Oral fluid cannabinoids in chronic frequent cannabis smokers during ad libitum cannabis smoking.

abstract：:The second programme of its kind globally, the highly successful, collaborative, productive and energizing IFDAT-International Forum for Drug and Alcohol Testing, was held in Barcelona, Spain, from 12-14 April. IFDAT was attended by over 100 delegates, conference sponsors and exhibitors from the international workplac...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Kenney J D JE,Björklöv P

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Δ(9) -Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the most commonly analyzed cannabinoid in oral fluid (OF); however, its metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) offers the advantage of documenting active consumption, as it is not detected in cannabis smoke. Analytical challenges such as low (ng/L) THCCOOH OF concentrations hampe...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Desrosiers NA,Scheidweiler KB,Huestis MA

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of the present work was (1) to develop an in situ gelling ophthalmic delivery system by combining pluronic F127 and pluronic F68, with sparfloxacin; and (2) to examine the influence of incorporating a mucoadhesive polysaccharide such as sodium hyaluronate on the healing property due to bacterial keratiti...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Nesseem DI

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several clinical-grade immunoassays exist for the specific measurement of hGH or its isoforms in blood but there is an urgent need to apply these same reliable assays to the measurement of hGH in urine as a preferred 'non-invasive' biofluid. Unfortunately, conventional hGH immunoassays cannot attain the sensitivity re...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Fredolini C,Tamburro D,Gambara G,Lepene BS,Espina V,Petricoin EF 3rd,Liotta LA,Luchini A

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolving nature of new psychoactive substances (NPS) - often referred to as 'legal highs', 'designer drugs' or 'bath salts' - presents an evolving challenge for toxicologists. Apart from the detection and identification of these compounds, further analytical challenges may arise from the presence of possible metab...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Soh YN,Elliott S

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cobalt is a well-established inducer of hypoxia-like responses, which can cause gene modulation at the hypoxia inducible factor pathway to induce erythropoietin transcription. Cobalt salts are orally active, inexpensive, and easily accessible. It is an attractive blood doping agent for enhancing aerobic performance. I...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Ho EN,Chan GH,Wan TS,Curl P,Riggs CM,Hurley MJ,Sykes D

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N-Methyl-3-phenyl-norbornan-2-amine (N-methyl-3-phenylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-amine, Camfetamine(™) ) is available from a number of online legal highs/research chemicals' vendors. Although it was developed as an analeptic by Merck in the early 1960s, it was never commercialized. However, the Association of Independent ...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Kavanagh P,Angelov D,O'Brien J,Power JD,McDermott SD,Talbot B,Fox J,O'Donnell C,Christie R

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) delta and adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinases (AMPKs) regulate the metabolic and contractile characteristics of myofibres. PPAR proteins are nuclear receptors that function as transcription factors and regulate the expression of multiple genes. AMPK...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Sanchis-Gomar F,Pareja-Galeano H,Martinez-Bello VE

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a preliminary test, four single hairs of a drug abuser were analyzed for the presence of drugs by MALDI Fourier transform mass spectrometry (MALDI-FTMS). Washed hair strains were directly fixed on a sample plate using pressure stable, double-sided adhesive tape; α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid matrix was manually sp...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Musshoff F,Arrey T,Strupat K

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hemp nuts are mature cannabis seeds obtained after shelling and that are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating functional constipation. In this work, we screened hemp nut products, classified them, and verified the legality of consuming them. A total of 18 products were purchased from Taiwan, Chin...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Chang CW,Tung CW,Tsai CC,Wu YT,Hsu MC

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this research is to validate the biomarker-based approach for the detection of doping with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in sport. The GH-2000 project proposed an indirect method for the detection of exogenously administered growth hormone (GH) based on the measurement of the GH-dependent mark...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Jing J,Zhou X,He C,Zhang L,Yang S,Xu Y,Xie M,Yan Y,Su H,Wu M

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A rapid and sensitive method involving liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) coupled to an intracerebral microdialysis technique was developed for the determination and pharmacokinetic investigation of tramadol and its major active metabolite O-desmethyltramadol (ODT) in rat brain....

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Liu M,Wang P,Yu X,Dong G,Yue J

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an earlier study, we developed two sensitive and reliable procedures for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of methylhexaneamine (MHA) in P. graveolens plant materials and volatile oils. None of the analyzed plant materials or oils sho...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： ElSohly MA,Gul W,Tolbert C,ElSohly KM,Murphy TP,Avula B,Chittiboyina AG,Wang M,Khan IA,Yang M,Guo D,Zhang WD,Su J

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fast and unequivocal drug detection is of considerable importance in numerous fields of analytical chemistry, and today mass spectrometry-based approaches are often the method of choice due to their sensitive and specific nature. Mass spectrometry is in constant flux with innovations and thus supports the development ...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Thevis M,Volmer DA

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapeutic drug concentrations measured in plasma are of limited value as reference intervals for interpretation in post-mortem (PM) toxicology. In this study, drug concentration distributions were studied in PM femoral venous blood from 57 903 Finnish autopsy cases representing all causes of death during an 11-year ...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Launiainen T,Ojanperä I

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The advent of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), with the sensitivity it confers, permits the analysis of both phase I and II drug metabolites that in the past would have been difficult to target using other techniques. These metabolites may have relevance to current analytical toxicology emplo...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Turfus SC,Braithwaite RA,Cowan DA,Parkin MC,Smith NW,Kicman AT

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tretoquinol (trimetoquinol), a β2-agonist, has been explicitly listed on the World Anti-Doping Agency Prohibited List 2019 since January 2019; however, it has been distributed as an antiasthmatic on the medical market. This study aimed to develop a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for the quantif...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Okano M,Miyamoto A,Sato M,Kageyama S

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) combination is an anaesthetic drug commonly used in veterinary medicine. It is an equal amount combination of tiletamine, a dissociative anaesthetic pharmacologically classified as an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, and zolazepam, a benzodiazepine tranquilizer. There are ...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： de la Peña JB,Cheong JH

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Erythropoietin (EPO) has been misused in sports for many years due to its performance-enhancing effect. In the last decade, detection of abuse has been possible with isoelectric focusing (IEF) based on the different isoform profiles of endogenous and recombinant EPO. The release of new EPOs on the market, such as the ...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Dehnes Y,Hemmersbach P

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prenylamine is a vasodilator of phenylalkylamine structure and was used for the treatment of angina pectoris, until reports of undesirable effects including ventricular tachycardia led to a decreasing use of the drug in the 1980s. Metabolic N-dealkylation of orally ingested prenylamine can liberate amphetamine in huma...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Beuck S,Sigmund G,Koch A,Schänzer W,Pokrywka A,Kwiatkowska D,Thevis M

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Xenon is a modern inhalative anaesthetic with a very low solubility in tissues providing rapid elimination and weaning from anaesthesia. Besides its anaesthetic properties, Xenon promotes the endogenous erythropoietin biosynthesis and thus has been enlisted as prohibited substance by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Schaefer MS,Piper T,Geyer H,Schneemann J,Neukirchen M,Thevis M,Kienbaum P

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Even though hair analysis often seems to be the best choice for retrospective monitoring of cocaine intake, differentiating between incorporated cocaine and external contamination is widely debated. In this study we report results obtained in 90 hair samples from addicts. All samples were analyzed for cocaine, benzoyl...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Gambelunghe C,Rossi R,Aroni K,Gili A,Bacci M,Pascali V,Fucci N

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence of the continuous rise of novel doping agents and novel doping strategies calls for the development of more accurate multi-target screening methods. Direct multi-target screening approaches are restricted to the targeted substances and their turnover. The development of effective "indirect" screening methods ...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Narduzzi L,Dervilly G,Audran M,Le Bizec B,Buisson C

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic cannabinoids are a group of psychoactive drugs presently widespread among drug users in Europe. Analytical methods to measure these compounds in urine are in demand as urine is a preferred matrix for drug testing. For most synthetic cannabinoids, the parent compounds are rarely detected in urine. Therefore u...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Vikingsson S,Gréen H,Brinkhagen L,Mukhtar S,Josefsson M

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the field of natural extracts, research generally focuses on the study of their biological activities for food, cosmetic, or pharmacological purposes. The evaluation of their adverse effects is often overlooked. In this study, the extracts of Thymus vulgaris L. were obtained by two different extraction methods. Int...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Benourad F,Kahvecioglu Z,Youcef-Benkada M,Colet JM

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Harm reduction services, including needle-exchange programmes, have been implemented in Switzerland for over 20 years. Their main aim is to lessen the negative social and/or physical consequences associated with illicit drug consumption and, therefore, improve prevention messages. To this end, knowledge of illicit dru...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Lefrançois E,Augsburger M,Esseiva P

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flubromazolam is a triazole benzodiazepine with high potency and long-lasting central nervous system depressant effects; however, limited data about its pharmacokinetics are available. Here, we report in vitro studies of the human flubromazolam metabolism analyzed by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrom...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Noble C,Mardal M,Bjerre Holm N,Stybe Johansen S,Linnet K

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate on-site devices to screen for drug intake are critical for establishing whether an individual is driving under the influence of drugs (DUID); however, on-site oral fluid (OF) cocaine device performance is variable. We evaluated the performance of a newly developed benzoylecgonine (BE) test-strip for the Draeg...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Ellefsen KN,Concheiro M,Pirard S,Gorelick DA,Huestis MA

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-protein coding transcripts involved in many cellular and physiological mechanisms. Recently, a new class of miRNA called 'circulating miRNAs' was found in cell-free body fluids such as plasma and urine. Circulating miRNAs have been shown to be very stable, specific, and sensitive biom...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Leuenberger N,Jan N,Pradervand S,Robinson N,Saugy M

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulfate metabolites have been described as long-term metabolites for some anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). 4-chlorometandienone (4Cl-MTD) is one of the most frequently detected AAS in sports drug testing and it is commonly detected by monitoring metabolites excreted free or conjugated with glucuronic acid. Sulfatio...

journal_title：Drug testing and analysis

authors： Balcells G,Gómez C,Garrostas L,Pozo ÓJ,Ventura R

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00