Abstract:
:Data on malaria transmission intensity and prevalences of asexual parasites and of gametocytes were obtained in an urban district of Yaoundé, Cameroon. The transmission level from mosquito to human was determined by indoor night capture of mosquitoes on human volunteers, revealing a calculated entomological inoculation rate of 34 infectious bites per person per year. Only Anopheles gambiae and A. funestus contributed to malaria transmission and their distribution was seasonal. Cross-sectional surveys every 2 months from July 1999 to May 2000 (n = 965) showed average annual prevalences of 35% Plasmodium falciparum asexual parasites (range 29-38%) and 4.4% gametocytes (range 0-6.7%). Prevalence of high parasitaemia (> 400 parasites/microL) and of gametocytes was seasonal. Prevalence of asexual parasitaemias and of gametocytaemias was age-dependent. The potential infectious reservoir in this area is dominated by the age group 0-15 years, representing 75% of carriers of asexual parasites (P < 0.001), 85% of carriers of high parasitaemias (P < 0.001), and 83% of gametocyte carriers (P = 0.03). Full year logistic models developed from the available data accurately predicted parasite prevalences in subsequent analyses, thus permitting a precise determination of study samples for intervention and seroepidemiology studies, and analysis of the infectious reservoir in this area.
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
van der Kolk M,Tebo AE,Nimpaye H,Ndombol DN,Sauerwein RW,Eling WMdoi
10.1016/s0035-9203(03)90059-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-07-01 00:00:00pages
375-9issue
4eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503journal_volume
97pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The association between infection with Schistosoma haematobium and various factors including water contact pattern, past history of haematuria and treatment for schistosomiasis and cercarial dermatitis was investigated in Southern Iraq. The study covered mainly primary schoolchildren in different areas of Basrah and i...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(87)90165-9
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The demographics, epidemiology, first aid, clinical management, treatment and outcome of snake bites causing no significant signs of systemic envenoming were documented in Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh, between May 1999 and October 2002. Among 884 patients admitted, 350 were systemically envenomed an...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.12.006
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leishmanial antigen in circulating immune complexes (CIC) from sera of cotton-rats experimentally infected with Leishmania donovani and visceral leishmaniasis patients (VLP) was detected using a polyethylene glycol (PEG) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PEG-ELISA). The immune complexes were precipitated in the cold ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(94)90502-9
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ochratoxin A (OA) is a naturally occurring mycotoxin with nephrotoxic properties that can contaminate plant food products. OA concentrations were assessed in commonly consumed food items in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, where chronic kidney disease is diagnosed at epidemic proportions. Ninety-eight randomly...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.04.007
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preserved sera from patients with various forms of leishmaniasis, acute and chronic Chagas's disease and from normal individuals were examined for the presence of IgG and IgA antibodies by the IFA test. The leishmanial antigen used in the IFA test was prepared from a hamster infected with the PH8 strain of Leishmania ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(81)90329-1
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The seroprevalence of toxocariasis was investigated in 1997/98 in 1009 schoolchildren (aged 5-12 years) throughout Trinidad. Infection, as measured by titre, was found to be high compared to values obtained from children in other countries. Using an excretory-secretory antigen and performing an ELISA test, it was foun...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90281-6
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficiency was tested of the Haematocrit Centrifugation Technique (HCT) and the miniature Anion-Exchange Centrifugation Technique (mAECT) for demonstrating trypanosomes in the blood of four antelopes experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense in Liberia. During simultaneous daily application of both...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(84)90244-x
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG; beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase; EC 3.2.1.30), blood urea, serum creatinine and creatinine clearance were measured in 23 patients bitten by Russell's viper (Daboia russelii siamensis), with systemic envenomation, at different time intervals after the bite during clinical obse...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90125-x
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A serological study was undertaken to determine the role of arboviruses as etiological agents of encephalitis in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Paired sera were collected during mosquito seasons in 1988-1990 from 614 patients with possible viral encephalitis in 15 regions of PRC and tested for haemagglutination...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(92)90569-x
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conventional malaria surveys based on the microscopic examination of blood do not always detect chronic, low-grade infections caused by immunity. A model incorporating differences in detectability within the host population shows how the false negative tests caused by poor detectability confound measures of prevalence...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(82)90219-x
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A seroepidemiological survey of bancroftian filariasis was carried out in 2 townships in Sri Lanka with the objectives of determining the microfilaraemia rates, dependence on age and sex, susceptibility to re-infection, effect of diethylcarbamazine therapy on serum antibodies to microfilarial surface antigens, and the...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(89)90511-7
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey of 102 blind and 218 deaf children in 2 specialized schools in Guatemala revealed distinctly different age-intensity profiles of infection with the intestinal helminth, Trichuris trichiura. In the school for the deaf, intensity (measured as eggs per gram of stool) peaked in the children 7 to 8 years old and d...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(89)90285-x
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melioidosis has never been officially reported from Cambodia. Here we report two cases, a 58-year-old male (case 1) and a 49-year-old female (case 2) who presented with respiratory illnesses featuring multiple lung abscesses. The sputum culture of both patients, taken in the framework of a laboratory-based study on ae...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0035-9203(08)70007-5
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin A supplements are reported to reduce febrile episodes of malaria and parasite counts, especially in children aged 12-36 months. Red palm oil (RPO) is a good source of vitamin A, is rich in alpha- and beta-carotene and is as effective as high-dose retinyl palmitate supplements in improving vitamin A status. In ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90312-3
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Foreign-born populations carry a significant TB burden in low-prevalence countries, composing over half of all cases in parts of Europe and North America. This study systematically reviewed evidence of risk factors for nonadherence to TB drug therapy in this group. METHODS:On 28 October 2013 MEDLINE, CINAHL...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trw025
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to estimate the importance as a public health problem of skin diseases, we investigated the prevalence and severity of skin diseases in a representative sample of children in Mali. 1817 children were randomly selected in 30 clusters by probability-proportional-to-size sampling in Koulikoro region. The mean pr...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(95)90068-3
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inadequate evaluation of vaccine coverage after mass vaccination campaigns, such as used in national measles control programmes, can lead to inappropriate public health responses. Overestimation of vaccination coverage may leave populations at risk, whilst underestimation can lead to unnecessary catch-up campaigns. Th...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.10.015
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a life-threatening tick-borne infection in Africa and Eurasia. Although knowledge of epidemiology is increasing, the global extent and risk of infection is not well described. A niche-modeling framework has been used to map the global distribution of risk for CCHF based on ana...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trv083
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are few reports of parasitic disease prevalence in the Dominican Republic. The most recent study was that by Mackie et al. (1951). Examination of purged specimens from individuals employed by two sugar plantations demonstrated generally high prevalences of a number of helminths and protozoans. We report here the...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(81)90196-6
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nutritional status, parasitic infections and general health of 801 male roadworkers living in four different areas of Kenya, namely, the highlands, coastal lowlands, Lake Victoria basin and the semiarid north-west, were investigated. Undernutrition was common in all areas but was most marked among men in the semi-...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(82)90093-1
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immune responsiveness of schistosomiasis patients was assayed longitudinally, before and for two years after chemotherapeutic treatment with praziquantel, by in vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMN) proliferation upon exposure to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), or soluble schistosomal antigenic preparations from e...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(86)90268-3
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four cases manifesting features characteristic of epidemic dropsy following body massage with contaminated mustard oil are reported. A transcutaneous route of absorption for the toxin (sanguinarine) resulting in epidemic dropsy has not been documented previously in man. Oil used for body massage was found to be adulte...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(85)90079-3
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eleven heterogeneous patients with inoperable hydatid disease were treated with high doses of oral mebendazole, up to 200 mg/kg/day for 16 to 48 weeks. Toxicity was not encountered. Despite careful assessment it proved difficult critically to evaluate the efficacy of mebendazole. In four patients chemotherapy appeared...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(82)90151-1
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and albendazole are recommended to interrupt transmission of Wuchereria bancrofti, little is known about the macrofilaricidal effect of this drug combination. Forty-seven men with W. bancrofti infection were randomly assigned to receive a single dose of either DEC alone (6 mg/kg) (n=2...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2006.04.006
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this work was to conduct an epidemiological and clinical review of 1126 cases of envenoming by spider recorded in the national notifiable diseases information system (SINAN) files of the Municipal Health Secretary of the Criciúma region, Santa Catarina State, Brazil from 1994 to 2006. This work presents a c...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.03.015
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A pole estimating, for each individual, the number of praziquantel tablets needed for treatment according to height was tested in 20 data sets (n = 25,688). In more than 98% of the cases the indicated dose was within the range that has proven efficacious and safe (30 and 60 mg/kg). ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90034-3
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The post-vaccination antibody response to both Group A and Group C meningococcal polysaccharide antigen was studied in 397 male and 359 female vaccinated persons aged between 4 and 40 years from Bauchi Town and neighbouring villages in Nigeria. No difference in response was observed between the sexes. Highest antibody...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(82)90188-2
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The safety and tolerability of primaquine (PQ) administered as a short higher-dose (30mg twice daily for 7 days) regimen in 203 Australian Defence Force personnel was evaluated in an open-label presumptive anti-relapse therapy study. No clinically significant differences were measured in the subjects' haematological a...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.07.001
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To investigate the spatial distribution of congenital syphilis (CS) and its association to social vulnerability indexes in northeast Brazil. METHODS:This was an ecological study referring to all cases of CS and CS deaths recorded in the northeast region of Brazil from 2008 to 2015. Data were obtained from t...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/traa034
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using IFAT, it has been shown that isolated egg-shells and uterine fluid of Dipetalonema viteae are the most potent antigens in heterologous systems using human sera from patients infected with Wuchereria bancrofti, Onchocerca volvulus and Loa loa, as well as in homologous systems using sera from animals infected with...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(79)90045-2
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00