Abstract：
:We have assessed the effects of two radiomodifying conditions, glutathione (GSH) depletion and hypoxia, on the formation and repair of radiation-induced chromatin damage, specifically DNA-protein cross-links (DPC). As measured by a nitrocellulose filter-binding assay, untreated V79 cells contain a low level of DPC (1-1.5% of the cellular DNA). The background level of DPC is elevated in cells treated with L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), in hypoxic cells, and in cells treated with BSO and made hypoxic (2.98%, 2.82%, and 7.71%, respectively). The dose response for production of radiation-induced DPC is approximately 6.0% DNA bound per 100 Gy for cells irradiated in air, and the dose response is not significantly different for BSO-treated cells but increases by a factor of about 1.4 for hypoxic cells and 1.7 for BSO-pretreated hypoxic cells. DPC were also assayed by alkaline elution with or without proteinase K treatment. By this analysis, the yield of DPC appears to be elevated in irradiated hypoxic and irradiated GSH-depleted cells. It is not possible to assay for background DPC alone in unirradiated cells by alkaline elution. Cells not exposed to BSO repair 70-80% of the radiation-induced DPC in 4 h. BSO-treated cells are considerably less efficient in repair of DPC. As analyzed by alkaline elution, GSH depletion had little or no effect on the yield of radiation-induced single-strand breaks (SSB) but slowed their repair. The data suggest that depletion of GSH impairs an enzyme system(s) responsible for the turnover of both background and radiation-induced DPC and that hypoxia elevates both the background level of DPC and the ratio of radiation-induced DPC to SSB.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Xue LY,Friedman LR,Oleinick NLsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-10-01 00:00:00pages
89-99issue
1eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404journal_volume
116pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Cytokines function in many roles that are highly relevant to radiation research. This review focuses on how cytokines are structurally organized, how they are induced by radiation, and how they orchestrate mesenchymal, epithelial and immune cell interactions in irradiated tissues. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are the ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1667/RR3031.1
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To study the dynamics of protein recruitment to DNA lesions, ion beams can be used to generate extremely localized DNA damage within restricted regions of the nuclei. This inhomogeneous spatial distribution of lesions can be visualized indirectly and rapidly in the form of radiation-induced foci using immunocytochemic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3374
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hypothesis of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) research has been that the short-range, high-linear energy transfer radiation produced by the capture of thermal neutrons by (10)B will potentially control tumor and spare normal tissue only if the boron compound selectively targets tumor tissue within the treatme...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR3592.1
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evaluation of the characteristics of accelerator-based thermal neutron fields is recognized as an important issue when discussing the effectiveness of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). In this study, we propose that the radiation chemical yield (G value) of hydroxyl radicals (Goh•) can be considered a universal pa...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15318.1
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypoxic BP-8 murine sarcoma cells were exposed to misonidazole and/or radiation and the kinetics and extent of cell death were evaluated with the [125I]iododeoxyuridine-prelabeling assay. Cell death after treatment with lethal doses of misonidazole was rapid and essentially complete within 2 or 3 days after drug expos...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is frequently associated with a variety of cancers, including breast cancer. We and others have demonstrated that radiation-induced rat mammary cancer exhibits a characteristic gene expression profile and a random increase in aberrant DNA copy number; however, the role of aber...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR2927.1
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current status of particle radiotherapy from a historical perspective is presented. This is done with a personal view and contains personal references and memories during the development of particle radiotherapy. The particles covered are fast neutrons, neutron capture therapy, protons, helium ions, pions and heav...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review highlights the phenomenon of low-dose hyper- radiosensitivity (HRS), an effect in which cells die from excessive sensitivity to small single doses of ionizing radiation but become more resistant (per unit dose) to larger single doses. Established and new data pertaining to HRS are discussed with respect to...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1667/rr3130
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several lines of correlative evidence link transforming growth factor alpha (Tgfa, also known as TGF-alpha) to proliferative activity in jejunal crypt cells. It is therefore tempting to hypothesize that, as a ligand of the epidermal growth factor, it mediates the compensatory proliferative burst in the crypts after ra...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)155[0866:tpromj]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of micronuclei was evaluated to assess the induction of an adaptive response to non-ionizing radiofrequency (RF) radiation in peripheral blood lymphocytes collected from five different human volunteers. After stimulation with phytohemagglutinin for 24 h, the cells were exposed to an adaptive dose of 900 ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1687.1
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was undertaken to assess the protective effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) against the induction and rejoining of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and inactivation of V79-4 Chinese hamster cells by both high- and low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiations. The cells were exposed under aerobic condit...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Late radiation damage to pig skin has been assessed at 104 weeks after exposure to sources of 90Sr/90Y (Emax 2.2 MeV) and 170Tm (Emax 0.9 MeV). Damage was assessed from measurements of dermal thickness in histological sections of irradiated skin and was compared with that of unirradiated skin to establish the relative...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possibility of a large-scale acute radiation exposure necessitates the development of new methods that could provide rapid individual dose estimates with high sample throughput. The focus of the study was an intercomparison of laboratories' dose-assessment performances using gene expression assays. Lithium-heparin...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR3236.1
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The non-human primate has been a useful model for studies of human acute radiation syndrome (ARS). However, to date structural changes in various parts of the intestine after total body irradiation (TBI) have not been systematically studied in this model. Here we report on our current study of TBI-induced intestinal s...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14191.1
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The molecular basis of radiotherapy-related multidrug resistance (MDR) is still unclear. Here we report on a study investigating the effect of fractionated irradiation on expression of the MDR-associated proteins P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), and lung resistance-related protein ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR0986.1
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction function gamma(chi), which was introduced in the theory of dual radiation action as the probability that two energy transfers separated by distance chi combine with each other to produce a lesion, was estimated with sparsely ionizing radiation (60Co gamma rays and 40 kV X rays). Gamma(chi) was deduced ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Keratinocyte growth factor (FGF7, also known as KGF) ameliorates the radiation response of mouse oral mucosa and other epithelial tissues. However, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of FGF7 on the survival and colony size of normal human epidermal keratin...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0761:eokgfo]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of oxygen-deficient tumor cells is a critical issue in cancer therapy. To identify tumor hypoxia, tissue partial oxygen pressure (pO2) can be measured directly. The OxyLite system allows determination of pO2 in tumors and permits continuous measurements of pO2 at a fixed point. In this study, this system ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR3602.1
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These assessment of the consequences of irradiation on chromatin is complicated by endogenous nucleases. Isolation and prolonged storage of rat liver nuclei in buffers containing divalent metal ions activates these enzymes and promotes the degradation of chromatin. Irradiation of rat liver nuclei to dose levels of 20,...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study demonstrates that mice, similar to humans, have a common mitochondrial DNA deletion (3,860 bp) that encodes 5 transfer RNA genes and 5 polypeptide genes that is related to aging, tissue type and radiotoxicity. Our research indicates that the deletion ratio in the liver was significantly higher than in the b...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR3373.1
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concept of curvature in dose-response relationships figures prominently in radiation biology, encompassing a wide range of interests including radiation protection, radiotherapy and fundamental models of radiation action. In this context, the ability to detect even small amounts of curvature becomes important. Sta...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14520.1
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increasingly wider use of microdosimetry in fields other than pure radiobiological research, especially in "practical" domains such as radiation protection and medical physics, has created a number of new practitioners who are not fully acquainted with many of the experimental pitfalls which beset the aspiring mic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nature of the primary biochemical defect in the human radiosensitive and cancer-prone syndrome, ataxia telangiectasia (AT), has remained obscure despite many efforts to elucidate it. In this study, AT complementation group D cells and a nearly isogenic corrected AT-hamster hybrid derivative have been analyzed for ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Survival of colony-forming units-spleen (CFU-S) was measured after single doses of photons or heavy charged particles from the BEVALAC. The purposes were to define the radiosensitivity to heavy ions used medically and to evaluate relationships between relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and dose-averaged linear en...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aqueous solutions of calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) were exposed to hydrogen peroxide in the presence of air. Base products formed in DNA were identified and quantitated following acid hydrolysis and trimethylsilylation using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The yields of these products were dependent up...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of age at exposure on induction of mammary carcinoma was studied in female rats of the inbred WAG/Rij strain that were treated with estrogen. Groups of 40 animals were exposed to a single total-body dose of 1 or 2 Gy of 137Cs gamma radiation at age 8, 10, 12, 15, 22, 36 or 64 weeks. Hormone levels in the an...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The risk of a radiological or nuclear public health emergency is a major growing concern of the U.S. government. To address a potential incident and ensure that the government is prepared to respond to any subsequent civilian or military casualties, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Department o...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15137.1
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Domestic radon risk estimates are typically based either on data for uranium miners or on data derived from A-bomb survivors; comparison of domestic radon risk estimates derived from these two disparate sources represents an important test of their reliability. There is currently a significant discrepancy of about a f...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Water:n-octanol partition coefficients (KD) were determined for a series of radioprotective thiols to ascertain whether these could be used to estimate reliably their rates of uptake into mammalian cells by passive diffusion. Values of KD determined for thiols in 0.1 M potassium phosphate, pH 7.4, at 22 degrees C were...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue oxygenation influences the radiation response of tumors. To further investigate the underlying mechanisms of tumor hypoxia, the spatial distribution of hypoxic cells in relation to the vasculature was studied. In a panel of three human glioma xenograft lines (E2, E102, E106) with different growth characteristic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2002)157[0626:qaovpo]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
