Abstract：
:The neurogenic dysfunctions of the detrusor and the sphincter are caused by either a known congenital defect of the nervous system or by acquired damage to the nervous system. In patients with idiopathic bladder dysfunctions neurological examinations fail to reveal any pathology in the nervous system. The treatment strategy for the patient with detrusor-sphincter dysfunction should be based on a comprehensive functional and morphological evaluation. Clean Intermittent Catheterization is mandatory if voiding is ineffective. Reduced bladder capacity related to detrusor overactivity and decreased bladder walls compliance is successfully managed conservatively with oral anticholinergics. Conservative treatment prevents complications in the majority of patients. However, despite proper conservative treatment, some patients still develop complications. We propose our own practical classification of complications characteristic for the bladder and sphincter dysfunctions: 1. Urinary tract infections; 2. Urolithiasis; 3. Anatomic changes in the lower urinary tract; 4. Anatomic changes in the upper urinary tract; 5. Functional disturbances of kidneys parenchyma; 6. Urinary incontinence. Proposed practical classification of complications of bladder and sphincter dysfunctions is clear and simple. This classification can be used both in children with neurogenic and non-neurogenic dysfunctions. It is helpful in planning follow-up procedures and evaluation of treatment results.
journal_name
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Scijournal_title
European review for medical and pharmacological sciencesauthors
Kroll P,Zachwieja Jsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-04-01 00:00:00pages
1229-37issue
7eissn
1128-3602issn
2284-0729journal_volume
20pub_type
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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doi：10.26355/eurrev_202005_21376
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the expression of programmed death-ligand1 (PD-L1) in hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and, prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and APE1, P53 protein expression levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS:A total of 128 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma ...
journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,收录出版,评审
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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journal_title：European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
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