Abstract：
:The light and electron microscopic findings are reviewed in two patients who had eyes enucleated for peripheral choroidal malignant melanomas. Preoperatively, cystoid macular edema was documented by fluorescein angiography in the melanoma-containing eye in both patients. Intracytoplasmic swelling (edema) of the Müller (glial) cells is the anatomical basis for the macular edema. Intercellular (extracellular) collections of fluid probably are late, endstage results of the process that result form prolonged, excessive, intracellular edema, cell death and disruption. The process probably rests on an ischemic basis, as evidenced by severe changes in the microvasculature. In the one patient in whom the optic nerve was available for study, marked intracellular swelling (edema) of glial cells in the lamina choroidalis of the optic nerve head was present, associated with compression of the adjacent axons. The nearby temporal, parapapillary retina also showed edema of Müller cells, and compression of the nerve fibers (ganglion cell axons), suggesting a more widespread process than was clinically evident. Again, severe changes were present in the microvasculature, both in the optic nerve and parapapillary retina. The underlying cause of the microvasculature changes that lead to ischemia, perhaps an intrinsic pharmacologic agent, is yet to be found.
journal_name
Surv Ophthalmoljournal_title
Survey of ophthalmologyauthors
Yanoff M,Fine BS,Brucker AJ,Eagle RC Jrdoi
10.1016/0039-6257(84)90233-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-05-01 00:00:00pages
505-11eissn
0039-6257issn
1879-3304pii
0039-6257(84)90233-9journal_volume
28 Supplpub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Mitochondrial diseases frequently manifest neuro-ophthalmologic symptoms and signs. Because of the predilection of mitochondrial disorders to involve the optic nerves, extraocular muscles, retina, and even the retrochiasmal visual pathways, the ophthalmologist is often the first physician to be consulted. Disorders ca...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2009.10.002
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review summarizes recent short-term clinical studies evaluating the ocular hypotensive efficacy of different dose-regimens of latanoprost. When tested in ocular hypertensive and glaucoma patients concomitantly treated with timolol, 0.006% latanoprost given only in the evening, was found to be more effective than ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(97)80011-2
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Once we understand that an increase in the size of the optic disk cup is due to loss of optic nerve fibers combined with some physical tissue rearrangements, it is quite clear that cupping begins as soon as nerve loss begins. Methods to detect cupping are more sensitive to the earliest glaucoma damage than are present...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(85)90080-3
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors, which are formulated as ophthalmic eyedrop preparations, have recently become commercially available for use by ophthalmologists in the United States to inhibit intraoperative miosis during cataract surgery and to prevent postoperative inflammation. In addition, they are available worldwide...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(92)90095-b
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seventy percent of the blood flow to the eye goes to the choroid, a structure that is vitally important to the function of the retina. The in vivo structure of the choroid in health and disease is incompletely visualized with traditional imaging modalities, including indocyanine green angiography, ultrasonography, and...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2012.12.001
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 20-year-old Hispanic man with Down syndrome presented with progressively worsening headache, fluctuating decreased vision, and bilateral optic disk edema. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed an empty sella, and magnetic resonance venography showed thrombosis of left transverse and sigmoid sinuses. Catheter...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2012.10.005
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 23-year-old male presented with bilateral sclerokeratitis. He reported recent bronchitis, sinusitis, dyspnea on exertion, hemoptysis, arthralgias and myalgias. Wegener's granulomatosis was diagnosed by a positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) test and a nasal and subglotic biopsy showing granulomato...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(93)90067-h
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this review is to present the current knowledge on specific growth factor involvement in posterior segment eye disease. Growth factors can be defined as multifunctional signals which modify cell growth or proliferation, alone or in concert, by binding to specific cell surface receptors. Their biological ef...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(92)90115-a
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Idiopathic sclerosing inflammation of the orbit is a distinct form of orbital inflammatory disease characterized by slow and relentless involvement of orbital structures. It is this insidious and relentless course that makes distinction from neoplastic lesions clinically difficult. We report the case of a patient with...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(01)00280-6
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Technologic improvements in cataract surgery have not only improved visual outcomes, but also have minimized intraoperative and postoperative pain. We review the mechanisms, risk factors, and management of intraoperative and postoperative pain. Summaries of less common sources of physiologic pain have been included to...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.07.002
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A child with interstitial deletion of chromosome 17, right optic nerve hypoplasia, and impaired speech had bilateral congenital optic disc pigmentation, giving the appearance of gray optic discs. This appearance did not change over a period of two-and-a-half years. Previous cases of gray optic discs in neonates have b...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(89)90013-1
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thymoxamine is an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent which works by competitive antagonism of norepinephrine. It is the only alpha-adrenergic blocker available which has tolerable side effects when used as an ophthalmic solution. When used as a 0.5% solution it consistently produces miosis without affecting the intraocul...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(80)90150-2
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 24-year-old woman with acute optic neuritis is presented. Appropriate management and treatment of this case using the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial guidelines and an evaluation of the cost involved is discussed. ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(97)00117-3
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cataract surgery is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in many developed countries. Postoperative endophthalmitis is a rare complication with potentially devastating visual outcomes. Currently, there is no global consensus regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in cataract surgery despite growing evidence of the...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.04.004
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 47-year-old woman presented with a medial orbital tumor initially diagnosed as either a myxoid neurofibroma or myoepithelioma. Over 30 years the tumor recurred seven times and was serially debulked. Careful histopathologic analysis coupled with immunohistochemical studies performed on the last two biopsies establish...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2014.12.002
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glaucoma, primarily a disease of the older population, may affect women of childbearing age. Pregnancy affects the intraocular pressure (IOP) of women with pre-existing glaucoma. Both elevations and reductions of IOP have been reported during pregnancy. Additionally, visual field test results may fluctuate during preg...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2010.11.008
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Suprachoroidal hemorrhage is a feared complication of all types of intraocular surgery. Although rare, it is typically associated with severe visual disability, and this has prompted efforts to better understand the pathogenesis of this condition, to identify the patients at risk for this event, and to improve treatme...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(99)00037-5
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Through the efforts of Dr. Townley Paton, eye banks were founded in New York in the early 1940s. Since that time there has been steady growth in both the supply of and demand for donor material. A number of factors have contributed to the success of eye banks in the U.S.A., including improvements in eye banking techni...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(82)90151-5
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes the history and substance of New York State's proposal for a mandatory recredentialing program for physicians, its implications for the medical profession, and the pros and cons of instituting a recertification policy for ophthalmology. ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(90)90049-2
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At the time of the American Revolution, understanding of diseases of the eye was rudimentary, treatment of ocular problems was largely ineffective, and American physicians were highly dependent on their European colleagues for training and development. Knowledge of optics, light and color was somewhat more advanced. T...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(77)90028-5
更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms of lens opacification, and certain nutritional antioxidants are suspected to have a protective effect. To examine the role of these nutritional antioxidants on cataract prevention, we searched major databases and reviewed current evidence regarding the protective effect o...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.03.003
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 30-year-old man presented with painless total visual loss in the right eye. Fundus exam and imaging was consistent with total internal carotid artery occlusion and hemispheric stroke. The presentation and management options of retinal vascular occlusive disease in association with asymptomatic stroke are discussed. ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2014.06.007
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 63-year-old man developed bilateral conjunctival injection and irritation followed by periocular discomfort and diplopia. Within weeks left proptosis and intermittent fever were noted. Orbital CT scan showed bilateral nodular enlargement of multiple extraocular muscles. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the extraocul...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(88)90087-2
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two short visual field tests were performed on 106 subjects approximately 5 minutes apart with or without a hand vibration stimulus between the field tests. There were 31 eyes in the control group (10 without glaucoma, eight glaucoma suspects, 10 with primary open-angle glaucoma, and three with secondary open-angle gl...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(99)00051-x
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 55-year-old man with a history of mantle cell lymphoma reported acute blurred vision in the right eye. Although initially diagnosed with acute retrobulbar optic neuritis, 3 weeks later retinal infiltrates and vitritis developed, but vitrectomy resulted negative for vitreoretinal lymphoma. Further investigation revea...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.05.006
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The painting Rubens Peale with a Geranium (1801), by Rembrandt Peale, has earned a reputation as a masterpiece of early American portraiture. In recent years the painting has also been the source of controversy, because Rubens was depicted with two pairs of eyeglasses at a time when most people would not have been por...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(97)00008-8
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In addition to the original and highly popular instrument designed by Goldmann, three other projection perimeters are now available. Features of the Goldmann, Topcon, Marco and Rodenstock machines are examined and compared. ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(75)90005-3
更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With an occurrence of approximately 1 in 3000 births, von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis (NF) is one of the most common inherited human disorders. NF is considered a neurocristopathy, a disorder of neural crest derived cells. One of the complications of NF is the development of neural crest derived malignancies such...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(89)90014-3
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lysosomal enzymes are distributed widely in various ocular tissues. Among these tissues, the uvea and retina show the higher enzyme activities of acid phosphates, beta-blucuronidase, alpha-fucosidase, alpha-mannosidase, arylsulfatase, cathepsin D, cathepsin B and others. The particular role of lysosomal enzymes in the...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(83)90125-x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit is a rare spindle cell neoplasm. There are 42 cases of solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit available in the literature. We present six more cases of orbital solitary fibrous tumors, which presented to our institute between 1999 and 2001. We highlight the need for clinical recognitio...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(03)00087-0
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
