Special histochemical stains in ocular pathology: agnogenic myeloid metaplasia with leukemic transformation.

abstract：:This review summarizes recent short-term clinical studies evaluating the ocular hypotensive efficacy of different dose-regimens of latanoprost. When tested in ocular hypertensive and glaucoma patients concomitantly treated with timolol, 0.006% latanoprost given only in the evening, was found to be more effective than ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Diestelhorst M,Krieglstein GK,Lusky M,Nagasubramanian S

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are a number of unresolved questions regarding small choroidal melanomas. At what stage in the natural history of these tumors do they develop the capacity to metastasize? What are the effects of various therapeutic modalities on the incidence of metastatic disease? Clinicopathologic studies suggest that patient...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Char DH

更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Once we understand that an increase in the size of the optic disk cup is due to loss of optic nerve fibers combined with some physical tissue rearrangements, it is quite clear that cupping begins as soon as nerve loss begins. Methods to detect cupping are more sensitive to the earliest glaucoma damage than are present...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Quigley HA

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sphingolipids are a ubiquitous membrane lipid present in every cell and found most abundantly in neural tissues. Disorders such as Tay-Sachs or Niemann-Pick disease are the most familiar examples of dysfunction in sphingolipid metabolism and are typically associated with neurodegeneration and ocular findings such as b...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Chen H,Chan AY,Stone DU,Mandal NA

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ocular myasthenia is a localized form of myasthenia clinically involving only the extraocular, levator palpebrae superioris, and/or orbicularis oculi muscles. Ocular manifestations can masquerade as a variety of ocular motility disorders, including cranial nerve and gaze palsies. A history of variable and fatiguable m...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Weinberg DA,Lesser RL,Vollmer TL

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although airbags measurably reduce the overall risk of injury to adults (including eye injury), and death from motor vehicle accidents, injuries attributed to airbag deployment have been reported. To identify reported cases of ocular trauma related to airbag deployment, a MEDLINE search from 1991 to 2000 was performed...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Pearlman JA,Au Eong KG,Kuhn F,Pieramici DJ

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin D may be implicated in the pathophysiology of several ocular diseases, but its role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains uncertain. We sought to review systematically the existing evidence to evaluate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D levels and AMD. A four-database search ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Ferreira A,Silva N,Furtado MJ,Carneiro Â,Lume M,Andrade JP

更新日期：2020-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Laser photocoagulation treatment of the posterior pole of the retina is often complicated by immediate visual impairment, which is caused by the unavoidable laser-induced destruction of the normal tissue adjacent to the lesion. A neuroprotective therapy aimed at salvaging this normal tissue might enhance the ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Solberg Y,Dubinski G,Tchirkov M,Belkin M,Rosner M

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The light and electron microscopic findings are reviewed in two patients who had eyes enucleated for peripheral choroidal malignant melanomas. Preoperatively, cystoid macular edema was documented by fluorescein angiography in the melanoma-containing eye in both patients. Intracytoplasmic swelling (edema) of the Müller...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Yanoff M,Fine BS,Brucker AJ,Eagle RC Jr

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lasers have become an indispensable tool in management of many ocular disorders. This review describes the principles of lasers and the effects various laser modalities and wavelength modalities can produce on ocular structure. Guidelines are provided for appropriate selection of various wavelengths and prevention of ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Peyman GA,Raichand M,Zeimer RC

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ocular posterior segment manifestations of AIDS may be divided into four categories: retinal vasculopathy, unusual malignancies, neuro-ophthalmologic abnormalities, and opportunistic infections. Microvasculopathy is the most common manifestation. Opportunistic infections, particularly cytomegalovirus retinitis and...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Vrabec TR

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endophthalmitis is a serious complication of cataract surgery that occurs in thousands of patients each year. To decrease the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis, many surgeons inject intracameral antibiotics (cefuroxime, moxifloxacin, and vancomycin) routinely at the end of surgery. A large number of recently ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Grzybowski A,Brona P,Zeman L,Stewart MW

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glaucoma, primarily a disease of the older population, may affect women of childbearing age. Pregnancy affects the intraocular pressure (IOP) of women with pre-existing glaucoma. Both elevations and reductions of IOP have been reported during pregnancy. Additionally, visual field test results may fluctuate during preg...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Razeghinejad MR,Tania Tai TY,Fudemberg SJ,Katz LJ

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most of the histopathological and psychophysical studies in glaucoma reveal a preferential damage to the magnocellular (M) pathway although a few of them support a damage to the parvocellular (P) pathway as well. In glaucoma, the visual fields are usually evaluated by conventional perimetry. However, it has been demon...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Shabana N,Cornilleau Pérès V,Carkeet A,Chew PT

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is still the most common cause of failure of surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, despite the substantial effort that has been devoted to better understanding and managing this condition during the past 25 years. Basic research has indicated that PVR represents scarring,...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Pastor JC

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a highly innovative technique which allows for the generation of large amounts of DNA starting from minute quantities obtained from the blood or tissue of a patient. With the increasing knowledge concerning the structure of the human genome and the potential to amplify specific s...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Mastrangelo D,Squitieri N,Bruni S,Hadjistilianou T,Frezzotti R

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is a relatively new type of laser used in treating open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and is reported to be equally efficacious to a first-line medication and argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT). We summarize available evidence for considering SLT as an alternative treatment in OAG through s...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Wong MO,Lee JW,Choy BN,Chan JC,Lai JS

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophysiological research on acquired retinal disorders, both common and rare, is reviewed. Age is a major factor influencing electroretinogram (ERG) and electro-oculogram (EOG) findings. Bipolar or Müller cell death in the aging retina could account for much of the amplitude decline that is observed with age. In ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Scholl HP,Zrenner E

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ocular tissues, like those of other organs, exhibit limited morphologic reactions to trauma, i.e., hyperemia, abrupt vasodilation, increased blood flow; increased permeability of blood vessels, edema and increased tissue pressure (disrupted blood-ocular barrier); and later, a cellular inflammatory response. The cystoi...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Sears ML

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cataract surgery is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in many developed countries. Postoperative endophthalmitis is a rare complication with potentially devastating visual outcomes. Currently, there is no global consensus regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in cataract surgery despite growing evidence of the...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： LaHood BR,Andrew NH,Goggin M

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Botulinum toxin has become the initial treatment of choice for the management of essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm and other craniocervical dystonias. Numerous studies have confirmed a 90% to 95% response rate. Although a number of common side effects have been reported, the occurrence and incidence of rare lo...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Dutton JJ

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glaucomatous optic neuropathy implies loss of retinal ganglion cells, including their axons, and a major tissue remodeling, especially in the optic nerve head. Although increased intraocular pressure is a major risk factor for glaucomatous optic neuropathy, there is little doubt that other factors such as ocular blood...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Mozaffarieh M,Grieshaber MC,Orgül S,Flammer J

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Distinguishing the cause of itching, red eyelids is often difficult. Pruritic, inflamed eyelids can reflect various etiologies and are a common clinical presentation to the office of a dermatologist or ophthalmologist. In this article, five of the more common causes of eyelid dermatitis (atopic dermatitis, contact der...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Zug KA,Palay DA,Rock B

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drugs across many pharmacologic classes induce corneal epithelial changes. Many of these drugs have cationic amphiphilic structures, with a hydrophobic ring and hydrophilic cationic amine side chain that allow them to cross cell membranes. These drugs lead to intracellular phospholipid accumulation, often manifested i...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Raizman MB,Hamrah P,Holland EJ,Kim T,Mah FS,Rapuano CJ,Ulrich RG

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial diseases frequently manifest neuro-ophthalmologic symptoms and signs. Because of the predilection of mitochondrial disorders to involve the optic nerves, extraocular muscles, retina, and even the retrochiasmal visual pathways, the ophthalmologist is often the first physician to be consulted. Disorders ca...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Fraser JA,Biousse V,Newman NJ

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A common detection and classification system is needed for epidemiologic studies of age-related maculopathy (ARM). Such a grading scheme for ARM is described in this paper. ARM is defined as a degenerative disorder in persons > or = 50 years of age characterized on grading of color fundus transparencies by the presenc...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Bird AC,Bressler NM,Bressler SB,Chisholm IH,Coscas G,Davis MD,de Jong PT,Klaver CC,Klein BE,Klein R

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent clinical trials have changed the management paradigm for diabetic macular edema (DME). There is an urgent need to identify the most effective ways of preventing retinopathy or intervening at an early, asymptomatic stage in order to preserve vision. The rise in the incidence of diabetes is a serious public healt...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Kiire CA,Porta M,Chong V

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Suprachoroidal hemorrhage is a feared complication of all types of intraocular surgery. Although rare, it is typically associated with severe visual disability, and this has prompted efforts to better understand the pathogenesis of this condition, to identify the patients at risk for this event, and to improve treatme...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Chu TG,Green RL

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A comparison has been made between pars plana lansectomy and intracapsular cataract extraction Pars plana lensectomy has been shown to have many advantages. It is applicable to any age, while intracapsular cataract extraction is restricted to patients over 30 years old. It can be used in any type of cataract, whereas ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Girard LJ

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 37-year-old woman experienced painless, progressive vision loss to no light perception in the left eye over the course of 3 days. The right eye was unaffected. On examination, the only other abnormal finding was a +4 left afferent pupillary defect. She was initially diagnosed with retrobulbar optic neuritis and admi...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Craenen G,Brown SM,Freedman KA,Windisch TR,Corona J

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00