Abstract：
:There are a number of unresolved questions regarding small choroidal melanomas. At what stage in the natural history of these tumors do they develop the capacity to metastasize? What are the effects of various therapeutic modalities on the incidence of metastatic disease? Clinicopathologic studies suggest that patients with small choroidal melanomas (less than 10 mm in diameter and 3 mm in height) have an excellent prognosis. In patients with small choroidal melanomas with clear ocular media and no clinical retinal detachment, it is reasonable to do serial examinations without therapeutic intervention until growth is documented. In patients with small choroidal melanomas in which growth is documented, enucleation or alternate modes of therapy, including photocoagulation or radiation, are reasonable methods of treatment. Only by conducting prospective studies can we obtain a better understanding of the natural history of choroidal melanomas, determine at what stage these small lesions develop a metastatic potential, and evaluate the relative efficacy of various treatment modalities in preventing the development of metastatic disease.
journal_name
Surv Ophthalmoljournal_title
Survey of ophthalmologyauthors
Char DHdoi
10.1016/0039-6257(78)90133-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-05-01 00:00:00pages
377-86issue
6eissn
0039-6257issn
1879-3304pii
0039-6257(78)90133-9journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The abundant data about retinal tears has shown that they are prevalent in the general population and that the vast majority of retinal tears do not lead to retinal detachment. What remains to be clarified are the criteria for identifying the few retinal breaks which require prophylactic surgery to prevent their progr...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(80)90149-6
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a form of inherited night blindness. Over decades, various dubious treatment strategies that lacked sufficient theoretically sound underpinnings were explored. Initially they were enthusiastically promoted and subsequently discredited. It is apparent that many were predicated on the errone...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2013.04.002
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An elderly woman presented for evaluation of the recent onset of a fixed, blurry circle in the right eye. Visual acuity was 20/20 OU. Funduscopic examination revealed a newly-noticed isolated cotton-wool spot in each eye. Amsler grid testing revealed an arcuate shady area in the inferior nasal field. A thorough system...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(96)80072-5
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In treating periocular basal cell carcinoma the goal is to achieve the most complete eradication of affected tissue while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible. In the first of these "Viewpoints" articles, Drs. Leshin and Yeatts discuss the success of Mohs' microsurgical technique (MMS) in both regards. Moreov...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(93)90101-c
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 37-year-old woman experienced painless, progressive vision loss to no light perception in the left eye over the course of 3 days. The right eye was unaffected. On examination, the only other abnormal finding was a +4 left afferent pupillary defect. She was initially diagnosed with retrobulbar optic neuritis and admi...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2004.02.012
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 24-year-old woman with acute optic neuritis is presented. Appropriate management and treatment of this case using the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial guidelines and an evaluation of the cost involved is discussed. ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(97)00117-3
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The choroid is the vascular coat of the eye, and its role has been studied in multiple chorioretinal disorders. Recent advancements in choroidal imaging techniques, including enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography, swept source optical coherence tomography, en face optical coherence tomography, and optica...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.11.002
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Topical treatment of ocular bacterial infection is practiced widely, and the choice of the antibacterial agent depends on the nature of the infection, including the susceptibility of the organism, the tissue affected, and the safety profile of the agent. Moxifloxacin is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone approved for...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2005.05.003
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of intravitreal (IVT) corticosteroids for treatment of posterior segment diseases has increased significantly over the last decade. A commonly recognized complication of IVT steroids is secondary ocular hypertension (OHT) that can occur immediately secondary to direct intraocular volume increase or weeks to mo...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2012.08.003
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of current concepts for a visual prosthesis are based on neuronal electrical stimulation at different locations along the visual pathways within the central nervous system. The different designs of visual prostheses are named according to their locations (i.e., cortical, optic nerve, subretinal, and epiretinal). ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(02)00311-9
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is common for healthy children with specific visual complaints to be seen for eye examinations. After a complete eye examination has ruled out pathologic conditions as the cause of these complaints, it is appropriate for the clinician to explore the possibility that normal entoptic or physiologic visual phenomena m...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(99)00078-8
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a powerful, non-invasive technique for mapping human brain function. Because of the robust signal intensity changes associated with visual stimuli, fMRI is particularly useful for studying visual cortex (including both striate and extrastriate cortex). Also, activation o...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(02)00356-9
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 63-year-old man developed bilateral conjunctival injection and irritation followed by periocular discomfort and diplopia. Within weeks left proptosis and intermittent fever were noted. Orbital CT scan showed bilateral nodular enlargement of multiple extraocular muscles. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the extraocul...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(88)90087-2
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinoblastoma usually presents in children younger than 5 years. To our knowledge, 20 cases of retinoblastoma in adults (older than 20 years) have been reported in the literature. Of 173 patients with histopathologically proven retinoblastoma seen in our institute, three were adults. All the patients had endophytic t...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(99)00132-0
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Statue of Freedom, which sits on top of the Capitol Dome in Washington, DC, was created by Thomas Crawford. At the peak of his career in 1856, while busy completing multiple commissions for the new Capitol extensions, he developed diplopia and consulted the leading oculists of the time in Paris, Drs. Desmarres and...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2014.11.003
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cystic macular lesions frequently contribute to impaired visual acuity in hereditary retinal dystrophies. Their pathogenesis varies and is not entirely understood. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have proven to be potentially efficacious, although not in all cases. We discuss the various factors and mechanisms implicate...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2012.11.006
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Latent herpes simplex virus (HSV) is known to reside in the trigeminal ganglia. Our studies show that the temporary retrobulbar disruption of trigeminal nerve function in chronically infected animals caused a striking decrease in the number of positive HSV cultures obtained during the 20 weeks immediately following su...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(76)90098-9
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 30-year-old woman developed left-sided headaches and ipsilateral oculosympathetic paresis (Horner's syndrome) secondary to carotid dissection. Although she initially denied preceding trauma, further questioning revealed a pattern of physical abuse by her boyfriend, including an attempted strangulation shortly before...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(97)00054-4
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of the histopathological and psychophysical studies in glaucoma reveal a preferential damage to the magnocellular (M) pathway although a few of them support a damage to the parvocellular (P) pathway as well. In glaucoma, the visual fields are usually evaluated by conventional perimetry. However, it has been demon...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(02)00401-0
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angle-closure glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Diagnosis and treatment are intricately related to angle assessment techniques. This article reviews the literature on angle assessment and provides recommendations about optimal techniques based on the published evidence. Specifically, we review gon...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2007.10.012
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sports-related eye injuries pose a substantial and preventable problem. Ophthalmologists, by educating their patients regarding the risks of eye injuries in various sports and the benefits availability of protective equipment, have the potential to prevent injury to well over 100,000 eyes each year. General guidelines...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(80)90075-2
更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ocular myasthenia is a localized form of myasthenia clinically involving only the extraocular, levator palpebrae superioris, and/or orbicularis oculi muscles. Ocular manifestations can masquerade as a variety of ocular motility disorders, including cranial nerve and gaze palsies. A history of variable and fatiguable m...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(94)90194-5
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes the history and substance of New York State's proposal for a mandatory recredentialing program for physicians, its implications for the medical profession, and the pros and cons of instituting a recertification policy for ophthalmology. ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(90)90049-2
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sphingolipids are a ubiquitous membrane lipid present in every cell and found most abundantly in neural tissues. Disorders such as Tay-Sachs or Niemann-Pick disease are the most familiar examples of dysfunction in sphingolipid metabolism and are typically associated with neurodegeneration and ocular findings such as b...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2013.02.005
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conjunctivochalasis, defined as a redundant conjunctiva typically located between the globe and the lower eyelid, is not uncommon. However, it is often overlooked, as it may be considered a normal senile change. Conjunctivochalasis can cause a spectrum of symptoms, ranging from aggravation of a dry eye at the mild sta...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(98)00037-x
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 20-year-old Hispanic man with Down syndrome presented with progressively worsening headache, fluctuating decreased vision, and bilateral optic disk edema. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed an empty sella, and magnetic resonance venography showed thrombosis of left transverse and sigmoid sinuses. Catheter...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2012.10.005
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The light and electron microscopic findings are reviewed in two patients who had eyes enucleated for peripheral choroidal malignant melanomas. Preoperatively, cystoid macular edema was documented by fluorescein angiography in the melanoma-containing eye in both patients. Intracytoplasmic swelling (edema) of the Müller...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(84)90233-9
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 85 eyes (75 patients) with pseudogliomas (i.e., certain conditions which simulate retinoblastoma, were examined histopathologically to determine the incidence of rubeosis iridis. Neovascularization of the anterior surface of the iris was found in 70 eyes (82%). The principal associated changes in these eyes...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(80)90151-4
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cornea's intense innervation is responsible for corneal trophism and ocular surface hemostasis maintenance. Corneal diabetic neuropathy affects subbasal nerve plexus, with progressive alteration of nerves' morphology and density. The quantitative analysis of nerve fibers can be performed with in vivo corneal confo...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.09.003
更新日期：2020-09-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on their mechanism of action, the most frequently used ocular hypertensive agents, the beta-blockers, cannot be assumed to reduce IOP during sleep. The need for drugs that reduce IOP around-the-clock is underscored, however, by the fact that inadequate nocturnal ocular perfusion pressure is considered to be one ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(97)80021-5
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
