Pneumocystis carinii is not a major cause of pneumonia in HIV infected patients in Lusaka, Zambia.

abstract：:A study was carried out to assess the patterns of resistance and occurrence of DHFR/DHPS genotypes of Plasmodium falciparum prior to the adoption of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in Tanzania. Children under five years (n = 117) with clinical, uncomplicated malaria wer...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Eriksen J,Mwankusye S,Mduma S,Kitua A,Swedberg G,Tomson G,Gustafsson LL,Warsame M

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：Background:After new analysis, Sanofi Pasteur now recommends their dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia) should only be given to individuals previously infected with dengue and the World Health Organization's recommendations regarding its use are currently being revised. As a result, the potential costs of performing large-scale ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Turner HC,Wills BA,Rahman M,Quoc Cuong H,Thwaites GE,Boni MF,Clapham HE

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rotavirus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in faecal specimens collected from two (1.35%) of 148 marsupials trapped in the Amazon jungle environment. The positive samples were both from the "common opossum", Didelphis marsupialis. No infections were found in the stools of 198 animals belonging to othe...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Linhares AC,Pereira JD,Nakauth CM,Gabbay YB

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：Background:In Nigeria, little is known about the development of new or additional physical disability during leprosy treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and evaluate factors associated with worsening of physical disability during leprosy treatment in Nigeria. Methods:This was a retro...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Chukwu JN,Ekeke N,Nwafor CC,Meka AO,Alphonsus C,Mbah OK,Eze CC,Ukwaja KN

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Healthcare-associated infections pose a major, yet often preventable risk to patient safety. Poor hand hygiene among healthcare personnel and unsanitary hospital environments may contribute to this risk in low-income settings. We aimed to describe hand hygiene behaviour and environmental contamination by sea...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Tang K,Berthé F,Nackers F,Hanson K,Mambula C,Langendorf C,Marquer C,Isanaka S

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The state of Rio de Janeiro has been important since 1986 as a portal for the introduction of dengue virus (DENV) into Brazil and dissemination of the virus throughout the country. This study describes an active surveillance of DENV in the state of Rio de Janeiro from 2004 to 2008. METHOD:A total of 14 408 ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Macedo GA,de Araújo JM,Schatzmayr HG,Costa FA,de Filippis AM,Santos FB,Nogueira RM

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile is the most commonly identified bacterial cause of nosocomial and HIV-related diarrhea. In many developing countries, antibiotic access is unregulated. Nigeria has the third highest HIV burden worldwide. Due to perceptions of low prevalence and resource incapacity, patients with diarrhea are not ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Onwueme K,Fadairo Y,Idoko L,Onuh J,Alao O,Agaba P,Lawson L,Ukomadu C,Idoko J

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In French Guiana, American cutaneous leishmaniasis is localized in the skin. The host response appears to be effective since few extra- or intracellular organisms can be found in tissue lesions, and we never observed any cutaneous dissemination or visceral involvement. However, this response is not fully effective sin...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Ridel PR,Esterre P,Dedet JP,Pradinaud R,Santoro F,Capron A

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia pahangi were killed by the chewing action of the cibarial and pharyngeal armatures and other papillae and spines in the fore-gut of mosquitoes. The proportion of ingested microfilariae that were killed was largely dependent on the presence and shape of the cibarial arma...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： McGreevy PB,Bryan JH,Oothuman P,Kolstrup N

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The involvement of the lung in 13 cases of human visceral leishmaniasis was studied. Interstitial pneumonitis with mononuclear cells was found in 76.8% of the cases; 53.8% also had foci of septal fibrosis. Leishmania were seen within macrophages in 3 cases only. However, all 10 interstitial pneumonitis cases showed PA...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Duarte MI,da Matta VL,Corbett CE,Laurenti MD,Chebabo R,Goto H

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a disfiguring parasitic disease and one of the leading causes of disability in the world. This study aimed to assess the severity of lymphoedema, the physical restrictions and socio-economic impact on affected individuals living in an endemic community in Malawi. METHODS:In a si...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Martindale S,Mkwanda SZ,Smith E,Molyneux D,Stanton MC,Kelly-Hope LA

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：Background:Chronic hepatitis B infection affects 240 million people, with the highest prevalence in Africa and Asia, and results in 700 000 deaths annually. Access to diagnostics, particularly for hepatitis B virus viral load quantification (HBV DNA), is a major barrier to treatment. We aimed to test World Health Organ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Laing N,Tufton H,Ochola E,P'Kingston OG,Maini MK,Easom N

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) as a cause of diarrhoea in eastern Indonesia was investigated in 74 children during the dry season in Ujung Pandang. Six of the children less than five years old with diarrhoea were infected with ETEC. One child was infected with tetracycline-resistant bacteria...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Maidin MA

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin disease is among the most frequent causes of morbidity in Ethiopia, showing high prevalence in the general population and being the sixth most frequent cause of outpatient visits nationwide to health facilities. This study was aimed at describing skin disease patterns in Tigray region, northern Ethiopia through a...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Accorsi S,Barnabas GA,Farese P,Padovese V,Terranova M,Racalbuto V,Morrone A

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaysian, British and New Zealand soldiers were tested for evidence of infection with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi after several weeks' exposure to the infection during field exercises in Malaysia. 39 (5.0%) of 787 British and New Zealand soldiers developed immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) to R. tsutsugamushi to a titre ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Brown GW,Shirai A,Groves MG

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A retrospective cohort study of mortality rates and potential predictors of death was conducted in public-sector patients initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) between October 2005 and September 2007 in a rural, under-resourced region of South Africa. The aims were to determine the relative contribut...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： MacPherson P,Moshabela M,Martinson N,Pronyk P

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibody responses were measured in a volunteer infected four times with Necator americanus over a 27-month period. The main source of antigen was culture fluid in which living adult N. americanus had been maintained for several days. Antibodies to worm acetylcholinesterase and IgE antibodies were detected only with t...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Ogilvie BM,Bartlett A,Godfrey RC,Turton JA,Worms MJ,Yeates RA

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spread of chloroquine resistance throughout the world poses a major problem in combating malaria. In the present study, an efficient polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR--SSCP)-based assay detected the PfCRT K76T point mutation, which is a marker for chloroquine resistance. For ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Mishra S,Raj DK,Hazra RK,Dash AP,Supakar PC

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among many other factors, malaria plays a major causative role of anaemia globally. The mechanisms leading to anaemia in the course of malaria are extremely diverse, involving immunological factors that act differently according to age and malaria epidemiology. The malaria-attributable fraction of anaemia may then dif...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Castelli F,Sulis G,Caligaris S

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in patients with short duration of cough was determined. Ninety-eight adult out-patients (60 men, 38 women; mean age 32 years) at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi, who had cough for 1-3 weeks which was unresponsive to a course of antibiotics, were succes...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Banda HT,Harries AD,Welby S,Boeree MJ,Wirima JJ,Subramanyam VR,Maher D,Nunn PA

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial flora of the upper intestine has been examined in symptomatic expatriate adults with mild tropical malabsorption, without steatorrhoea, persisting for many months after return to a western environment. Seven of the 11 patients had enterobacteria in luminal fluid or mucosal samples in numbers ranging from...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Tomkins AM,Wright SG,Drasar BS

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data on malaria transmission intensity and prevalences of asexual parasites and of gametocytes were obtained in an urban district of Yaoundé, Cameroon. The transmission level from mosquito to human was determined by indoor night capture of mosquitoes on human volunteers, revealing a calculated entomological inoculatio...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： van der Kolk M,Tebo AE,Nimpaye H,Ndombol DN,Sauerwein RW,Eling WM

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe here a method, potentially suitable for field applications, for semi-quantitative detection of Mycobacterium leprae antigens in skin scrapings, which are taken normally for smear microscopy. Thirty acid-fast bacilli-negative paucibacillary (PB) leprosy patients comprised the main study group; eight acid-fa...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Chaturvedi V,Girdhar BK,Sengupta U,Sinha S

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neglected tropical disease (NTD) agenda should include a focus on disability when 'planning for the next decade of progress'. Millions of people are currently living with the disabling consequences of NTDs and mental health conditions are frequent among people living with NTDs. Stigma around NTDs is also common. H...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Kuper H

更新日期：2020-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:A 'non-blind' randomized hand washing intervention study was conducted in a low socioeconomic community in Rangoon to determine if hand washing by 494 children under 5 years old and their mothers could reduce the incidence of diarrhoea and dysentery in these children. Children and mothers in the intervention group wer...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Aung Myo Han,Thein Hlaing

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anthropometric measurements were made and serum iron and ferritin levels determined in a group of Gambian children at the beginning of the rainy season and these findings were related to the malaria experience of the children during the following malaria transmission season. Susceptibility to malaria was not correlate...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Snow RW,Byass P,Shenton FC,Greenwood BM

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper is a report of the first year of follow-up on 250 pre-school children in a village in Ghana. The mean weight for age and the mean height for age at the start of the study, ranged between 81 and 97% and 91 and 101.4% of the median WHO reference standards respectively. Classified according to Waterlow (1973) ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Biritwum RB,Isomura S,Assoku A,Torigoe S

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mefloquine is an antimalarial drug with a 3-week elimination half-life, which has led to concerns that toxic accumulation may occur during weekly administration for long-term malaria chemoprophylaxis. Despite the endorsement of weekly mefloquine by the World Health Organization and the United States Centers for Diseas...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Pennie RA,Koren G,Crevoisier C

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four cases manifesting features characteristic of epidemic dropsy following body massage with contaminated mustard oil are reported. A transcutaneous route of absorption for the toxin (sanguinarine) resulting in epidemic dropsy has not been documented previously in man. Oil used for body massage was found to be adulte...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Sood NN,Sachdev MS,Mohan M,Gupta SK,Sachdev HP

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the number of clients attending for voluntary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing who are able to enter a trial of preventive therapy for tuberculosis, and the factors that determine who receives therapy, we studied 475 consecutive people attending for an HIV test at Lusaka's first voluntary HIV te...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Godfrey-Faussett P,Baggaley R,Mwinga A,Hosp M,Porter J,Luo N,Kelly M,Msiska R,McAdam K

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00