Christopher Dobson, 1949-2019: Mentor, Friend, Scientist Extraordinaire.

abstract：:Phylum Apicomplexa comprises a large group of obligate intracellular parasites of high medical and veterinary importance. These organisms succeed intracellularly by effecting remarkable changes in a broad range of diverse host cells. The transformation of the host erythrocyte is particularly striking in the case of th...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Spillman NJ,Beck JR,Goldberg DE

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycoproteins have a wide distribution in nature and serve a vast number of functions. There are glycoprotein enzymes and hormones; glycoproteins are found in blood and secretions, in cell membranes, and in connective tissue. Of all the biologically occurring macromolecules the glycoproteins, which consist of carbohyd...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Kornfeld R,Kornfeld S

更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proton transfer in the bacterial RC associated with the reduction of the bound QB to the dihydroquinone is an important step in the energetics of photosynthetic bacteria. The binding of two protons by the quinone is associated with the transfer of the second electron to QB at a rate of ca. 10(3) s-1 (pH 7). Mutation o...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Okamura MY,Feher G

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review is concerned with the structures and mechanisms of a superfamily of regulatory GTP hydrolases (G proteins). G proteins include Ras and its close homologs, translation elongation factors, and heterotrimeric G proteins. These proteins share a common structural core, exemplified by that of p21ras (Ras), and s...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Sprang SR

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Given the functional importance of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an organelle that performs folding, modification, and trafficking of secretory and membrane proteins to the Golgi compartment, the maintenance of ER homeostasis in insulin-secreting β-cells is very important. When ER homeostasis is disrupted, the ER ge...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Back SH,Kaufman RJ

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Central to the classical hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) paradigm is the concept that the maintenance of blood cell numbers is exclusively executed by a discrete physical entity: the transplantable HSC. The HSC paradigm has served as a stereotypic template in stem cell biology, yet the search for rare, hardwired profess...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Clevers H,Watt FM

更新日期：2018-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure and integrity of telomeres are essential for genome stability. Telomere dysregulation can lead to cell death, cell senescence, or abnormal cell proliferation. The maintenance of telomere repeats in most eukaryotic organisms requires telomerase, which consists of a reverse transcriptase (RT) and an RNA te...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Autexier C,Lue NF

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR studies of amyloid and membrane proteins and large macromolecular complexes are an important new approach to structural biology. However, the applicability of these experiments, which are based on (13)C- and (15)N-detected spectra, would be enhanced if the sensitivity were improved. Here...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Su Y,Andreas L,Griffin RG

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:My coworkers and I have used animal viruses and their interaction with host cells to investigate cellular processes difficult to study by other means. This approach has allowed us to branch out in many directions, including membrane protein characterization, endocytosis, secretion, protein folding, quality control, an...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Helenius A

更新日期：2020-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Telomeres are essential for genome stability in all eukaryotes. Changes in telomere functions and the associated chromosomal abnormalities have been implicated in human aging and cancer. Telomeres are composed of repetitive sequences that can be maintained by telomerase, a complex containing a reverse transcriptase (h...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Smogorzewska A,de Lange T

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Active transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm involves primarily three classes of macromolecules: substrates, adaptors, and receptors. Some transport substrates bind directly to an import or an export receptor while others require one or more adaptors to mediate formation of a receptor-substrate complex. Once ass...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Mattaj IW,Englmeier L

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I was born in China and would have remained there but for the tumultuous events that led many of my generation to the United States for graduate studies. Norman Davidson introduced me to DNA when I became a postdoctoral fellow in his group at the California Institute of Technology in 1964, and a fortuitous conversatio...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Wang JC

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past three decades, studies of ancient biomolecules-particularly ancient DNA, proteins, and lipids-have revolutionized our understanding of evolutionary history. Though initially fraught with many challenges, today the field stands on firm foundations. Researchers now successfully retrieve nucleotide and amin...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Cappellini E,Prohaska A,Racimo F,Welker F,Pedersen MW,Allentoft ME,de Barros Damgaard P,Gutenbrunner P,Dunne J,Hammann S,Roffet-Salque M,Ilardo M,Moreno-Mayar JV,Wang Y,Sikora M,Vinner L,Cox J,Evershed RP,Willerslev E

更新日期：2018-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Inactivation of the transcription factor p53, through either direct mutation or aberrations in one of its many regulatory pathways, is a hallmark of virtually every tumor. In recent years, screening for p53 activators and a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of oncogenic perturbations of p53 function hav...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Joerger AC,Fersht AR

更新日期：2016-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The fastest simple, kinetically two-state protein folds a million times more rapidly than the slowest. Here we review many recent theories of protein folding kinetics in terms of their ability to qualitatively rationalize, if not quantitatively predict, this fundamental experimental observation. ...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Gillespie B,Plaxco KW

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protein kinase Akt/PKB is activated via a multistep process by a variety of signals. In the early steps of this process, PI-3 kinase-generated D3-phosphorylated phosphoinositides bind the Akt PH domain and induce the translocation of the kinase to the plasma membrane where it co-localizes with phosphoinositide-dep...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Chan TO,Rittenhouse SE,Tsichlis PN

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptides and proteins have been found to possess an inherent tendency to convert from their native functional states into intractable amyloid aggregates. This phenomenon is associated with a range of increasingly common human disorders, including Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, type II diabetes, and a number of syst...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Chiti F,Dobson CM

更新日期：2017-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the Rab or ARF/Sar branches of the Ras GTPase superfamily regulate almost every step of intracellular membrane traffic. A rapidly growing body of evidence indicates that these GTPases do not act as lone agents but are networked to one another through a variety of mechanisms to coordinate the individual even...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Mizuno-Yamasaki E,Rivera-Molina F,Novick P

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous membrane proteins form multisubunit protein complexes, which contain both integral and peripheral subunits, in addition to prosthetic groups. Bacterial membrane proteins are inserted into the inner membrane by the Sec translocase and YidC insertase. Their folding can be facilitated by YidC and the phospholipi...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Dalbey RE,Wang P,Kuhn A

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The maintenance of the eukaryotic genome requires precisely coordinated replication of the entire genome each time a cell divides. To achieve this coordination, eukaryotic cells use an ordered series of steps to form several key protein assemblies at origins of replication. Recent studies have identified many of the p...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Bell SP,Dutta A

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The determination of several structures of nuclear receptor ligand binding domains (LBD) has led to new insights into the mechanism of action of this very important class of receptors. This review describes and compares the different LBD structures and their relationship to the function of the nuclear receptors. The r...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Weatherman RV,Fletterick RJ,Scanlan TS

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a major human and veterinary pathogen worldwide. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) poses a significant and enduring problem to the treatment of infection by such strains. Resistance is usually conferred by the acquisition of a nonnative gene encoding a penicillin-binding protein (PBP2a), ...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Peacock SJ,Paterson GK

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Homologous recombination (HR) serves to eliminate deleterious lesions, such as double-stranded breaks and interstrand crosslinks, from chromosomes. HR is also critical for the preservation of replication forks, for telomere maintenance, and chromosome segregation in meiosis I. As such, HR is indispensable for the main...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： San Filippo J,Sung P,Klein H

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ryanodine receptors (RyRs)/Ca2+ release channels, on the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum of most cell types, are required for intracellular Ca2+ release involved in diverse cellular functions, including muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release. The large cytoplasmic domain of the RyR serves as a scaffold...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Zalk R,Lehnart SE,Marks AR

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prenylation is a class of lipid modification involving covalent addition of either farnesyl (15-carbon) or geranylgeranyl (20-carbon) isoprenoids to conserved cysteine residues at or near the C-terminus of proteins. Known prenylated proteins include fungal mating factors, nuclear lamins, Ras and Ras-related GTP-bindin...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Zhang FL,Casey PJ

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic, biochemical, and spectroscopic studies have established a new function for an intracellular protein, i.e., guiding and inserting a copper cofactor into the active site of a target enzyme. Studies of these new proteins have revealed a fundamental aspect of copper physiology, namely the vast overcapacity of the...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Huffman DL,O'Halloran TV

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SELEX is a technology for the identification of high affinity oligonucleotide ligands. Large libraries of random sequence single-stranded oligonucleotides, whether RNA or DNA, can be thought of conformationally not as short strings but rather as sequence dependent folded structures with high degrees of molecular rigid...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Gold L,Polisky B,Uhlenbeck O,Yarus M

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In response to microbial infection, the human host deploys metal-sequestering host-defense proteins, which reduce nutrient availability and thereby inhibit microbial growth and virulence. Calprotectin (CP) is an abundant antimicrobial protein released from neutrophils and epithelial cells at sites of infection. CP seq...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Zygiel EM,Nolan EM

更新日期：2018-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of cellular energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is synthesized by the ubiquitous F(1)F(0) ATP synthase. Power for ATP synthesis derives from an electrochemical proton (or Na(+)) gradient, which drives rotation of membranous F(0) motor components. Efficient rotation not only requires a signi...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： von Ballmoos C,Wiedenmann A,Dimroth P

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is an evolutionarily conserved process that corrects mismatches generated during DNA replication and escape proofreading. MMR proteins also participate in many other DNA transactions, such that inactivation of MMR can have wide-ranging biological consequences, which can be either beneficial o...

journal_title：Annual review of biochemistry

authors： Kunkel TA,Erie DA

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00