Abstract：
:Martin and Wilson (1982) describe two forms of sampling bias in twin studies. One is "hard selection," where individuals above a threshold participate, and those below do not. The second is "soft selection," where the probability of including a pair of relatives varies over the range of the character. We present an alternative model of soft selection which has strikingly different consequences for the resemblance between relatives. In general, the softer the threshold, the more the correlation resembles that in the underlying population. Results are presented where the probability of selection equals the cumulative distribution function of a normal distribution with 10% of the variance of the selected variable. In these circumstances, soft selection usually leads to less severely attenuated correlations than truncate selection.
journal_name
Behav Genetjournal_title
Behavior geneticsauthors
Neale MC,Eaves LJ,Kendler KS,Hewitt JKdoi
10.1007/BF01065901subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-03-01 00:00:00pages
163-9issue
2eissn
0001-8244issn
1573-3297journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Manipulation of endogenous levels of the GABAergic neurosteroid allopregnanolone alters sensitivity to some effects of ethanol. Chronic ethanol withdrawal decreases activity and expression of 5α-reductase-1, an important enzyme in allopregnanolone biosynthesis encoded by the 5α-reductase-1 gene (Srd5a1). The present s...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10519-014-9691-5
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Social aggregations of free-ranging cattle were studied in the Sonoran Desert of Mexico. Cows reared with animals of their own breed in isolation from other breeds maintained segregated social groups. Cows raised together in a mixed herd containing other breeds allied themselves with herd-mates regardless of breed. Ca...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01065562
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Substantial progress has been made recently in analyses of longitudinal twin and family data, principally for two reasons. The first is the continuing development of more refined models for describing longitudinal data; the second is the widespread availability of analytic methods (e.g. LISREL) with which to implement...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01067000
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Courtship song serves as a sexual signal and may contribute to reproductive isolation between closely related species. Using lines of Drosophila pseudoobscura experimentally selected under different sexual selection regimes, we tested whether increased promiscuity and enforced monogamy led to evolutionary changes in c...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10519-005-3217-0
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of the maternal environment on intermale aggression was studied by means of embryo transfer of genetically selected aggressive (SAL) and nonaggressive wild house mice (LAL), and their reciprocal F1's, to standard (NMR1) females. No effect was found on the attack latency scores (ALS), i.e., aggression: all g...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02359756
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty-one female subjects with Turner syndrome (TS) and 31 normal females matched for age and verbal IQ were given a spatial task requiring the mental rotation of geometric figures. The results revealed a poorer performance by the TS group for most items involving rotations. The relationship between reaction time and...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01073648
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individuals involved in a social interaction exhibit different behavioral traits that, in combination, form the individual's behavioral responses. Selectively bred strains of silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) demonstrate markedly different behaviors in their response to humans. To identify the genetic basis of these behavi...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10519-016-9815-1
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our genetic knowledge of a species is reflected in the state of its gene map. Although still primitive, relative to the gene map of the mouse, great strides have been made in recent years in developing the gene map of the rat and nine linkage groups have now been defined. Mapping by conventional backcrossing methods h...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01070002
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two ongoing selective breeding projects have produced mice that display divergent analgesic responses to morphine. These two projects have selected for similar phenotypes: high and low levorphanol analgesia (HAR/LAR lines; Portland, OR) and high and low swim stress-induced analgesia (HA/LA lines; Jastrzebiec, Poland)....
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02197290
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alterations of peripheral magnesium (Mg) concentration have been reported in association with several behavioral disorders and sleep organization. Blood Mg regulation is under a strong genetic control, whereas brain Mg regulation does not seem to be affected. We have studied peripheral and central levels of Mg and ana...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1012790321071
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Components of the communication system between infant and adult rodents based on ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) of infants are analyzed. USVs are most often emitted from a pup lost outside the nest in response to changes of: (i) body temperature, (ii) contact with adults/littermates, (iii) handling, and (iv) smell. T...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10519-004-0853-8
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elucidating the causes of population divergence, and ultimately speciation, is a central objective of evolutionary biology. A number of previous studies of Drosophila populations from the Nahal Oren canyon (Mt Carmel, Israel) revealed significant interslope differences for a complex of fitness and behavioral traits. P...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10519-005-6119-2
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fingerprints and handedness were measured in 2169 subjects. Left-handers were more likely to have an increased number of arches and radial loops, while having fewer whorls and lower pattern intensity than right-handers. Analyzing by hand and digit, the differences were most marked on the left hand, which showed signif...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01067817
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A genetic analysis of differences in reactivity to early exposure of female BALB/cBy and C57BL/6By mice to testosterone was performed using the C x B recombinant-inbred (RI) strains. RI female mice were given a single injection of 1 mg of testosterone propionate on day 4 of life and observed in adulthood in the presen...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01070741
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interpretation of studies using single gene mutants is complicated by possible epistatic interactions with genetic background. Dopamine D2 receptor (Drd2) knockout mice on a C57BL/6 (B6) background show decreased basal locomotion, ethanol preference and ethanol-induced ataxia. Epistatic interactions were studied by ex...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1023450625826
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutations on the period locus of Drosophila melanogaster influence circadian periods as well as the rhythm in inter-pulse intervals in male courtship song; perL mutations produce long circadian periods and courtship song rhythms and per(s) mutations produce short circadian periods and courtship song rhythms. Thus, the...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1021625819967
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chickens homozygous for the Dominant white or wild-type allele of PMEL17 were subjected to a broad phenotyping in order to detect consistent differences between genotypes. To exclude feather pecking, the chickens were individually housed without physical contact, from the day of hatching, and tested for social, aggres...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10519-010-9379-4
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human facial attractiveness and facial sexual dimorphism (masculinity-femininity) are important facets of mate choice and are hypothesized to honestly advertise genetic quality. However, it is unclear whether genes influencing facial attractiveness and masculinity-femininity have similar, opposing, or independent effe...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10519-013-9627-5
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adolescent depression is common and has become a major public health concern in China, yet little research has examined the etiology of depression in Chinese adolescents. In the present study, genetic and environmental influences on Chinese adolescent depressive symptoms were investigated in 1,181 twin pairs residing ...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10519-013-9632-8
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Callous-unemotional (CU) traits comprise the core symptoms of psychopathy, yet no study has estimated the heritability of CU traits in a community sample of children using an instrument designed solely to assess CU traits. The current study uses data from 339 twin pairs aged 9-14 to examine the reliability and heritab...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10519-016-9831-1
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For the participants in the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) we constructed the extended pedigrees which specify all relations among nuclear and larger twin families in the register. A total of 253,015 subjects from 58,645 families were linked to each other, to the degree that we had information on the relations among ...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10519-017-9872-0
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein (APOE) gene is a widely recognized genetic risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease in older age. However, it is controversial whether there is a positive impact of the APOE ε4 allele on human cognitive performance in young adulthood, possibly representing a case of antagonist...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10519-019-09961-y
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new assay was designed, named checker, that measures the individual response to light in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster larva. In this assay the Drosophila larva apparently modulates its pattern of locomotion when faced with a choice between a dark and lit environment by orienting its movement towards the dark...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1002090627601
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reports the results of 11 generations of selective breeding for isolation-induced, interfemale aggression in Mus musculus. Within-family selection was used to form two high, two low, and two unselected control lines, beginning with a population of wild-trapped mice. Selection was successful in establishin...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01065597
更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gender-moderated gene-environment interactions are rarely explored, raising concerns about inaccurate specification of etiological models and inferential errors. The current study examined the influence of gender, negative and positive daily life events, and GABRA2 genotype (SNP rs279871) on alcohol dependence, testin...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10519-013-9607-9
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selective breeding has been used to produce lines of mice differing in sensitivity to the hypothermic effects of ethanol (EtOH). Two genetically independent HOT (insensitive) and two COLD (sensitive) lines are maintained along with two nonselected control (CON) lines. The breeding program is currently in selected gene...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01067713
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A model to analyze resemblances of twins and parents using LISREL is outlined and applied to sports participation and heart-rate data. Sports participation and heart rate were measured in 44 monozygotic and 46 dizygotic adolescent twin pairs and in their parents. Genetic factors influence variation in both sports beha...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01065888
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic and environmental determinants of self-reported alcohol consumption were investigated in a sample of 2513 twin pairs who were first assessed at age 16 and were followed-up at age 17. At age 16, 77% of the sample was drinking, and 65% of drinkers reported drinking to intoxication. Both drinking and drinking to ...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1021631122461
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Males from the fifty selected generation of a selection program for aggressiveness in female Mus musculus (Ebert and Hyde, 1976) were tested to determine whether male aggressiveness showed a correlated response in selection for female aggressiveness. The results indicated that male aggression had not shown a correlate...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01065699
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study explored the effects of infantile stimulation (i.e., neonatal handling or NH) on the performance of 18-month-old Roman high-avoidance (RHA/Verh) and low-avoidance (RLA/Verh) rats in a swimming pool matching-to-place (SPMP) test. This test (also called repeated acquisition and place learning-set parad...
journal_title：Behavior genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015253807488
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
