Abstract：
:A network of family-based community-oriented primary health programs, or Programa Agentes Communita˙rios de Saúde, and family health programs, or Programa Saúde da Família, introduced almost 2 decades ago were the Brazilian government's health care models to restructure primary care under the Unified Health System, or Sistema Único de Saúde. The latter offers comprehensive coverage to all, although it is used by those of lower income, and despite achievement in the last quarter century, access to health services and gradients of health status continue to persist along income, educational background, racial, and religious lines.
journal_name
Neurol Clinjournal_title
Neurologic clinicsauthors
Younger DSdoi
10.1016/j.ncl.2016.06.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-11-01 00:00:00pages
1071-1083issue
4eissn
0733-8619issn
1557-9875pii
S0733-8619(16)30024-Xjournal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:In summary, PET and SPECT are versatile imaging modalities capable of providing dynamic information regarding the metabolism and physiology of brain and brain tumor. PET and SPECT are useful adjuncts to MRI and CT scanning in the important clinical areas of presurgical estimations of tumor grade. In addition, PET can ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is no single definition of pharmacoresistant (intractable, refractory) epilepsy. Prospective identification of pharmacoresistance is complicated by the variability of its appearance across different types of epilepsy and the variability of seizure control within a given patient over time. Failure of informative ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2009.06.001
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal cell replication is regulated by growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) that act through binding to specific surface receptors on target cells. Oncogenes may exert their transforming activity by encoding proteins that mimic the function of the normal regul...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapidly progressive dementias (RPDs) are neurologic conditions that develop subacutely over weeks to months or, rarely, acutely over days. In contrast to most dementing conditions that take years to progress to death, RPD quickly can be fatal. It is critical to evaluate patients who have RPD without delay, usually in ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2007.04.001
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) accounts for approximately 95% of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) produced by the cell. The central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle are highly susceptible to dysfunction of this complex enzyme system. Although most OXPHOS...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70180-8
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conventional disease-modifying agents are only moderately effective, so breakthrough disease activity is commonly seen. The evidence from randomized clinical trials and real-world observational data supporting the use of the second-line agents natalizumab, mitoxantrone, and cyclophosphamide are reviewed. Potential fut...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2010.12.005
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glycogen is a crucial source of energy in the initial stages of muscle activity and during exercise of high intensity. There are 10 well-defined biochemical defects of glycogen metabolism expressed in muscle and affecting the following enzymes: alpha 1,4 glucosidase (glycogenesis type II), debrancher enzyme (III), bra...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychiatric disorders occurring in patients with epilepsy are complications, not an essential part of the illness, and may be prevented or ameliorated. Outlined are risk factors and medical treatment and the need for education concerning epilepsy and for encouragement of the patient by the physician. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are used for their immunosuppressive effects. Neurotoxic side effects include tremor, paresthesia, and headache. Rarer neurotoxicities include seizure, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and encephalopathy. Tacrolimus tends to be more neurotoxic than cy...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2020.07.009
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recently described syndrome, disabling positional vertigo (DPV), is characterized by persistent and progressive vertigo that is always associated with nausea and occasionally with vomiting; symptoms are made worse with changes in head position and are lessened with bedrest. Patients with DPV have abnormal results on...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders that can be challenging to diagnose. This review provides a diagnostic approach based predominantly on the clinical history and neurologic examination. Laboratory testing that can be used to confirm the suspected diagnosis based on this pattern recognition approach is ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2014.04.008
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sleeping and dreaming always have been a fundamental part of human existence. Most early writing on these subjects was almost entirely speculation. During the twentieth century, however, scientific observation and experimentation abounded. This article emphasizes the evolution of the key concepts and research findings...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2005.07.001
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The oldest-old represent the fastest growing segment of society, and the risk of developing dementia continues to increase with advancing age into the 9th and 10th decades of life. The most common form of dementia in the oldest-old is Alzheimer disease (AD), although there are often mixed pathologies contributing to d...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2017.01.006
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:"Deep brain stimulation is a safe and effective therapy for the management of a variety of neurologic conditions with Food and Drug Administration or humanitarian exception approval for Parkinson disease, dystonia, tremor, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Advances in neurophysiology, neuroimaging, and technology hav...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2020.09.004
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spontaneous ICH remains a formidable disease that continues to disable and kill the majority of its victims. Treatment of the disease continues to be controversial and without any proved success, such as improvement in the disease mortality or the resulting disability in survivors. Primary prevention is the most effec...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2006.05.005
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The respiratory system and the central nervous system are interconnected in a delicate balance; disorders in this equilibrium can have devastating consequences. Respiratory dysfunction, whether acute or chronic, may cause neurologic disease, including headache, encephalopathy, and in extreme cases, coma and death. Thi...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(03)00062-8
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic injury to the posterior fossa is a complex pathologic condition because of the great heterogeneity of lesions present. Treatment of primary brain injuries and prevention of secondary brain injuries is the mainstay of management. It is imperative to recognize traumatic lesions of the posterior fossa early bec...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2014.07.010
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postherpetic pain persisting 1 month or longer occurs in only a small percentage of all patients with herpes zoster. In most patients, PHN tends to diminish with time. The incidence is, however, directly related to age. Any therapeutic claim for prophylaxis or treatment of PHN has to be evaluated with these observatio...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Overall, the majority of patients with optic pathway tumors will have stable disease regardless if they are radiated or receive chemotherapy. This is a very indolent tumor system and, for the most part, not a threat to life. Because of this, issues regarding appropriate therapeutic approaches have yet to be resolved. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The appropriate diagnosis of the patient with epilepsy is first dependent on a determination of the type of seizure. When the type of seizure has been determined, consideration must be given to the nature of the epileptic syndrome, including concerns regarding the etiology of the attacks. The gradual evolution of the ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dysphagia of ALS is characterized by an impaired oral stage of swallowing, which has a direct impact on the seemingly more robust pharyngeal stage. Increased duration of the volitional stage (PPRT) of swallowing, including DT and lingual motility deficits, appear to be the major contributors to the dysphagia. The ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Progressive muscular atrophy (PMA) is a rare, sporadic, adult-onset motor neuron disease, clinically characterized by isolated lower motor neuron features; however, clinically evident upper motor neuron signs may emerge in some patients. Subclinical upper motor neuron involvement is identified pathologically, radiolog...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2015.07.005
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Throughout pregnancy and the puerperium, a variety of hormonal and physiologic changes occur that are associated with pregnancy-specific neurologic conditions, which may also influence known preexisting medical conditions or bring previously unknown neurologic conditions to clinical attention. This article reviews the...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2012.06.003
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nerve conduction studies and needle electromyography provide important and complementary information as part of an electrodiagnostic study. Potential technical problems that are encountered during the studies may interfere with accurate and reliable acquisition of information and interpretation of the data. Recognitio...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2011.12.008
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animal and human research has clearly shown that anticonvulsants are teratogens and pose a risk for fetal malformations. In the case of dilantin it appears that fetal susceptibility correlates with the fetal level of the microsomal detoxifying enzyme epoxide hydrolase. The genetics of seizures in the parents does not ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dramatic progress has been made recently in diagnosing and treating herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE). Advances in imaging technology have greatly enhanced our ability to diagnose the illness noninvasively. Acyclovir is of proven efficacy and is generally well-tolerated. The major clinical management problem is...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2008.03.005
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postamputation phenomena, including painful and nonpainful phantom sensations occur following loss of limbs and other body parts. Peripheral and central nervous system mechanisms play a role in persistent phantom pain. Understanding the pathophysiology of this syndrome has improved in recent years. Comprehensive evalu...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70105-5
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Different types of conduction defects, avenues available for functional recovery after demyelination, therapeutic and diagnostic measures, and electrophysiologic testing are covered. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by fluctuating weakness of extraocular and proximal limb muscles. It occurs in 1 in 5000 in the overall population and is 2 times more common in women than men. The onset in women is most common in the third decade, and risk of severe exacerbation occurs most f...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2018.09.003
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most patients who have endured a stroke sustain behavioral changes, although in many instances these effects can be subtle. Although behavioral changes after a stroke tend to improve, they may persist and have serious effects on daily living activities. This article reviews the more familiar behavioral changes that fo...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2015.08.009
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
