Abstract：
:A consistent group of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) cell bodies occurs in the ventral hypothalamic tract at the infundibular lip (IL), just below the arcuate nucleus (ARC), at the site of the so-called GnRH 'pulse generator'. Immunocytochemical studies were performed to examine contacts between these GnRH neurons and nearby opioid peptide (OP) neurons in the ARC. Vibratome sections of the medial basal hypothalamus were obtained from colchicine-treated, perfusion-fixed juvenile female rhesus macaques. They were sequentially immunostained for GnRH using the peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) technique and for adrenocorticotropic hormone (to identify OP neurons) using colloidal gold. The PAP and colloidal gold markers could be clearly differentiated at both the light and electron microscopic levels. OP+ and GnRH+ neuronal cell bodies occurred close together in the ARC-IL region, sometimes within the same electron microscope grid square. At the electron microscopic level, OP+ axons formed symmetrical synapses with GnRH+ somata and proximal axons, suggesting a pronounced inhibitory influence on GnRH neuronal activity. Examples of OP+/GnRH+ axodendritic and dendrodendritic contacts were also observed. Furthermore, symmetrical synapses between GnRH+ axons and GnRH+ perikarya or dendrites were occasionally present. The data obtained here clearly indicate that direct OP inhibition of GnRH 'pulse generator' neurons occurs at the ARC-IL in juvenile primates. It is suggested that these OP neurons help mediate steroid-negative feedback at the hypothalamic level. Furthermore, it is suggested that OP/GnRH and GnRH/GnRH inhibitory contacts may play a role in maturation and control of reproductive function.
journal_name
Neuroendocrinologyjournal_title
Neuroendocrinologyauthors
Thind KK,Goldsmith PCdoi
10.1159/000124914subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-03-01 00:00:00pages
203-16issue
3eissn
0028-3835issn
1423-0194journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Pregnant rats were kept on an ethanol-containing (6% w/v) liquid diet from the 13th day of gestation and serum growth hormone (GH) levels were determined in the offspring after four different experimental paradigms. In controls, administration of cyproheptadine (a serotonin-blocking agent), or insulin, or exposure to ...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123910
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sexual differentiation of brain function is regulated by estrogen in the perinatal period of rodents. However, the role of the estrogen receptor subtypes ERα and ERβ is still in question. Accordingly, the effects of neonatal treatment with the ERα agonist propyl pyrazole triol (PPT) or the ERβ agonist diarylpropionitr...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000332128
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary cultures from fetal rat brain contain angiotensin II immunoreactivity in neurons. To study the origin of this immunoreactivity, primary cultures were incubated with [3H]-valine or [3H]-isoleucine. A time-dependent incorporation of radioactivity into immunoprecipitable angiotensin II was observed. Incubation of...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123438
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain angiotensin II (AII) receptors play a role in the regulation of luteinizing hormone release. This action is thought to involve luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing neurons in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic (POAH) area of the brain. Previous studies have demonstrated a discrete locus of AII recept...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000126225
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intestinal gluconeogenesis is a recently described function in intestinal glucose metabolism. In particular, the intestine contributes around 20-25% of total endogenous glucose production during fasting. Intestinal gluconeogenesis appears to regulate energy homeostasis via a neurally mediated mechanism linking the ent...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000369070
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An ultradian rhythm in adrenal secretion of corticosterone has been described in awake rats using intra-adrenal microdialysis. To determine the role of the autonomic innervation of the adrenal on the expression of the corticosterone rhythm, adrenal extracellular fluid was sampled by intra-adrenal microdialysis in inta...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000126645
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study was designed to determine whether the ability of central oxytocin (OT) to stimulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on the afternoon of proestrus (PE) in the cycling female rat is mediated at the level of GnRH terminals within the median eminence (ME), or at higher hypothalamic levels where GnRH cell b...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000054678
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immobilization of adult male rats resulted in concomitant, significant releases of prolactin (PRL) and oxytocin (OT). Naloxone (0.2 mg/kg, i.p.) administration 30 min prior to initiation of restraint resulted in a significant diminution of the PRL response to stress. On the other hand, a significant augmentation of OT...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000124053
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examined the effect of estradiol on hypothalamic serotonin-1A (5-HT(1A)) receptor signaling in female rats. We first examined the time-course effects of a single injection of the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist (+/-)8-OH-DPAT (5, 15 or 30 min prior to decapitation), and dose response of (+)8-OH-DPAT (50, 1...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000080795
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In addition to its traditional role as a circulating vasoactive peptide, vasopressin (VP) has been shown to play significant roles in central cardiovascular processing. The recent description of VP receptors within the subfornical organ (SFO) has suggested this circumventricular organ (CVO) as a potential locus for fe...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000127230
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In experiment I we studied the capacity of progesterone (P) and two nonsteroidal agents that activate lordosis, but do not bind to the progestin receptor (PR), i.e. luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to induce sequential inhibition (SI) in ovariectomized estradiol-primed rats. The...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000126457
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal 4-day cyclic rats were sacrificed at 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. on proestrus or estrus and at 10 a.m. on metestrus. Noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA) and tryptophan (T) concentrations varied only slightly. Serotonin (5-HT) concentrations showed characteristic changing patterns in many hypothalamic, limbic and midbrain ...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000122536
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) participation in prolactin regulation is well documented, but the role of D2Rs in the control of other hormones involved in growth, food intake and glucose metabolism has not been extensively studied. The study of D2R knockout mice (Drd2(-/-)) puts forward new insights into the role of the D...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1159/000321395
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the variations in growth hormone (GH) and somatostatin (SOM) mRNAs in adult, middle-aged and aging rats of both sexes using quantitative in situ hybridization. cDNA probes complementary to GH mRNA and SOM mRNA were used on fixed pituitary and hypothalamic sections, respectively. A clear sexual dim...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000125967
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Opioid peptides are present in both the posterior pituitary (PP) and stalk-median eminence (SME). Their effects on the dopaminergic neurons in the SME are well documented, but little is known concerning their role in the regulation of dopamine (DA) release from the PP. The objectives of this study were (1) t...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000125612
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was carried out to clarify the central effects of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on gonadotropin and prolactin (PRL) release in the male rat and to evaluate the hypothesis that it may play a role in negative feedback regulation of gonadotropin secretion in the male. NPY (4 micrograms in 2 microliters 0.9% NaCl) or an...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000126481
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A role for glutamate in signalling mechanisms in the mammalian pineal gland is suggested by the high concentration of the transmitter in pinealocytes and the expression of glutamate receptor subunits in the rat gland. A single type of glutamate binding site has been characterized in the rat and bovine pineal gland, pr...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000126847
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As part of an assessment of endocrine influences on the actions of morphine, we have studied the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of somatostatin and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) on the antinociceptive, temperature and cataleptic responses to subcutaneous morphine in both intact and hypophysect...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123586
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) synthesis [accumulation of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) following inhibition of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase with NSD 1015] and metabolism [concentration of the primary metabolite of 5-HT, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA)] were measured in the suprachiasmatic (SCN), medial preopt...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123878
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An in vitro perifusion system was used to investigate immunoreactive beta-endorphin (beta-END-I) release from adult human hypothalami in response to dopamine (DA) and the DA receptor antagonist haloperidol (HAL). Administration of a 1 microM pulse of DA consistently elicited a mean (+/- SE) 88 +/- 9% increase (p less ...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000124725
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The secretion of gonadotropins and the role exerted by the endogenous opioid system on luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion were investigated in 6 postmenopausal women affected by idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) as well as in 6 age- and weight-matched normal postmenopausal women as controls. The mean plasma follicle...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000125773
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A portion of medial basal hypothalamus containing the supraoptic nuclei with the neurohypophysis attached was organ cultured. Hypothalamus and neurohypophysis were maintained in separate compartments, and the intact infundibular stalk passed through a hole in a fluid-tight barrier which separated the two compartments....
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000124108
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that the stimulation of LH release by the opiate receptor blocker, naloxone, can be prevented by catecholamine synthesis inhibitors, suggesting opiate regulation of catecholamine release. The present study tested whether an opiate agonist and antagonist would affect the depletion of hypotha...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000123899
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interactions between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system and melatonin secretion have been demonstrated, but only the effects of melatonin on the activity of the HPA system have been studied in man. Alterations of melatonin secretion described as low-melatonin syndrome have been demonstrated in pati...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1159/000127186
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Binding sites for prolactin were localized and quantified in the female rat brain by in vitro autoradiographic analysis with iodine-125-labeled ovine prolactin. Following incubation, labeled prolactin bound preferentially to the median eminence and choroid plexus of the lateral and third ventricles. The addition of ex...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000125182
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of angiotensin II (AII) and natriuretic peptide (ANP), alone or in combination, on tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) neuronal activity and on serum PRL levels were examined in this study. The TIDA neuronal activity was determined by measuring 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) concentration in the...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000127254
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies were undertaken to characterize the secretion of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) into the hypophysial-portal circulation of the conscious sheep. In addition, we examined the temporal relationship between the secretion of these two hypothalamic peptides and the secretion of t...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000125141
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hypophysial portal vessels and anterior pituitary glands of adult male rats were surgically exposed, cannulated and infused for 1 min with saline, growth hormone-releasing factor (GH-RF), and dbcAMP. After cessation of infusion, anterior pituitary glands were collected at 1, 5, 15, 30 or 60 min for electron micros...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000122421
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pituitary transcription factor-1 (Pit-1 or GHF-1) is a transcription factor specific to the anterior pituitary and is involved in the expression and regulation of the growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) beta-subunit genes. The expression of these three genes can be modulated by c...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000126930
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypothalamic dopamine (DA) tonically inhibits prolactin (PRL) release from the anterior pituitary gland. Transient escapes from this DA tone elicit a pronounced potentiation of the PRL-releasing action of secretagogues such as thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Previous evidence has suggested that modulation of Ca(2...
journal_title：Neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1159/000054456
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
