Abstract:
:Mefloquine is an antimalarial drug with a 3-week elimination half-life, which has led to concerns that toxic accumulation may occur during weekly administration for long-term malaria chemoprophylaxis. Despite the endorsement of weekly mefloquine by the World Health Organization and the United States Centers for Disease Control, mefloquine pharmacokinetics have been incompletely studied in subjects taking the drug once weekly for more than 4 weeks. Our objective was to study plasma mefloquine concentrations in travelers taking mefloquine 250 mg once weekly for 3 months. Multiple mefloquine concentrations were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography following the 1st, 2nd and 10th to 13th of 13 weekly doses of 250 mg mefloquine taken by 15 Canadian travellers (median age 23 years; 6 male, 14 white). Steady state was achieved in all subjects by or before the 10th dose. Mefloquine pharmacokinetic values were comparable to those previously reported by other investigators. In 7 subjects, 2 peaks of mefloquine and metabolite concentration followed ingestion, suggesting redistribution of mefloquine. Mefloquine concentration 14 d after the last dose was 74% of the level 7 d after the last dose. In conclusion, pharmacokinetic values determined by this study support mefloquine weekly dosing for long-term malaria chemoprophylaxis; toxic accumulation does not occur and weekly dosing is associated with significantly higher trough levels than 14 d dosing.
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
Pennie RA,Koren G,Crevoisier Cdoi
10.1016/0035-9203(93)90036-psubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-07-01 00:00:00pages
459-62issue
4eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract:Background:In Nigeria, little is known about the development of new or additional physical disability during leprosy treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and evaluate factors associated with worsening of physical disability during leprosy treatment in Nigeria. Methods:This was a retro...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/trstmh/try085
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1973, 2610 sera were collected from adults living in 22 localities in four states in Peninsular Malaysia and tested by IFAT for Plasmodium falciparum antibodies. A larger number of thin films were examined. The attack phase of the Malaria Eradication Programme (MEP) in these areas was started between 1968 and 1973....
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(80)90104-2
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our laboratory is characterizing Leishmania stabilates and isolates from active leishmaniasis cases. Smears and cultures from aspirates made on different dates from a single lesion on the bridge of the nose of an 18 years old Kenyan male from Nyandarua District contained Leishmania. The isolates, NLB-271 and NLB-271-I...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(93)90101-u
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the irrigated zones of North-eastern region of Afghanistan malaria transmission is sustained by A. pulcherrimus and A. hyrcanus despite many years of DDT spraying. A. hyrcanus is an exophilic and exophagic mosquito, strongly resistant to DDT. A. pulcherrimus is still largely susceptible to the insecticide but seems...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(75)90161-3
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is an urgent need for a non-toxic and low-cost treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis. We synthesised and tested in vivo an amphotericin B-poly(methacrylic acid) drug (AmB-PMA) that had previously shown in-vitro activity against Leishmania major and L. donovani parasites. Efficacy was determined using L. major fo...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.08.010
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were to identify individuals with symptomatic and/or asymptomatic infection due to Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi; to study the two types of infection, both clinically and immunologically, and to determine the prevalence rate of infection at the beginning of the study. This was a cross-s...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.06.010
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The natural host of Plasmodium knowlesi is the kra monkey, Macaca fascicularis, but this parasite, initially mistaken for P. malariae, is now infecting humans in some areas of Southeast Asia. Here we present data from experiments performed in the 1970s in which sera from a few naive M. fascicularis, taken in the cours...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.05.017
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmodium falciparum in Thailand is highly resistant to available antimalarial drugs. Artemether, a derivative of artemisinin, is a promising compound currently used to cope with this situation but the course of treatment has to be at least 5 d. An effective short treatment course of this drug is possible when used i...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(95)90549-9
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hungry Anopheles funestus females were caught in CDC light traps positioned overnight in village houses in which the occupants were protected by bed nets. The sampling was performed in six huts near Muheza, in North-eastern Tanzania, September to November 1972. Parous, unfed mosquitoes were carefully examined, usually...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(77)90086-4
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemiological coexistence of schistosomiasis and malaria is frequently observed in developing countries. Co-infection with malaria in children could influence the development of acquired immunity associated with the resistance or the pathology of schistosomiasis. In the present study, performed during May to Jun...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(03)90170-2
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To present the long-term outcome of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) patients. METHODS:An observational study of 291 MDR TB cases that were diagnosed from 1990 to 2011 at the Fukujuji Hospital in Japan. RESULTS:The frequency of relapse after cure was 3/168 (1.8%) during a mean follow-up of 4.4 year...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/tru080
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple radioisotope scanner was used in a study of liver diseases in The Gambia. Scans were of value in localizing areas for biopsy or aspiration and in defining the liver in the presence of gross ascites. Although the scan was not helpful in diagnosis it provided a measure of the size of filling defects during trea...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(85)90065-3
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recently described simple kit for isolating African trypanosomes in vitro (KIVI) was tested further with blood samples from man and other animals in Côte d'Ivoire and République du Congo. A high rate of success was achieved, with positive cultures being found 5-36 d after inoculation. The method was also of value in...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(92)90158-9
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus was first reported to have mainly haemolytic and neurotoxic physiopathological activities. Later studies demonstrated the systemic myotoxic action of the venom, characterized by the release of myoglobin from damaged skeletal muscle into serum and...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(88)90044-2
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cryptosporidium spp. are enteric parasites that infect humans and animals. In immunocompromised patients infection can be fatal. This study was conducted to identify sub-populations of Cryptosporidium hominis and C. parvum isolates from HIV-seropositive patients in Equatorial Guinea. METHODS:In a previous s...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/trstmh/tru108
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a neglected tropical disease and its diagnosis is still a challenge due to non-specific manifestations. Neuroimaging techniques are used in the diagnosis of NCC, however, due to the high cost of these methods and the advantages presented in the use of immunological tests, such as ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/traa028
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hospital-acquired complications (HACs) contribute to increased morbidity, mortality and hospital costs. However, their burden is often overlooked in resource-limited settings. We sought to determine the incidence, risk factors and effects of HACs on direct medical costs. METHODS:This was a prospective cohor...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/traa116
更新日期:2020-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Kala-azar (VL), mainly affecting infants and young children, is being increasingly reported in the south-west of Saudi Arabia, 305 cases being diagnosed in 1988. Most cases arise in scattered locations in the foothills west of the Asir mountains at altitudes between about 500 and 1000 m, although case clusters are app...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(89)90267-8
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty human strains of Leishmania infantum isolated in 1985-99 from 17 patients with repeated cutaneous, mucosal or visceral leishmaniasis episodes in Catalonia (Spain) were examined by isoenzyme electrophoresis. Six zymodemes were revealed: MON-1, MON-24, MON-28, MON-29, MON-33 and MON-34. In 2 patients 2 different z...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90235-x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four cases manifesting features characteristic of epidemic dropsy following body massage with contaminated mustard oil are reported. A transcutaneous route of absorption for the toxin (sanguinarine) resulting in epidemic dropsy has not been documented previously in man. Oil used for body massage was found to be adulte...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(85)90079-3
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) allows sensitive detection of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G against a soluble extract of Strongyloides stercoralis infective larvae. In this study, 40/40 (100%) human strongyloidiasis sera had high levels of anti-S. stercoralis IgG, but 30/40 (75%) filariasis sera, and ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(93)90477-8
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We performed a survey for taeniasis and cysticercosis among persons living in a Mexican village where Taenia solium infection in pigs was known to be enzootic. A standardized questionnaire was administered in all 577 households to obtain medical histories and information on demographic and environmental factors and on...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(94)90493-6
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::34 patients with tetanus were studied; all had normal serum proteins and albumin. Only 3 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contained cells (a few polymorphonuclear leucocytes). Protein levels in the CSF were elevated in 26 patients (76.5%); 11 cases with clinically mild tetanus had a mean CSF protein of 400 +/- 250...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(90)90053-h
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preserved sera from patients with various forms of leishmaniasis, acute and chronic Chagas's disease and from normal individuals were examined for the presence of IgG and IgA antibodies by the IFA test. The leishmanial antigen used in the IFA test was prepared from a hamster infected with the PH8 strain of Leishmania ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(81)90329-1
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The commercial dot-blot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Dip-S-Ticks dipstick test was compared with the indirect immunoperoxidase (IIP) and Weil-Felix (WF) tests for the diagnosis of scrub typhus, using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFA) as the reference standard. With a panel of 117 positive and 75 ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(97)90266-2
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A multiplex real-time PCR assay for the detection and quantification of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium DNA in faecal samples was developed and evaluated as an alternative diagnostic method to study the epidemiology of schistosomiasis. Primers and probes targeting the cytochrome c oxidase gene were designed for...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.10.011
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Union Territory of India, are home to six primitive tribes, namely the Great Andamanese, Onges, Jarawas and Sentinelese (Negrito race), and the Shompens and Nicobarese (Mongoloid race). These tribes account for about 8% of the island's population and the Nicobarese constitute >95% of t...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.04.044
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a high prevalence of primary liver cell carcinoma in the Guinea Savanna country of Nigeria, one of the highest frequencies in the world. The highest frequency of the tumour was among males aged 20 to 49 years. The clinical and laboratory findings are similar to those found in other series in Africa. Alpha1-fo...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(77)90114-6
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Antibiotic resistance is a global health crisis and irrational prescribing behaviour has been identified as a contributing factor. The current study aimed to assess the knowledge of, attitudes towards and practices regarding antibiotic prescribing of medical doctors providing free healthcare services in the ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trz137
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ochratoxin A (OA) is a naturally occurring mycotoxin with nephrotoxic properties that can contaminate plant food products. OA concentrations were assessed in commonly consumed food items in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, where chronic kidney disease is diagnosed at epidemic proportions. Ninety-eight randomly...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.04.007
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00