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Reduction in the occurrence of distressing involuntary memories following propranolol or hydrocortisone in healthy women.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Pharmacological treatments targeting the neuroendocrine stress response may hold special promise in secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, findings from clinical trials have been inconsistent and the efficacy of specific drugs, their temporal window of efficacy, effective doses and the characteristics of likely treatment responders remain unclear. METHOD:Using an experimental human model of distressing involuntary memory formation, we compare the effects of two drugs that have theoretical or empirical support as secondary preventive agents in PTSD. Eighty-eight healthy women (average age: 23.5 years) received oral propranolol (80 mg), hydrocortisone (30 mg), or matched placebo immediately after viewing a 'trauma film'. They then completed daily, time-stamped intrusion diaries for 1 week, at the end of which, voluntary memory was tested. RESULTS:While neither drug affected voluntary memory for the trauma narrative, propranolol treatment was associated with 42% fewer, and hydrocortisone with 55% fewer intrusions across the week, relative to placebo. Additionally, propranolol reduced general trauma-like symptoms, and post-drug cortisol levels were negatively correlated with intrusion frequency in the hydrocortisone group. CONCLUSIONS:Overall, this study shows substantial reductions in intrusive memories and preserved voluntary narrative-declarative memory following either propranolol or hydrocortisone in an experimental model of psychological trauma. As such, despite some inconsistencies in clinical trials, our findings support continued investigation of propranolol and hydrocortisone as secondary preventive agents for re-experiencing symptoms of PTSD. The findings also suggest that it is critical for future research to identify the conditions governing the preventive efficacy of these drugs in PTSD.

journal_name

Psychol Med

journal_title

Psychological medicine

authors

Kamboj SK,Gong AT,Sim Z,Rashid AA,Baba A,Iskandar G,Das RK,Curran HV

doi

10.1017/S0033291719001028

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-05-01 00:00:00

pages

1148-1155

issue

eissn

0033-2917

issn

1469-8978

pii

S0033291719001028

journal_volume

pub_type

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Reduction in the occurrence of distressing involuntary memories following propranolol or hydrocortisone in healthy women.