Abstract:
:Traumatic brain injury is a common and complex clinical entity that deserves better and continued research on interventions and initial treatment postinjury. Current medical management of traumatic brain injury is articulated on minimizing secondary injury by optimizing cerebral perfusion and oxygenation and preventing or treating nonneurologic morbidity. There are major medical research efforts examining the underlying mechanisms of secondary brain injury, which provides hope for effective therapies in the future. Presently, a number of promising therapeutic modalities are undergoing clinical trials, and as new pharmacologic and medical approaches are introduced, there will be increasing opportunity to treat these patients and improve their neurologic outcomes.
journal_name
Neurol Clinjournal_title
Neurologic clinicsauthors
Ling GS,Marshall SAdoi
10.1016/j.ncl.2008.02.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-05-01 00:00:00pages
409-26, viiiissue
2eissn
0733-8619issn
1557-9875pii
S0733-8619(08)00020-0journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Rapidly progressive dementias (RPDs) are neurologic conditions that develop subacutely over weeks to months or, rarely, acutely over days. In contrast to most dementing conditions that take years to progress to death, RPD quickly can be fatal. It is critical to evaluate patients who have RPD without delay, usually in ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2007.04.001
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The natural history of MS is highly variable. There is substantial heterogeneity in the clinical manifestations but, at this point, it is reasonable to consider all idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system as representing a spectrum of the same disease. In large populations, 20% to ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article concentrates primarily on infections of viral origin, although numerous microorganisms can infect the fetal and newborn brain (see Tables 1 and 2). Intrauterine infections occur most often for HIV, CMV and rubella, whereas HSV is preferentially transmitted intrapartum. In the last decade, changes in the e...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since its clinical introduction in the early 1980s, MRI has transformed the practice of differential diagnosis and disease monitoring for disorders affecting the central nervous system, in particular multiple sclerosis and the allied inflammatory demyelinating diseases. Widespread and dynamic inflammatory processes of...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.09.012
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The appropriate diagnosis of the patient with epilepsy is first dependent on a determination of the type of seizure. When the type of seizure has been determined, consideration must be given to the nature of the epileptic syndrome, including concerns regarding the etiology of the attacks. The gradual evolution of the ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disorders of the autonomic and small nerve fibers comprise a wide spectrum of disease states that cross a multitude of clinical specialties.The evaluation of these disorders allows the investigator to determine the presence or absence of abnormalities in the lightly myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers with minima...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2004.03.002
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve conduction studies and needle electromyography provide important and complementary information as part of an electrodiagnostic study. Potential technical problems that are encountered during the studies may interfere with accurate and reliable acquisition of information and interpretation of the data. Recognitio...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2011.12.008
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electronystagmography in 1990 should identify a vestibular abnormality with which to associate the clinical symptoms. The vestibular test battery method and interpretation reveals its application in neurotologic diagnosis. ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the magnitude of the problem of motor fluctuations in patients who have Parkinson's disease treated with levodopa, a significant effort has been expended by physicians, researchers, and pharmaceutical manufacturers over the years to find effective treatments. This article briefly reviews the medical options for ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.05.006
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mortality and morbidity from kidney disease and the spectrum of renal-associated neurologic disease have changed markedly since the introduction of renal dialysis and with the advent of renal transplantation. This article includes historical studies of the neurologic complications of acute uremia, now fairly uncommon,...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(03)00052-5
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animal and human research has clearly shown that anticonvulsants are teratogens and pose a risk for fetal malformations. In the case of dilantin it appears that fetal susceptibility correlates with the fetal level of the microsomal detoxifying enzyme epoxide hydrolase. The genetics of seizures in the parents does not ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemiology of vasculitis has witnessed extraordinary advances in the past decade influenced by the worldwide increased recognition and accurate classification and diagnosis of the vasculitides, and insights brought by genome-wide association studies and other genetic investigations that contribute to the underst...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2016.06.006
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sports-related concussions (SRCs) are common among athletes in the United States. Most athletes who sustain an SRC recover within 7 to 10 days; however, many athletes who sustain the injury do not recover as expected and experience prolonged, persistent symptoms. In this document, the authors provide an overview of th...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2017.03.008
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oromandibular disorders are functional disorders and associated pains in the anatomic region of the temporomandibular joint. Their diagnosis and treatment are controversial because of the lack of conformity concerning these disorders among health care providers. This article provides a clear classification of these di...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selecting appropriate laboratory tests in diagnosing peripheral neuropathies is important because it increases the yield of correct diagnoses and is cost effective. A large number of tests are available. This article provides a guide to selecting appropriate tests and reviews the clinical situations that suggest speci...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70246-2
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paraproteinemia frequently is associated with peripheral neuropathy. The clinical manifestations can be protean owing to the potential for multiple organ involvement. A methodical diagnostic approach to patients who have a plasma cell dyscrasia and neuropathy is necessary to ensure the appropriate detection of more wi...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2006.12.002
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reye syndrome has emerged as the quintessential example of an acute metabolic encephalopathy. The clinical presentation is quite stereotyped in most instances permitting rapid, accurate diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention. Intoxications and certain inborn metabolic errors may mimic Reye syndrome. All patients...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oldest-old represent the fastest growing segment of society, and the risk of developing dementia continues to increase with advancing age into the 9th and 10th decades of life. The most common form of dementia in the oldest-old is Alzheimer disease (AD), although there are often mixed pathologies contributing to d...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2017.01.006
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postherpetic pain persisting 1 month or longer occurs in only a small percentage of all patients with herpes zoster. In most patients, PHN tends to diminish with time. The incidence is, however, directly related to age. Any therapeutic claim for prophylaxis or treatment of PHN has to be evaluated with these observatio...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There should be a collaborative evaluation of a child with apparent learning disabilities. This article describes what the neurologist can expect from the other disciplines and how the services can be coordinated, using either the multidisciplinary services of a clinic or comprehensive assessment by a private practiti...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic and mitochondrial myopathies encompass a heterogeneous group of disorders that result in impaired energy production in skeletal muscle. Symptoms of premature muscle fatigue, sometimes leading to myalgia, rhabdomyolysis, and myoglobinuria, typically occur with exercise that would normally depend on the defect...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2014.05.001
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic injury to the posterior fossa is a complex pathologic condition because of the great heterogeneity of lesions present. Treatment of primary brain injuries and prevention of secondary brain injuries is the mainstay of management. It is imperative to recognize traumatic lesions of the posterior fossa early bec...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2014.07.010
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Supratentorial low-grade gliomas comprise a group of primary central nervous system neoplasms with characteristics of neuroglial cells (i.e., astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) and relatively low anaplastic potential, although through time they tend to behave more aggressively. Immediate surgical intervention and subseq...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progressive muscular atrophy (PMA) is a rare, sporadic, adult-onset motor neuron disease, clinically characterized by isolated lower motor neuron features; however, clinically evident upper motor neuron signs may emerge in some patients. Subclinical upper motor neuron involvement is identified pathologically, radiolog...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2015.07.005
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of changes have occurred in the management of Parkinson's disease in recent years, with the development of new therapeutic strategies based upon advances in pharmacotherapy and interventional procedures. The treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease is considered here with these advances in mind. Potenti...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70008-6
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spine trauma is a devastating clinical condition that affects many people annually on a worldwide basis. Management of spinal trauma has become much more surgically oriented with advances in stabilization techniques over the past two decades. The degree of injury to the spinal cord dictates the prognosis of the patien...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2012.09.012
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impairments of visual perception resulting from brain damage can have serious implications for many aspects of patients' lives, and these impairments should be targeted for intervention. Rehabilitation programs need to be individually tailored to each patient's needs; thus, characterization of a patient's visual perce...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(02)00105-6
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudotumor cerebri is a perplexing syndrome of increased intra-cranial pressure without a space-occupying lesion. The terminology for the disorder has changed over the years and the diagnostic criteria revised to reflect advances in diagnostic technology and insights into the disease process. The classification and n...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0733-8619(03)00096-3
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dementia, defined as progressive cognitive decline, is a feature of a wide variety of genetic disorders. For example, a search of "dementia" in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim) reveals 162 entries. Therefore this article cannot be encyclopedic and will be necessarily restricted to mo...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(01)00020-2
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychogenic movement disorders (PMDs) can present with varied phenomenology that may resemble organic movement disorders. The diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation with a supporting history and classic features on neurologic examination. Ancillary testing, such as imaging and neurophysiologic studies, can provide ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2014.09.013
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00