkylation. Ginseng as a perennial plant offers more sustainable solutions to ...
journal_title：Journal of ginseng research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jgr.2019.04.005
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
