Abstract：
:The use of intravitreal (IVT) corticosteroids for treatment of posterior segment diseases has increased significantly over the last decade. A commonly recognized complication of IVT steroids is secondary ocular hypertension (OHT) that can occur immediately secondary to direct intraocular volume increase or weeks to months later as a result of increased outflow resistance. We performed a meta-analysis and found 32% (95% confidence interval, 28.2-36.3) of individuals developed OHT following 4 mg IVT triamcinolone, 66% (50.2-78.8) and 79% (72.2-84.5) following 0.59 and 2.1 mg fluocinolone implant, respectively, and 11% (6.4-17.9) and 15% (9.2-24.3) following 0.35 and 0.7 mg dexamethasone implant, respectively. Risk factors included pre-existing glaucoma, higher baseline intraocular pressure (IOP), younger age, OHT following previous injection, uveitis, higher steroid dosage, and fluocinolone implant. Most cases of OHT can be controlled medically; up to 45% following fluocinolone implant require surgery, however. We suggest a protocol to monitor IOP after IVT steroid injection/implantation that includes checking IOP within 30 minutes after injection, followed by 1 week after IVT triamcinolone and 2 weeks after implant insertion, then every 2 weeks for the first month and monthly for up to 6 months after IVT triamcinolone and dexamethasone implantation and 9 months after fluocinolone implantation.
journal_name
Surv Ophthalmoljournal_title
Survey of ophthalmologyauthors
Kiddee W,Trope GE,Sheng L,Beltran-Agullo L,Smith M,Strungaru MH,Baath J,Buys YMdoi
10.1016/j.survophthal.2012.08.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-07-01 00:00:00pages
291-310issue
4eissn
0039-6257issn
1879-3304pii
S0039-6257(12)00183-Xjournal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析,评审abstract：PURPOSE:The angiostatic cortisene anecortave acetate was evaluated in three safety and efficacy studies of patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration. METHODS:The Anecortave Acetate Monotherapy Trial enrolled 128 patients randomized to anecortave acetat...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2006.11.005
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are a number of unresolved questions regarding small choroidal melanomas. At what stage in the natural history of these tumors do they develop the capacity to metastasize? What are the effects of various therapeutic modalities on the incidence of metastatic disease? Clinicopathologic studies suggest that patient...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(78)90133-9
更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In treating periocular basal cell carcinoma the goal is to achieve the most complete eradication of affected tissue while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible. In the first of these "Viewpoints" articles, Drs. Leshin and Yeatts discuss the success of Mohs' microsurgical technique (MMS) in both regards. Moreov...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(93)90101-c
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Benjamin Franklin, who died 200 years ago, is generally credited with the invention of bifocals. However, serious historians have from time to time produced evidence to suggest that others may have preceded him in the invention. This historical article includes correspondence from George Whatley, a London philanthropi...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(90)90092-a
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Caspar Stromayr, ophthalmologist and hernia surgeon, is credited with writing the first German ophthalmic work of known authorship. Written in about 1559 as an appendix to Practica Copiosa, a larger work on hernia surgery, the ophthalmic chapters describe Stromayr's thoughts on the etiology and treatment of cataract. ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(90)90072-4
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyogenic granulomas are vasoproliferative, inflammatory lesions composed of granulation tissue, which occur on cutaneous or mucosal tissues, often arising secondary to other processes such as trauma or infection. Conjunctival pyogenic granulomas are not rare, but corneal involvement is very unusual and can occasionall...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(84)90204-2
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The published evidence that instilled drugs can affect the blood supply to the retina and optic nerve head in humans is examined. As a background, seven techniques that have been used to measure flow are briefly described and criticized. For timolol, the corresponding measurements, obtained by a number of investigator...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(02)00326-0
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Corneal transplant surgeries have a broad range of indications with outcomes largely dependent on surgeon experience. Traditional manual techniques have certain limitations pertaining to the preparation of donor tissue and the recipient bed that might affect the predictability of visual outcomes. Use of lasers for ker...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.01.009
更新日期：2021-01-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinitis pigmentosa is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of hereditary disorders in which there is progressive loss of photoreceptor and pigment epithelial function. The prevalence of retinitis pigmentosa is between 1/3000 and 1/5000 making it one of the most common causes of visual impairment in all a...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(88)90085-9
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pseudoxanthoma elasticum is an autosomally inherited disorder that is associated with the accumulation of mineralized and fragmented elastic fibers in the skin, Bruch's membrane in the retina, and vessel walls. The ophthalmic and dermatologic expression of pseudoxanthoma elasticum and its vascular complications are he...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(03)00053-5
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 71-year-old woman with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with unilateral optic disc edema. Laboratory evaluations for infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic etiologies were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits with and without contrast demonstrated enhancement and thickening of the ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.04.005
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For 11 years, a 50-year-old woman with euthyroid Graves' disease experienced intermittent exacerbations of her orbitopathy associated with a decline in visual acuity. On each occasion, treatment with systemic corticosteroids led to prompt recovery of vision. Upon referral for consideration for orbital decompressive su...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(97)00094-5
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A comparison has been made between pars plana lansectomy and intracapsular cataract extraction Pars plana lensectomy has been shown to have many advantages. It is applicable to any age, while intracapsular cataract extraction is restricted to patients over 30 years old. It can be used in any type of cataract, whereas ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(82)90191-6
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A child with interstitial deletion of chromosome 17, right optic nerve hypoplasia, and impaired speech had bilateral congenital optic disc pigmentation, giving the appearance of gray optic discs. This appearance did not change over a period of two-and-a-half years. Previous cases of gray optic discs in neonates have b...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(89)90013-1
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coats'-like changes (i.e., retinal telangiectasia and/or exudative detachment) have been reported in as many as 1.2 to 3.6 percent of patients with retinitis pigmentosa. In severe cases this disorder may progress to total retinal detachment and visual loss in the context of longstanding retinitis pigmentosa. Forty-six...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(88)90094-x
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of sympathetic ophthalmia are helping to remove the pigmented cloud which has obstructed the view of researchers on this disease for many years. Clinical features, diagnostic testing, histopathologic variations and principles of treatment are evaluated in the context o...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(79)90018-3
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possible applications of biofeedback to the treatment of ophthalmologic disorders is reviewed. Studies have suggested utility in the management of blepharospasms, strabismus, nystagmus, and other eye movement disorders as well as the training of voluntary control of accommodation. Limitations of the current litera...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(83)90195-9
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of current concepts for a visual prosthesis are based on neuronal electrical stimulation at different locations along the visual pathways within the central nervous system. The different designs of visual prostheses are named according to their locations (i.e., cortical, optic nerve, subretinal, and epiretinal). ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(02)00311-9
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thymoxamine is an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent which works by competitive antagonism of norepinephrine. It is the only alpha-adrenergic blocker available which has tolerable side effects when used as an ophthalmic solution. When used as a 0.5% solution it consistently produces miosis without affecting the intraocul...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(80)90150-2
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 32-year-old woman experienced dizziness and headache for 5 months. She also complained of painless, progressive bilateral visual loss for several weeks. Before developing the initial symptoms, she had an uncomplicated pregnancy except for dizziness and systemic hypotension during the first term. Fundus examination d...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.03.001
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical and pathologic features of 13 patients with biopsy-proven reticulum cell sarcoma of the orbit are reviewed. All of the patients were adults, in contrast to many previous reports that have emphasized how common this tumor is in children. Eight patients presented with proptosis and without prior diagnosis o...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(78)90072-3
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium is a prominent feature of many chorio-retinal disease processes, the most prevalent of which is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium may or may not be associated with choroidal neovascularization and may be caused by different...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2007.02.008
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 34-year-old man with AIDS was admitted to the hospital with a one-week history of cough, chest pain, and fever. Radiography revealed a cavitating left upper lobe lesion. Two weeks later he developed a headache associated with a contrast enhancing lesion in the right parietal lobe. The patient had a progressive downh...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(05)80043-8
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Typical optic neuritis is an idiopathic demyelinating condition that is often associated with multiple sclerosis. This has been well characterized and has an excellent prognosis. Atypical optic neuritis can result from an inflammatory, infectious, or autoimmune disorder. Differentiating the two types of optic neuritis...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.06.001
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Statue of Freedom, which sits on top of the Capitol Dome in Washington, DC, was created by Thomas Crawford. At the peak of his career in 1856, while busy completing multiple commissions for the new Capitol extensions, he developed diplopia and consulted the leading oculists of the time in Paris, Drs. Desmarres and...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2014.11.003
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent research on classical red-green blind observers has shown that complete dichromacy may be present only under conditions where the viewing angle is small. For viewing angles greater than about 4 degrees, both rods and an anomalous cone have been shown to underlie a weak form of trichromacy. The conditions for ro...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(83)90230-8
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lasers have become an indispensable tool in management of many ocular disorders. This review describes the principles of lasers and the effects various laser modalities and wavelength modalities can produce on ocular structure. Guidelines are provided for appropriate selection of various wavelengths and prevention of ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(84)90244-3
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a high-resolution ultrasound technique that allows noninvasive in vivo imaging of structural details of the anterior ocular segment at near light microscopic resolution and provides detailed assessment of anterior segment structures, including those obscured by normal anatomic and pat...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.04.004
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Orbital aspergillosis is an uncommon but serious infection that may first present to the ophthalmologist. Usually arising from the paranasal sinuses, it may present in manifold ways within the orbit. Some presentations, such as optic nerve involvement, can respond to systemic corticosteroids, leading to delays in diag...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(96)80004-x
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viral conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus is the most common infectious conjunctivitis. Adenoviruses are highly contagious pathogens. The modes of transmission are mainly through hand to eye contact, ocular secretions, respiratory droplets, and contact with ophthalmic care providers and their medical instruments. The ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2015.04.001
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
