Abstract:
:Progressive muscular atrophy (PMA) is a rare, sporadic, adult-onset motor neuron disease, clinically characterized by isolated lower motor neuron features; however, clinically evident upper motor neuron signs may emerge in some patients. Subclinical upper motor neuron involvement is identified pathologically, radiologically, and neurophysiologically in a substantial number of patients with PMA. Patients with subclinical upper motor neuron involvement do not fulfill the revised El Escorial criteria to participate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis clinical trials. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy is only marginally beneficial in a small subgroup of patients with lower motor neuron syndrome without conduction block.
journal_name
Neurol Clinjournal_title
Neurologic clinicsauthors
Liewluck T,Saperstein DSdoi
10.1016/j.ncl.2015.07.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-01 00:00:00pages
761-73issue
4eissn
0733-8619issn
1557-9875pii
S0733-8619(15)00062-6journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::This article concentrates primarily on infections of viral origin, although numerous microorganisms can infect the fetal and newborn brain (see Tables 1 and 2). Intrauterine infections occur most often for HIV, CMV and rubella, whereas HSV is preferentially transmitted intrapartum. In the last decade, changes in the e...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve agents cause a rapidly fatal cholinergic crisis, but rapid, appropriate antidotal treatment saves lives. Survivors of nerve-agent poisoning generally are healthy, unlike survivors of some other chemical agent attacks. Neurologists can assist first responders and mass casualty planners materially by serving as re...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2004.12.013
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Botulinum toxin therapy has emerged as a treatment modality for a variety of spastic- or contracture-related muscle diseases. Its safety has been proven for long-term use in the treatment of benign essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, and certain types of strabismus. Recent approval from the Federal Drug Adminis...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite important advances in the treatment of epilepsy over the past several decades, many patients remain uncontrolled. Partial complex (psychomotor) seizures are the largest problem, with less than two thirds of patients successfully managed despite optimal medication use. In these situations, various surgical proc...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The substantial societal and individual burdens associated with tension-type headache (TTH) constitute a previously overlooked major public health issue. TTH is prevalent, affecting up to 78% of the general population, and 3% suffer from chronic TTH. Pericranial myofascial nociception probably is important for the pat...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.11.010
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is no single definition of pharmacoresistant (intractable, refractory) epilepsy. Prospective identification of pharmacoresistance is complicated by the variability of its appearance across different types of epilepsy and the variability of seizure control within a given patient over time. Failure of informative ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2009.06.001
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is a syndrome of increased intracranial pressure of unknown cause that most often occurs in women of childbearing age. Most patients are overweight or obese with a history of recent weight gain. Following a brief review of the symptoms and signs, we discuss the approach to assessme...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2020.09.008
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Giant cell arteritis is a systemic vasculitis with a wide clinical spectrum, and it represents a medical emergency. Visual loss is the most feared complication, and when it happens, it tends to be profound and permanent. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are imperative to minimize potentially devastating visual loss and ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2010.03.002
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinician should be alert to the possibility of cerebrovascular disease in cancer patients who develop signs of diffuse or focal cerebral dysfunction. The cause of cerebrovascular disease can usually be determined by knowing the primary tumor type, extent of metastatic disease, and type of antineoplastic treatment...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vasculitides are diseases characterized by inflammation of blood vessels and inflammatory leukocytes in vessel walls. There is an increased propensity for ischemic stroke, resulting from compromise of vessel lumina with distal tissue ischemia; and hemorrhagic or nonhemorrhagic stroke, and aneurysmal formation and ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2019.01.004
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nosology of dementia has evolved from the simple distinctions between senility, degenerative dementia, and vascular insults that existed a few decades ago. The differentiation of normal cognitive aging from very mild dementia has sharpened considerably; however, appreciation of the heterogeneity of Alzheimer's dis...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70225-5
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of childhood epilepsy or isolated seizures deserve special consideration. Whenever possible, a working diagnosis of an epilepsy syndrome should be implemented early in the course of evaluation to help plan the necessary investigations and acute and chronic treatment. The plan w...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Communication skills are frequently regarded as innate and intuitive. Many studies, however, now show that most components of communication techniques can be taught and that these learned skills have an impact on the physician's ability to communicate. This article sets out two fundamental protocols that act as templa...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70057-8
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury is a common and complex clinical entity that deserves better and continued research on interventions and initial treatment postinjury. Current medical management of traumatic brain injury is articulated on minimizing secondary injury by optimizing cerebral perfusion and oxygenation and preventin...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.02.001
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injury to cranial nerves is a common sequela of blunt head trauma. The olfactory, facial, and audiovestibular nerves are damaged most often, followed by the optic and ocular motor nerves. The trigeminal and lower cranial nerves are rarely involved. Chances of recovery are greatest for the facial nerve, intermediate fo...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of a monoclonal protein in the serum of a patient with peripheral neuropathy raises the suspicion of systemic amyloidosis, POEMS syndrome, macroglobulinemia, multiple myeloma, or lymphoma. If these conditions are excluded, the patient is classified as having a monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined signifi...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Legal issues must be considered in caring for patients with epilepsy. Doctors caring for people with epilepsy may be legally involved in three primary ways: as the agent of social control, as patient advocate, and as the target of liability or malpractice suits. This article examines these factors and the implications...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antidepressants are the most commonly prescribed class of medications in the United States. The clinician should be mindful of the many antidepressants that can produce seizures following an accidental exposure or an overdose. A broader understanding of the seizure potential of antidepressants, combined with the abili...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2011.05.003
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) is a noninvasive, bedside, portable tool for assessment of cerebral hemodynamics. Modern TCD head frames allow continuous hands-free emboli detection for risk stratification and assessment of treatment efficacy in several cardiovascular diseases. Identifying a focal stenosis,...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2019.09.006
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In light of the potentially devastating effects of hemorrhagic stroke, it is critical that an effective treatment paradigm be defined. This report briefly reviews the various subtypes of hemorrhagic stroke, considers the indications for surgery, and discusses specific surgical treatment options. ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.06.006
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature, prevalence, and course of cognitive and emotional disturbances in multiple sclerosis (MS) are described in this article. Mild to moderate cognitive impairment is common in MS and may be more incapacitating than physical symptoms for some patients. Although existing neurologic and neuroimaging procedures ca...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since its clinical introduction in the early 1980s, MRI has transformed the practice of differential diagnosis and disease monitoring for disorders affecting the central nervous system, in particular multiple sclerosis and the allied inflammatory demyelinating diseases. Widespread and dynamic inflammatory processes of...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.09.012
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most CNS fungal infections can be divided into those that occur in normal hosts and those that occur in the immunosuppressed host. Cryptococcal infection, however, is common in both groups. The usual clinical presentation of a CNS fungal infection is chronic headache and mental status change. The CSF shows a lymphocyt...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Childhood sleep-wake disorders are common and associated with significant impairment of quality of life. The recent discovery of hypocretin deficiency as the pathophysiologic basis for narcolepsy-cataplexy is likely to spur the development of hypocretin analogs for definitive treatment [82,83]. The link between disrup...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(03)00034-3
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dramatic progress has been made recently in diagnosing and treating herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE). Advances in imaging technology have greatly enhanced our ability to diagnose the illness noninvasively. Acyclovir is of proven efficacy and is generally well-tolerated. The major clinical management problem is...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.03.005
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Supratentorial low-grade gliomas comprise a group of primary central nervous system neoplasms with characteristics of neuroglial cells (i.e., astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) and relatively low anaplastic potential, although through time they tend to behave more aggressively. Immediate surgical intervention and subseq...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of IH for 24 hours in patients who remain comatose following resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest improves outcomes. How-ever, the induction of hypothermia has several physiologic effects that need to be considered. A protocol for the rapid induction of hypothermia is described. At present, the ra...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2005.10.007
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adverse effects of fetal drug exposures are well documented. Evidence for FAS, impaired intrauterine growth, birth defects, and mental retardation related to alcohol is compelling; evidence for alcohol-induced adverse behaviors and impaired speech is tenuous. Teratogenic, cognitive, or behavioral effects associate...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research models show a strong interrelationship between sleep quality and immune function. The proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor α are classified as official sleep-regulatory substances. However, sleep-promoting properties are also possessed by several other immune and ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2012.08.007
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid tumors in children and comprise 15% to 20% of all malignancies in children. Presentation, symptoms, and signs depend on tumor location and age of the patient at the time of diagnosis. This article summarizes the common childhood CNS tumors, presen...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2018.04.009
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00