Abstract：
:Reye syndrome has emerged as the quintessential example of an acute metabolic encephalopathy. The clinical presentation is quite stereotyped in most instances permitting rapid, accurate diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention. Intoxications and certain inborn metabolic errors may mimic Reye syndrome. All patients with a recurrent episode should be investigated thoroughly for evidence of a metabolic disorder associated with an enzyme deficiency. Notable in this regard are inborn errors affecting organic acid, ammonia, and carbohydrate metabolism. The mitochondrial disturbance in Reye syndrome is well documented but the pathophysiologic sequence linking the antecedent viral illness to the mitochondrial injury remains obscure. Recent identification of a spontaneous Reye-like illness in mice that is associated with a coronavirus infection may provide an opportunity to investigate this initial phase of the pathophysiologic sequence. The primary cerebral insult presumably derives from insufficient substrate availability and results in massive cytotoxic cerebral edema. Treatment revolves around the continuous infusion of hypertonic glucose and intermittent infusion of hypertonic mannitol. Management is designed to attenuate or avoid the various compounding metabolic insults during this critical period when the child is metabolically crippled. In 1963, the disorder was considered to be rare and almost irreversibly fatal. Today, the disorder is recognized to be more common, and the outcome is very satisfactory in 85 to 90 per cent of the cases. The role of aspirin remains very controversial. A number of studies suggest an association between this potential mitochondrial toxin and Reye syndrome, but a causal relationship has not been established. Until better understood, it seems advisable to avoid use of aspirin in children exhibiting symptoms suggestive of Reye syndrome.
journal_name
Neurol Clinjournal_title
Neurologic clinicsauthors
De Vivo DCsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-02-01 00:00:00pages
95-115issue
1eissn
0733-8619issn
1557-9875journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Botulinum toxin therapy has emerged as a treatment modality for a variety of spastic- or contracture-related muscle diseases. Its safety has been proven for long-term use in the treatment of benign essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, and certain types of strabismus. Recent approval from the Federal Drug Adminis...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is no single definition of pharmacoresistant (intractable, refractory) epilepsy. Prospective identification of pharmacoresistance is complicated by the variability of its appearance across different types of epilepsy and the variability of seizure control within a given patient over time. Failure of informative ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2009.06.001
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The natural history of MS is highly variable. There is substantial heterogeneity in the clinical manifestations but, at this point, it is reasonable to consider all idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system as representing a spectrum of the same disease. In large populations, 20% to ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The author defines lacunes, classifies types of lacunes and their causes, discusses the correlation between lacunes and specific syndromes, and suggests appropriate therapy. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an antibody-mediated muscle disease in which any skeletal muscle can be affected. MG may produce numerous symptoms and signs. To doctors and patients, it may seem like lung disease, stroke, heart disease, or the effects of emotional stress. This article explores the "territory" between MG and...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sports-related concussions (SRCs) are common among athletes in the United States. Most athletes who sustain an SRC recover within 7 to 10 days; however, many athletes who sustain the injury do not recover as expected and experience prolonged, persistent symptoms. In this document, the authors provide an overview of th...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2017.03.008
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, PET and SPECT are versatile imaging modalities capable of providing dynamic information regarding the metabolism and physiology of brain and brain tumor. PET and SPECT are useful adjuncts to MRI and CT scanning in the important clinical areas of presurgical estimations of tumor grade. In addition, PET can ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the current era of escalating globalization with rapid transport, changing climate, and an ever growing human population with associated changes in lifestyle, poverty, and war, the emergence of new neurologic infections is accelerated. Understanding their origins using epidemiologic and molecular tools will contrib...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2008.04.003
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current law in the United States authorizes physicians to diagnose brain death by applying generally accepted neurologic criteria for determining loss of function of the entire brain. This article offers a medical-legal perspective on problems that may arise with respect to the determination of brain death. These incl...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70132-8
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator is a proven effective therapy for acute ischemic stroke, it is often insufficient to achieve recanalization in patients with large intracranial artery occlusions. In these cases, intra-arterial reperfusion techniques may be useful. Intra-a...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2013.03.009
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders that can be challenging to diagnose. This review provides a diagnostic approach based predominantly on the clinical history and neurologic examination. Laboratory testing that can be used to confirm the suspected diagnosis based on this pattern recognition approach is ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2014.04.008
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain metastases are a common complication of cancer and alter patient management more than metastases at any other site of distant progression. Supportive therapies include steroids and antiseizure medications. Definitive treatments include radiation therapy, surgery, and chemotherapy. The optimal choice of treatment...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2007.07.011
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SEPs may be recorded over the spine and scalp to stimulation of any accessible mixed or sensory nerve in the extremities. SEP abnormalities are useful in detecting lesions in central somatosensory pathways. They do not establish a specific diagnosis, but they may suggest or support a diagnosis made on clinical grounds...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nervous system is involved in approximately 25% of patients with classical Wegener's granulomatosis. The spectrum of this disease has been broadened with the discovery of the anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, which are found in diseases sharing many clinical features. The ANCA testing may indicate a common m...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70353-4
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a vasculitis of small arteries and veins of unknown cause restricted to the central nervous system (CNS), and controversy and disagreement exist over the means to establish the diagnosis. Cerebral arteriography, cerebrospinal fluid examination, and MRI singly o...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2014.12.004
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of IH for 24 hours in patients who remain comatose following resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest improves outcomes. How-ever, the induction of hypothermia has several physiologic effects that need to be considered. A protocol for the rapid induction of hypothermia is described. At present, the ra...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2005.10.007
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dysphagia of ALS is characterized by an impaired oral stage of swallowing, which has a direct impact on the seemingly more robust pharyngeal stage. Increased duration of the volitional stage (PPRT) of swallowing, including DT and lingual motility deficits, appear to be the major contributors to the dysphagia. The ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurologically critically ill patients, more often than others, are unable to communicate and, for a crucial period of time, have the vital functions of their brains hidden in the "black box" of the cranial vault behind a curtain of ambiguity and immobility. Customarily--and naively--we have relied upon beside clinica...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this series of clinical vignettes, the authors have attempted to provide a "feel" for the varied causes of syncope. The neurologist should be able to diagnose most causes of syncope using a simple algorithmic approach. Initial evaluation includes detailed clinical history, physical examination, and 12-lead ECG. Fol...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2006.02.002
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research models show a strong interrelationship between sleep quality and immune function. The proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor α are classified as official sleep-regulatory substances. However, sleep-promoting properties are also possessed by several other immune and ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2012.08.007
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evaluation and treatment of spinal cord injury continues to evolve, enhanced by new imaging modalities. Their application in reference to the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine is discussed. Treatment options, both conservative and surgical, are outlined. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reasonable clinical approach to the patient who has low back pain includes a search for any of the red flags that would prompt consideration of additional diagnostic testing for serious underlying disease. The common patterns of back pain would be explored in an effort to categorize the patient's symptoms and to b...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70113-4
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insomnia in its chronic form is present in high numbers of patients presenting to physicians. As older women who have medical problems have the highest rates of chronic insomnia, physicians must have a high index of suspicion and be prepared to explore various etiologic factors that might be operative. Treatment shoul...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2005.05.002
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electronystagmography in 1990 should identify a vestibular abnormality with which to associate the clinical symptoms. The vestibular test battery method and interpretation reveals its application in neurotologic diagnosis. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Personal experience indicates we sleep differently when sick. Data reviewed demonstrate the extent to which sleep is altered during the course of infection of host organisms by several classes of pathogens. One important unanswered question is whether or not the alterations in sleep during infection are of functional ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2006.03.002
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Overall, the majority of patients with optic pathway tumors will have stable disease regardless if they are radiated or receive chemotherapy. This is a very indolent tumor system and, for the most part, not a threat to life. Because of this, issues regarding appropriate therapeutic approaches have yet to be resolved. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unresponsive patients with or without catatonic motor signs are etiologically heterogeneous, and all require a comprehensive neurodiagnostic assessment to rule out organic causes. Most cases prove to be due to primary psychiatric disorders, mostly mood disorders, especially mania, rather than schizophrenia. These pati...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2011.07.006
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary brain tumors consist of neoplasms with varied molecular defects, morphologic phenotypes, and clinical outcomes. The genetic and signaling abnormalities involved in tumor initiation and progression of the most prevalent adult primary brain tumors, including gliomas, meningiomas, and medulloblastomas, are descri...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2007.07.014
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eclampsia continues to be a significant cause of maternal and fetal death throughout the world. Neurologists have a specific role to play in the diagnosis and management of patients who have eclampsia, especially those who have recurrent seizures, raised intracranial pressure, and coma. Postpartum patients may be admi...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2004.07.005
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antidepressants are the most commonly prescribed class of medications in the United States. The clinician should be mindful of the many antidepressants that can produce seizures following an accidental exposure or an overdose. A broader understanding of the seizure potential of antidepressants, combined with the abili...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2011.05.003
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
