Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal mechanisms of aerobic granules.

abstract：:Recombinant DNA technology enables the creation of well-defined alterations in the genetic material of an organism. Methods to manipulate recombinant DNA in the filamentous fungi (a group of microorganisms that includes species of academic as well as commercial interest) have recently been developed. This has been the...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Rambosek J,Leach J

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Utilization of microbial oil for biodiesel production has gained growing interest due to the increase in prices and the shortage of the oils and fats traditionally used in biodiesel production. However, it is still in the laboratory study stage due to the high cost of production. Employing organic wastes as raw materi...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Chen J,Li J,Zhang X,Tyagi RD,Dong W

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cypripedium orchids have high horticultural value. The populations of most species are very geographically restricted and they are becoming increasingly rare due to the destruction of native habitats and illegal collection. Reduction of the commercial value through large-scale propagation in vitro is a preferable opti...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Zeng S,Zhang Y,Teixeira da Silva JA,Wu K,Zhang J,Duan J

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microorganisms produce biosurfactant (BS)/bioemulsifier (BE) with wide structural and functional diversity which consequently results in the adoption of different techniques to investigate these diverse amphiphilic molecules. This review aims to compile information on different microbial screening methods, surface act...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Satpute SK,Banpurkar AG,Dhakephalkar PK,Banat IM,Chopade BA

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biosensor technology began in the 1960s to revolutionize instrumentation and measurement. Despite the glucose sensor market success that revolutionized medical diagnostics, and artificial pancreas promise currently the approval stage, the industry is reluctant to capitalize on other relevant university-produced knowle...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Siontorou CG,Batzias FA

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The enzyme α-galactosidase (α-D-galactoside galactohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.22) catalyzes the hydrolysis of α-1,6-linked galactose residues in oligosaccharides and polymeric galactomannan. The α-galactosidases are of particular interest in view of their many potential biotechnological and medical applications. These enzyme...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Katrolia P,Rajashekhara E,Yan Q,Jiang Z

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human body harbors diverse microbes, the main components include bacteria, eukaryotes and viruses. Emerging evidences show that the human microbiota is intrinsically linked with overall health. The development of next-generation sequencing provides an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the complex microbial comm...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Xu X,Wang Z,Zhang X

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lactic acid, an anaerobic product of glycolysis, can be theoretically produced by synthetic route; however, it is commercially produced by homo-fermentative batch mode of operations. Factors affecting its production and strategies improving it are considered while devising an optimized protocol. Although a hetero-ferm...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Yadav AK,Chaudhari AB,Kothari RM

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:l-Leucine, as an essential branched-chain amino acid for humans and animals, has recently been attracting much attention because of its potential for a fast-growing market demand. The applicability ranges from flavor enhancers, animal feed additives and ingredients in cosmetic to specialty nutrients in pharmaceutical ...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Wang YY,Xu JZ,Zhang WG

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, often pose a serious risk not only when delivered in the bloodstream but also in air, the environment and several industrial fields such as pharmaceutics or food. LPS is constituted of three regions; the O-specific chain, th...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Basauri A,González-Fernández C,Fallanza M,Bringas E,Fernandez-Lopez R,Giner L,Moncalián G,de la Cruz F,Ortiz I

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calf rennet, which consists of over 90% chymosin, is commonly used in cheese industries for the curdling of milk. Various animal, plant and microbial sources have been exploited as possible alternatives to calf rennet. The coagulating properties of the enzymatic preparations (coagulants) from these sources differ in t...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Kumar A,Grover S,Sharma J,Batish VK

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) technology has been regarded as an effective carrier-free immobilization method. This method is very attractive due to its simplicity and robustness, as well as for the possibility of using the crude enzyme extract and the opportunity to co-immobilize multiple different enzymes. Th...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Cui JD,Jia SR

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As a host for therapeutic protein expression, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are widely utilized in the mainstream biopharmaceutical industry. Cell culture process development plays an important role in transitioning laboratory research to manufacturing. Among different mathematic tools, kinetic modeling is commonl...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Tang P,Xu J,Louey A,Tan Z,Yongky A,Liang S,Li ZJ,Weng Y,Liu S

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biocatalysis in non-aqueous media has undergone tremendous development during the last decade, and numerous reactions have been introduced and optimized for synthetic applications. In contrast to aqueous enzymology, biotransformations in organic solvents offer unique industrially attractive advantages, such as: drasti...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Castro GR,Knubovets T

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endotoxin is a type of pyrogen that can be found in Gram-negative bacteria. Endotoxin can form a stable interaction with other biomolecules thus making its removal difficult especially during the production of biopharmaceutical drugs. The prevention of endotoxins from contaminating biopharmaceutical products is paramo...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Dullah EC,Ongkudon CM

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Grapes are one of the most cultivated fruit crops worldwide. Either for wine or juice production, grape processing generates a large amount of residues that must be treated, disposed of or reused properly to reduce their pollution load before being applied to the soil. In this review, a special focus is given to the t...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Gómez-Brandón M,Lores M,Insam H,Domínguez J

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbial diversity provides an immense reservoir of functions and supports key steps in maintaining ecosystem balance through matter decomposition processes and nutrient recycling. The use of microorganisms for biomolecule production is now common, but often involves single-strain cultures. In this review, we highlig...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Jobard M,Pessiot J,Nouaille R,Fonty G,Sime-Ngando T

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Terpenes are natural products with a remarkable diversity in their chemical structures and they hold a significant market share commercially owing to their distinct applications. These potential molecules are usually derived from terrestrial plants, marine and microbial sources. In vitro production of terpenes using p...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Paramasivan K,Mutturi S

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since several decades ago, the application of pervaporation (PV) technology has been mainly aimed at the separation of different types of water-organic, organic-water and organic-organic mixtures, reaching its large-scale application in industry for the dehydration of organics. Today, the versatility and high selectiv...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Castro-Muñoz R,Galiano F,Figoli A

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microorganisms have the tendency to accumulate at interfaces through the release of extracellular polymeric substances to form aggregates such as films or flocs. This physical association leads to different modes of interactions among cells and the subsequent development of functionally and metabolically diverse conso...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Srivastava A,Seo SH,Ko SR,Ahn CY,Oh HM

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Filamentous fungi play an important role not only in the bio-manufacturing of value-added products, but also in bioenergy and environmental research. The bioprocess manipulation of filamentous fungi is more difficult than that of other microbial species because of their different pellet morphologies and the presence o...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Zhang J,Zhang J

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Affinity tags are vital tools for the production of high-throughput recombinant proteins. Several affinity tags, such as the hexahistidine tag, maltose-binding protein, streptavidin-binding peptide tag, calmodulin-binding peptide, c-Myc tag, glutathione S-transferase and FLAG tag, have been introduced for recombinant ...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Soleimanpour S,Hassannia T,Motiee M,Amini AA,Rezaee SA

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Triterpenoid saponins are structurally diverse secondary metabolites. They are the main active ingredient of many medicinal plants and have a wide range of pharmacological effects. Traditional production of triterpenoid saponins, directly extracted from cultivated plants, cannot meet the rapidly growing demand of phar...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Yao L,Wang J,He J,Huang L,Gao W

更新日期：2021-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Second generation biofuel production depends on lignocellulosic (LC) biomass transformation into simple sugars and their subsequent fermentation into alcohols. However, the main obstacle in this process is the efficient breakdown of the recalcitrant cellulose to sugar monomers. Hence, efficient feedstock pretreatment ...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Portillo Mdel C,Saadeddin A

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is a process technology with potential for application in different areas including environmental, food processing, and biofuels production. Although HC is an undesirable phenomenon for hydraulic equipment, the net energy released during this process is enough to accelerate certain chemica...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Terán Hilares R,Ramos L,da Silva SS,Dragone G,Mussatto SI,Santos JCD

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrilases are widely distributed in nature and are able to hydrolyze nitriles into their corresponding carboxylic acids and ammonia. In industry, nitrilases have been used as green biocatalysts for the production of high value-added products. To date, biocatalysts are considered to be important alternatives to chemic...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Shen JD,Cai X,Liu ZQ,Zheng YG

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Filamentous fungi comprise an abundance of gene clusters that encode high-value metabolites, whereas affluent gene clusters remain silent during laboratory conditions. Complex cellular metabolism further limits these metabolite yields. Therefore, diverse strategies such as genetic engineering and chemical mutagenesis ...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Deng H,Bai Y,Fan TP,Zheng X,Cai Y

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Vitamin K series, particularly menaquinone, have been attracting research attention, due to the potential in reducing both osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases. This review provides an overview of the types of vitamin K and their health benefits. This is followed by a critical review of the various biotechnolo...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Berenjian A,Mahanama R,Kavanagh J,Dehghani F

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, foods that contain omega-3 lipids have emerged as important promoters of human health. These lipids are essential for the functional development of the brain and retina, and reduction of the risk of cardiovascular and Alzheimer's diseases. The global market for omega-3 production, particularly docosah...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Finco AMO,Mamani LDG,Carvalho JC,de Melo Pereira GV,Thomaz-Soccol V,Soccol CR

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endophytic microbes are present in nearly all of the plant species known to date but how they enter and flourish inside a host plant and display multiple benefits like plant growth promotion (PGP), biodegradation, and stress alleviation are still unexplored. Until now, the majority of the research has been conducted a...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biotechnology

authors： Dubey A,Malla MA,Kumar A,Dayanandan S,Khan ML

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00