Abstract:
:In the field of natural extracts, research generally focuses on the study of their biological activities for food, cosmetic, or pharmacological purposes. The evaluation of their adverse effects is often overlooked. In this study, the extracts of Thymus vulgaris L. were obtained by two different extraction methods. Intraperitoneal injections of both extracts were given daily for four days to male Wistar Han rats, at two different doses for each extract. The evaluation of the potential toxic effects included histopathological examination of liver, kidney, and lung tissues, as well as serum biochemistry of liver and kidney parameters, and (1)H-NMR-based metabonomic profiles of urine. The results showed that no histopathological changes were observed in the liver and kidney in rats treated with both extracts of thyme. Serum biochemical investigations revealed significant increases in blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid in animals treated with polyphenolic extract at both doses. In these latter groups, metabonomic analysis revealed alterations in a number of urine metabolites involved in the energy metabolism in liver mitochondria. Indeed, the results showed alterations of glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and β-oxidative pathways as evidenced by increases in lactate and ketone bodies, and decreases in citrate, α-ketoglutarate, creatinine, hippurate, dimethylglycine, and dimethyalanine. In conclusion, this work showed that i.p. injection of repeated doses of thyme extracts causes some disturbances of intermediary metabolism in rats. The metabonomic study revealed interesting data which could be further used to determine the cellular pathways affected by such treatments.
journal_name
Drug Test Analjournal_title
Drug testing and analysisauthors
Benourad F,Kahvecioglu Z,Youcef-Benkada M,Colet JMdoi
10.1002/dta.1606subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-10-01 00:00:00pages
1069-75issue
10eissn
1942-7603issn
1942-7611journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::An orthogonal signal correction-partial least squares (OSC-PLS) method was developed for the simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of orotic acid (OA), creatinine (CRE), and uric acid (UA) in spiked real samples. By multivariate calibration methods, such as PLS regression, it is possible to obtain a model adju...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.375
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-protein coding transcripts involved in many cellular and physiological mechanisms. Recently, a new class of miRNA called 'circulating miRNAs' was found in cell-free body fluids such as plasma and urine. Circulating miRNAs have been shown to be very stable, specific, and sensitive biom...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.370
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In doping control analysis, the characterization of urinary steroid metabolites is of high interest for a targeted and long-term detection of prohibited anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). In this work, the structure of a long-term metabolite of dehydrochloromethyltestosterone (DHCMT) was elucidated. Altogether, 8 pos...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2385
更新日期:2018-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::A new and sensitive multi-residue method (MRM) with detection by LC-MS/MS was developed and validated for the screening, determination, and confirmation of residues of 7 nitroimidazoles and 3 of their metabolites in turkey muscle tissues at concentrations ≥ 0.05 ng/g. The compounds were extracted into a solvent with a...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.1356
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) delta and adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinases (AMPKs) regulate the metabolic and contractile characteristics of myofibres. PPAR proteins are nuclear receptors that function as transcription factors and regulate the expression of multiple genes. AMPK...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.1587
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Harm reduction services, including needle-exchange programmes, have been implemented in Switzerland for over 20 years. Their main aim is to lessen the negative social and/or physical consequences associated with illicit drug consumption and, therefore, improve prevention messages. To this end, knowledge of illicit dru...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2335
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synthetic cannabinoids are a group of psychoactive drugs presently widespread among drug users in Europe. Analytical methods to measure these compounds in urine are in demand as urine is a preferred matrix for drug testing. For most synthetic cannabinoids, the parent compounds are rarely detected in urine. Therefore u...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.1896
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work presents an analytical procedure for the identification and characterization of liposome-entrapped haemoglobins, based on flow cytofluorimetry. Flow cytofluorimetric detection is carried out following labelling by two distinct fluorescent reagents, an anti-haemoglobin antibody, fluorescein isothiocyanate con...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.1956
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The availability of a real-time assay to experimentally investigate the release of encapsulated proteins would be beneficial given the interest in the use of liposomes as a drug delivery vehicle. Although simple assays for small molecular weight substances exist, assays to evaluate macromolecules do not. Here we descr...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2332
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::MSforID represents a database of tandem mass spectral data obtained from (quasi-)molecular ions produced by atmospheric pressure ionization methods. At the current stage of development the library contains 12 122 spectra of 1208 small (bio-)organic molecules. The present work was aimed to evaluate the performance of t...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.341
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Triamcinolone (T) is a glucocorticoid commonly used to relieve inflammation and treat arthritis, severe allergies, and asthma; however, it is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency in competition for athletes when administered orally, intravenously, intramuscularly, or rectally. The minimum required performance limit ...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2343
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Classic examples of psychoactive arylcycloalkylamines include ketamine and 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine (PCP) and many others serve as important structural templates for neuropharmacological research. The recent emergence of PCP analogues that can be obtained from internet retailers requires the implementation of ...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.1468
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Doping with natural steroids can be detected by evaluating the urinary concentrations and ratios of several endogenous steroids. Since these biomarkers of steroid doping are known to present large inter-individual variations, monitoring of individual steroid profiles over time allows switching from population-based to...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.206
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The high frequency of the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) emergence renders this group of new psychoactive compounds particularly demanding in terms of detection, identification, and responding. Without the available reference material, one of the specific problems is differentiation and structure eluc...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2573
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral fluid (OF) offers a simple, non-invasive, directly observable sample collection for clinical and forensic drug testing. Given that chronic cannabis smokers often engage in drug administration multiple times daily, evaluating OF cannabinoid pharmacokinetics during ad libitum smoking is important for practical deve...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.1718
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and piperaquine (PPQ) are two drugs used in an artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). The circulation of counterfeit antimalarial drugs demands the development of simple, point-of-care (POC) tests for monitoring drug quality. Here we aimed to design an antibody-based lateral flow dipstic...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2656
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) has been used as a recreational drug since the 1990s and over the last few years there has been increasing use of its analogues gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) and to a lesser extent 1,4-butanediol (1,4BD). This review will summarize the literature on the pharmacology of these compounds; the patt...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/dta.292
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical and forensic toxicology laboratories are continuously confronted by analytical challenges when dealing with the new psychoactive substances phenomenon. The number of synthetic cannabinoids, the chemical diversity, and the speed of emergence make this group of compounds particularly challenging in terms of det...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2160
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The determination of protein- or peptide-based performance-enhancing pharmaceuticals has gained increasing attention in sports drug testing in recent decades. Proteases possess a high potential for use in the manipulation of regular urine specimens, interfering with established doping control procedures for proteins o...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.20
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meconium drug testing is a non-invasive method to detect prenatal drug exposure, which can cause severe problems for the infant, indicating the need for follow-up measures to ensure the welfare of the child. Meconium samples for drug testing were collected from 143 infants as part of routine clinical work among addict...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1002/dta.1459
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Italy, Workplace Drug Testing (WDT) has been compulsory by law for specific categories of workers since 2008, offering the opportunity to compare studies conducted within a single regulatory framework. The aims of this paper are to estimate the overall prevalence of WDT positivity (at screening survey) among Italia...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/dta.2189
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The widespread use of antibiotics in animals is causing concerns about the growing risk for development and the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Antibiotic consumption is higher in animals than in humans as reported in a joint publication of EFSA (European Food Safety Agency), ECDC (European Centre for Disease...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2010
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this research is to validate the biomarker-based approach for the detection of doping with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in sport. The GH-2000 project proposed an indirect method for the detection of exogenously administered growth hormone (GH) based on the measurement of the GH-dependent mark...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.1423
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Δ(9) -Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the most commonly analyzed cannabinoid in oral fluid (OF); however, its metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) offers the advantage of documenting active consumption, as it is not detected in cannabis smoke. Analytical challenges such as low (ng/L) THCCOOH OF concentrations hampe...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.1753
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this tutorial we describe the construction of chemiluminescence detectors for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), comprising the components required to deliver the chemiluminescence reagent, a coiled-tubing flow cell, photomultiplier tube and detector housing, and various options for data acquisition. We...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.132
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) administration has been widely studied for anti-doping purposes in men, whereas only a few studies have been performed in women. In the present study, the impact of DHEA on the steroid profile parameters and their carbon isotopic ratios was explored. Eleven healthy young wom...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2519
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Indole-, indazole-, or azaindole-based synthetic cannabinoids (SCs), bearing a cumyl substituent are a widespread, recreationally used subgroup of new psychoactive substances (NPS). The latest cumyl-derivative, CUMYL-PEGACLONE, emerged in December 2016 on the German drug market. The substance features a novel γ-carbol...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2352
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among the recently emerged synthetic cannabinoids, MDMB-CHMICA (methyl N-{[1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]carbonyl}-3-methylvalinate) shows an extraordinarily high prevalence in intoxication cases, necessitating analytical methods capable of detecting drug uptake. In this study, the in vivo phase I metabolism of M...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2049
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The method of high sensitive gas chromatographic/time-of-flight mass-spectrometric (GC/TOF-MS) analysis of steroids was developed. Low-resolution TOF-MS instrument (with fast spectral acquisition rate) was used. This method is based on the formation of the silyl derivatives of steroids; exchange of the reagent mixture...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.221
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amphetamine (AMP) is used as an illicit drug and also for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Respective drugs most often contain the enantiomer (S)-AMP as active compound or (S)-AMP is formed from the prodrug lisdexamfetamine (Elvanse®) whereas the illicit drug is usually traded as racem...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dta.2208
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00