Abstract:
:Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) colonize blood-borne myeloid cells. Murine CMV (MCMV) spreads from the lungs via infected CD11c+ cells, consistent with an important role for dendritic cells (DC). We show here that MCMV entering via the olfactory epithelium, a natural transmission portal, also spreads via infected DC. They reached lymph nodes, entered the blood via high endothelial venules, and then entered the salivary glands, driven by constitutive signaling of the viral M33 G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Intraperitoneal infection also delivered MCMV to the salivary glands via DC. However, it also seeded F4/80+ infected macrophages to the blood; they did not enter the salivary glands or require M33 for extravasation. Instead, they seeded infection to a range of other sites, including brown adipose tissue (BAT). Peritoneal cells infected ex vivo then adoptively transferred showed similar cell type-dependent differences in distribution, with abundant F4/80+ cells in BAT and CD11c+ cells in the salivary glands. BAT colonization by CMV-infected cells was insensitive to pertussis toxin inhibition of the GPCR signaling through Gi/o substrate, whereas salivary gland colonization was sensitive. Since salivary gland infection required both M33 and Gi/o-coupled signaling, whereas BAT infection required neither, these migrations were mechanistically distinct. MCMV spread from the lungs or nose depended on DC, controlled by M33. Infecting other monocyte populations resulted in unpredictable new infections.IMPORTANCE Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) spread through the blood by infecting monocytes, and this can lead to disease. With murine CMV (MCMV) we can track infected myeloid cells and so understand how CMVs spread. Previous experiments have injected MCMV into the peritoneal cavity. MCMV normally enters mice via the olfactory epithelium. We show that olfactory infection spreads via dendritic cells, which MCMV directs to the salivary glands. Peritoneal infection similarly reached the salivary glands via dendritic cells. However, it also infected other monocyte types, and they spread infection to other tissues. Thus, infecting the "wrong" monocytes altered virus spread, with potential to cause disease. These results provide a basis for understanding how the monocyte types infected by human CMV might promote different infection outcomes.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Farrell HE,Bruce K,Lawler C,Stevenson PGdoi
10.1128/JVI.00540-19subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-07-17 00:00:00issue
15eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514pii
JVI.00540-19journal_volume
93pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In addition to encoding the structural and regulatory proteins, many viruses encode auxiliary proteins, some of which have been shown to play important roles in lytic and latent states of the viruses. The human neurotropic JC virus (JCV) genome encodes an auxiliary protein called Agno whose function remains unknown. H...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.3.1476-1486.2001
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abstract::HIV-1 infections cannot be completely eradicated by drug therapy, as the virus persists in reservoirs. Low-level plasma viremia has been detected in patients treated for over 7 years, but the cellular compartments that support this low-level viremia have not been identified. The decay of HIV-1 during treatment appears...
journal_title:Journal of virology
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.53.1.296-298.1985
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abstract::To clarify hematological abnormalities following infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we examined the hematopoietic capability of bone marrow by using cynomolgus monkeys infected with pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) strain C2/1, an animal model of HIV infection. The relationship bet...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.20.10906-10910.2004
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abstract::Nonstructural protein 4 (nsp4; 204 amino acids) is the chymotrypsin-like serine main proteinase of the arterivirus Equine arteritis virus (order Nidovirales), which controls the maturation of the replicase complex. nsp4 includes a unique C-terminal domain (CTD) connected to the catalytic two-beta-barrel structure by t...
journal_title:Journal of virology
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doi:10.1128/JVI.80.7.3428-3437.2006
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abstract::We reported previously that the movement protein (MP) of tomato mosaic tobamovirus is phosphorylated, and we proposed that MP phosphorylation is important for viral pathogenesis. Experimental data indicated that phosphorylation enhances the stability of MP in vivo and enables the protein to assume the correct intracel...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.2.1452-1461.2003
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abstract::The conversion of simian virus 40 (SV40) component II deoxyribonucleic acid to component I has been used to assay polynucleotide ligase in extracts of tissue culture cells. All cell types examined, including chicken, hamster, mouse, monkey, and human cells, contained adenosine triphosphate-dependent ligase. After infe...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.4.5.719-726.1969
更新日期:1969-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) establishes lifelong latent infections in neurons. Reactivation from latency can lead to serious recurrent disease, including stromal keratitis, corneal scarring, blindness, and encephalitis. Although numerous studies link stress to an increase in the incidence of reactivation from laten...
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doi:10.1128/JVI.16.3.479-485.1975
更新日期:1975-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.16.7583-7591.2001
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.68.5.3397-3400.1994
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.78.8.4363-4369.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::By means of both electron microscopy and plaque assay techniques, 10(-3)m Zn(2+) has been shown to reduce the adsorption rate of male-specific filamentous deoxyribonucleic acid bacteriophages to the tips of F pili. In contrast, 10(-3)m Zn(2+) did not affect the adsorption of male-specific ribonucleic acid phages to th...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.10.4.869-871.1972
更新日期:1972-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.70.1.23-29.1996
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.33.3.1083-1096.1980
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have reported previously that ocular infection of different strains of mice with recombinant herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) constitutively expressing interleukin-2 (IL-2) provokes central nervous system (CNS) demyelination and optic neuropathy, as determined by changes in visual evoked cortical potentials and patho...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.68.11.7603-7608.1994
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1128/JVI.26.3.570-576.1978
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journal_title:Journal of virology
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-11-23 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02339-07
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.67.6.3569-3575.1993
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.66.8.5100-5105.1992
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.49.3.997-1001.1984
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The structure of VRC01 in complex with the HIV-1 gp120 core reveals that this broadly neutralizing CD4 binding site (CD4bs) antibody partially mimics the interaction of the primary virus receptor, CD4, with gp120. Here, we extended the investigation of the VRC01-gp120 core interaction to the biologically relevant vira...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.45.3.1147-1149.1983
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of a reproducible model system for the study of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has the potential to significantly enhance the study of virus-host interactions and provide future direction for modeling the pathogenesis of HCV. While there are studies describing global gene expression changes associat...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.12.7558-7569.2005
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00