Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The Social Anxiety Questionnaire (SAQ) was designed to assess five dimensions of social anxiety as posited by the Clark and Wells' (1995; Clark, 2001) cognitive model. METHODS:The development of the SAQ involved generation of an item pool, followed by a verification of content validity and the theorized factor structure (Study 1). The final version of the SAQ was then assessed for reliability, temporal stability (test re-test reliability), and construct, criterion-related, and contrasted-group validity (Study 2, 3, and 4). RESULTS:Following a systematic process, the results provide support for the SAQ as reliable, and both theoretically and empirically valid measure. A five-factor structure of the SAQ verified and replicated through confirmatory factor analyses reflect five dimensions of social anxiety: negative self-processing; self-focused attention and self-monitoring; safety behaviours; somatic and cognitive symptoms; and anticipatory and post-event rumination. LIMITATIONS:Results suggest that the SAQ possesses good psychometric properties, while recognizing that additional validation is a required future research direction. It is important to replicate these findings in diverse populations, including a large clinical sample. CONCLUSIONS:The SAQ is a promising measure that supports social anxiety as a multidimensional construct, and the foundational role of self-focused cognitive processes in generation and maintenance of social anxiety symptoms. The findings make a significant contribution to the literature, moreover, the SAQ is a first instrument that offers to assess all, proposed by the Clark-Wells model, specific cognitive-affective, physiological, attitudinal, and attention processes related to social anxiety.
journal_name
J Affect Disordjournal_title
Journal of affective disordersauthors
Łakuta Pdoi
10.1016/j.jad.2018.05.036subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-10-01 00:00:00pages
233-243eissn
0165-0327issn
1573-2517pii
S0165-0327(18)30038-7journal_volume
238pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Neurokinin 1 receptors (NK-1R) have been involved in several psychiatric disorders including major depression, but less is known for bipolar disorder (BD). METHOD:We compared NK-1R expression and Substance P (SP) ability to induce NF-κB activation in monocytes from BD patients and healthy donors (HD), also ...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.013
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is essential to identify factors associated with depression as it is a highly prevalent and disabling mental disorder. The aim of this study was to examine the association between depressive symptoms and household food security status among the Canadian adult population. METHODS:This is a cross-sectional...
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更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.034
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism has been associated both with depression and aggression/hostility. The multidirectional association between depression, aggression and the s allele may be important, since all these phenomena are related to suicidal behavior. Our aim was to investigate the association between 5-HTTLP...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.03.029
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Depression often co-occurs in late-life in the context of declining cognitive functions, but it is not clear whether specific depression symptom dimensions are differentially associated with cognitive abilities. METHODS:The study sample comprised 3107 community-dwelling older adults from the Longitudinal Ag...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.05.027
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genetic studies have been consistent that bipolar disorder type I (BPI) runs in families and that this familial aggregation is strongly influenced by genes. In a preliminary study, we proved that anxiety trait meets endophenotype criteria for BPI. METHODS:We assessed 619 individuals from the Central Valley ...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.019
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Associations between physical activity (PA) and subclinical anxiety disorder symptoms and status, and potential mediating effect of social physique anxiety (SPA), remain understudied. We examined associations between PA and analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder (AGAD), analogue Social Anxiety Disorder (ASAD)...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.163
更新日期:2020-12-30 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.02.010
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2003.11.008
更新日期:2004-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder in deliberate self-harm (DSH) patients and in those who commit suicide. The aim of this study was to examine the treatment received by DSH patients with depression and their progress following DSH. METHODS:A representative sample of 106 patients with an ICD...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(01)00317-2
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2010.10.019
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.10.001
更新日期:2013-04-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.058
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.08.005
更新日期:2013-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::Narrow definitions of schizophrenia increase homogeneity at the expense of leaving unclassified many patients with shizophrenic symptoms. Family history and follow-up studies indicate that many such patients ought to be classified with those having affective disorders. This study determines morbid risks for affective ...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0327(79)90020-x
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The relationship between early adverse life events and later internalizing problems could be mediated by DNA methylation. Adversity has been associated with higher methylation levels in the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) and the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) in adolescents. We investigated cross-...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.056
更新日期:2015-07-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUNDS:Several cross-sectional studies suggested a link between endometriosis and mood disorders. However, the temporal association between endometriosis and mood disorders (depression and anxiety disorders) is still unclear. METHODS:Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 10,439 women with ...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.10.030
更新日期:2016-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::41 patients who took part in a withdrawal programme from long-term treatment with diazepam in a controlled clinical trial were followed up five years later. Assessments were made of outcome derived from clinical symptomatology, formal psychiatric diagnosis, psychotropic drug use and frequency of contact with both prim...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0327(92)90109-j
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighty-six patients suffering from nonpsychotic unipolar major depressive disorder, according to Research Diagnostic Criteria, were rated on a modified Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRS). All completed the self-rating Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Distal colon motility (dcm) studies, performed in all the pa...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.06.020
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.047
更新日期:2018-08-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2009.12.014
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.11.015
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0327(93)90025-f
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.050
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of the research was to assess the consensus of clinicians about the appropriate treatments for depression and anxiety in youth, to discover any major differences between clinicians' beliefs and those of young people and their parents, and to assess whether clinicians' beliefs were consistent with cli...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2008.02.021
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00