Heterogeneity of gestational diabetes (GDM) and long-term risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome: findings from the RADIEL study follow-up.

Abstract:

AIMS:To assess the metabolic health of obese and non-obese women at high GDM risk 5 years postpartum. METHODS:This is a secondary analysis of the 5-year follow-up of the RADIEL GDM prevention study including 333 women at high GDM risk (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and/or previous GDM). Five years postpartum metabolic health was assessed including anthropometric measurements, oral glucose tolerance test, lipid metabolism, and body composition as well as medical history questionnaires. For the analysis, we divided the women into four groups based on parity, BMI, and previous history of GDM. RESULTS:Five years postpartum impaired glucose regulation (IFG, IGT, or diabetes) was diagnosed in 15% of the women; 3.6% had type 2 diabetes. The highest prevalence was observed among obese women with a history of GDM (26%), and the lowest prevalence (8%) among primiparous obese women (p = 0.021). At follow-up 25-39% of the obese women fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for the metabolic syndrome, in the non-obese group 11% (p < 0.001). This was associated with body fat percentage. The non-obese group, however, faced metabolic disturbances (IFG, IGT, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome) at a significantly lower BMI (p < 0.001). Among women who were non-obese before pregnancy, 5 years postpartum, the obesity prevalence based on BMI was 14% and based on body fat percentage 58%. CONCLUSIONS:The prevalence of impaired glucose regulation and metabolic syndrome is high 5 years postpartum among women at high risk of GDM. There are high-risk women also among the non-obese, who develop metabolic derangements already at a lower BMI. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials.com , NCT01698385.

journal_name

Acta Diabetol

journal_title

Acta diabetologica

authors

Huvinen E,Eriksson JG,Koivusalo SB,Grotenfelt N,Tiitinen A,Stach-Lempinen B,Rönö K

doi

10.1007/s00592-018-1118-y

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-05-01 00:00:00

pages

493-501

issue

5

eissn

0940-5429

issn

1432-5233

pii

10.1007/s00592-018-1118-y

journal_volume

55

pub_type

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