Abstract:
:Multisensory integration does not only recruit higher-level association cortex, but also low-level and even primary sensory cortices. Here, we will describe and quantify two types of anatomical pathways, a thalamocortical and a corticocortical that possibly underlie short-latency multisensory integration processes in the primary auditory (A1), somatosensory (S1), and visual cortex (V1). Results were obtained from Mongolian gerbils, a common model-species in neuroscience, using simultaneous injections of different retrograde tracers into A1, S1, and V1. Several auditory, visual, and somatosensory thalamic nuclei project not only to the primary sensory area of their own (matched) but also to areas of other (non-matched) modalities. The crossmodal output ratios of these nuclei, belonging to both core and non-core sensory pathways, vary between 0.4 and 63.5 % of the labeled neurons. Approximately 0.3 % of the sensory thalamic input to A1, 5.0 % to S1, and 2.1 % to V1 arise from non-matched nuclei. V1 has most crossmodal corticocortical connections, projecting strongest to S1 and receiving a similar amount of moderate inputs from A1 and S1. S1 is mainly interconnected with V1. A1 has slightly more projections to V1 than S1, but gets just faint inputs from there. Concerning the layer-specific distribution of the retrogradely labeled somata in cortex, V1 provides the most pronounced feedforward-type outputs and receives (together with S1) most pronounced feedback-type inputs. In contrast, A1 has most pronounced feedback-type outputs and feedforward-type inputs in this network. Functionally, the different sets of thalamocortical and corticocortical connections could underlie distinctive types of integration mechanisms for different modality pairings.
journal_name
Brain Struct Functjournal_title
Brain structure & functionauthors
Henschke JU,Noesselt T,Scheich H,Budinger Edoi
10.1007/s00429-013-0694-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-03-01 00:00:00pages
955-77issue
2eissn
1863-2653issn
1863-2661journal_volume
220pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Diverse stress stimuli induce long-lasting cognitive deficits, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Here, we report three different stress models demonstrating that stress-inducible increases in microRNA-132 (miR-132) and consequent decreases in its acetylcholinesterase (AChE) tar...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-011-0376-z
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sublineage diversification of specific neural cell classes occurs in complex as well as simply organized regions of the central and peripheral nervous systems; the significance of the phenomenon, however, remains insufficiently understood. The unipolar brush cells (UBCs) are glutamatergic cerebellar interneurons that ...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-013-0531-9
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the major challenges of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data analysis is to develop simple and reliable methods to correlate brain regions with functionality. In this paper, we employ a detrending-based fractal method, called detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), to identify brain activity from fMR...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-007-0166-9
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with Parkinson's disease have difficulties with self-initiating a task and maintaining a steady task performance. We hypothesized that these difficulties relate to reorganization in the sensorimotor execution, cingulo-opercular task-set maintenance, and frontoparietal adaptive control networks. We tested this...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-014-0981-8
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three populations of neurons expressing the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (Vglut2) were recently described in the A10 area of the mouse midbrain, of which two populations were shown to express the gene encoding, the rate-limiting enzyme for catecholamine synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).One of these population...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-014-0778-9
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two anorexigenic peptides, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and urocortin 3 (UCN3), are co-expressed in a continuous neuronal group that extends from the perifornical area to the bed nucleus of stria terminalis, raising the possibility that this cell group may be involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis. In...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-017-1553-5
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the superior parietal lobule (SPL), the anterior part (area PE) is known to process somatosensory information, while the caudalmost part (areas V6Av and V6) processes visual information. Here we studied the visual and somatosensory properties of the areas PEc and V6Ad located in between the somatosensory and visual...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-017-1593-x
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proprioceptive signals from body muscles have historically been considered to project to the rostrodorsal shell of the ventrobasal thalamic complex [the ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) and ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM)]. However, we have recently found that proprioception from rat jaw-closing muscle spindle...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-020-02118-2
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sex differences are widespread across vertebrate nervous systems. Such differences are sometimes reflected in the neural substrate via neuroanatomical differences in brain region volume. One brain region that displays sex differences in its associated functions and pathologies is the striatum, including the caudate-pu...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-015-1158-9
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroligins are transmembrane cell adhesion proteins with a key role in the regulation of excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Based on previous in vitro and ex vivo studies, neuroligin-1 (NL1) has been suggested to play a selective role in the function of glutamatergic synapses. However, the role of NL1 has not yet be...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-013-0636-1
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The functional specificity of brain areas is diminished with age and accompanied by the recruitment of additional brain regions in healthy older adults. This process has repeatedly been demonstrated within distinct functional domains, in particular the visual system. However, it is yet unclear, whether this phenomenon...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-013-0530-x
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are Zn(2+)-dependent endopeptidases considered to be essential for normal brain development and neuroplasticity by modulating extracellular matrix proteins, receptors, adhesion molecules, growth factors and cytoskeletal proteins. Specifically, MMP-3 has recently been implicated in syna...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-014-0819-4
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) are highly interconnected telencephalic areas critical for cognitive processes, including associative learning and decision making. Both structures strongly innervate the lateral hypothalamus (LHA), an important component of the networks underlying the control of feedin...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-015-1081-0
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emergence of advanced network analysis techniques utilizing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) has enabled a more comprehensive understanding of neurological disorders at a whole-brain level. However, inferring brain connectivity from R-fMRI is a challenging task, particularly when the ultima...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-013-0524-8
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence suggests that besides its function in early facial feature processing, the role of the right occipital face area (rOFA) extends to higher level, image-independent processing. Recent studies hint at the possibility that the activity of this region can be modulated by semantic information as well. ...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-018-1768-0
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work in the precocious rodent Octodon degus has shown that exposure to early life stress (ELS) (induced by repeated parental separation) results in changes of excitatory, inhibitory and modulatory transmitter systems in prefrontal and limbic regions of the male brain. The aim of this study was to test the hyp...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-013-0688-2
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frontotemporal cortical network is associated with behaviours such as impulsivity and aggression. The health of the uncinate fasciculus (UF) that connects the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) with the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) may be a crucial determinant of behavioural regulation. Behavioural changes can emerge afte...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-015-1012-0
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), a cholinergic nucleus of the reticular activating system, is known to be involved in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. Endogenous and exogenous cannabinoids, by systemic or local administration to the pedunculopontine nucleus, can both influence sleep. We previously demonstra...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-016-1214-0
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emerging data support roles for microRNA (miRNA) in the pathogenesis of various neurologic disorders including epilepsy. MicroRNA-134 (miR-134) is enriched in dendrites of hippocampal neurons, where it negatively regulates spine volume. Recent work identified upregulation of miR-134 in experimental and human epilepsy....
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-014-0798-5
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is a congenital condition associated with wide-ranging emotional and social impairments often overlapping with the diagnostic criteria for autism. Mapping functional connectivity in the acallosal brain can help identify neural correlates of the deficits associated with this condi...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-014-0948-9
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Von Economo's neurons (VENs) are large, bipolar or corkscrew-shaped neurons located in layers III and V of the frontoinsular and the anterior cingulate cortices. VENs are reported to be altered in pathologies such as frontotemporal dementia and autism, in which the individual's self control is seriously compromised. T...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-012-0382-9
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal brain lesions cause deficits in structure and function of the cerebral cortex that sometimes are not fully expressed until adolescence. To better understand the onset and persistence of changes caused by postnatal day 7 (P7) ethanol treatment, we examined neocortical cell numbers, volume, surface area and thi...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-019-01881-1
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal replacement in the pallial song control nucleus HVC of adult zebra finches constitutes an interesting case of homeostatic plasticity; in spite of continuous addition and attrition of neurons in ensembles that code song elements, adult song remains remarkably invariant. New neurons migrate into HVC and later s...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-015-1006-y
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The striosome (or patch) was first identified with anatomical techniques as neurons organized in a three-dimensional labyrinth inserted in and interdigitating the rest of neostriatum: the matrix. Striosome and matrix rapidly became known as two neuronal compartments expressing different biochemical markers, embryonic ...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-015-1000-4
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ambulatory locomotion in the rodent is robustly activated by unilateral infusions into the basal forebrain of type A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor antagonists, such as bicuculline and picrotoxin. The present study was carried out to better localize the neuroanatomical substrate(s) underlying this effect. To accompl...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-013-0514-x
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 30-amino acid peptide Y-P30, generated from the N-terminus of the human dermcidin precursor protein, has been found to promote neuronal survival, cell migration and neurite outgrowth by enhancing the interaction of pleiotrophin and syndecan-3. We now show that Y-P30 activates Src kinase and extracellular signal-re...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-014-0764-2
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Similar to memory formation, memory extinction is also a new learning process that requires synaptic plasticity. Actin rearrangement is fundamental for synaptic plasticity, however, whether actin rearrangement in the infralimbic cortex (IL) plays a role in memory extinction, as well as the mechanisms underlying it, re...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-013-0685-5
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substance used during adolescent period increases the risk of psychiatric disorders in later life, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesize that synaptic remodeling and changes of homeostasis in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) following adolescent cocaine exposure may last for a long tim...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-017-1590-0
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopaminergic neuromodulation is critically important for brain and cognitive integrity. The DRD2/ANKK1 Taq1A polymorphism is associated with striatal dopamine (DA) D2 receptor availability. Some previous studies have found that the A allele of the Taq1A polymorphism influences brain structure, but the results are inco...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-018-1650-0
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing evidence indicates that physical exercise increases hippocampal volume. This has consistently been shown in mice and men using magnetic resonance imaging. On the other hand, histological studies have reported profound alterations on a cellular level including increased adult hippocampal neurogenesis after exer...
journal_title:Brain structure & function
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00429-014-0976-5
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00