Abstract:
AIMS:Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment. Despite intense efforts to develop efficient treatments, the current therapies are not often effective and far from satisfactory. Silymarin has been suggested as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of traumatic brain injury. This study aimed to determine whether silymarin can exert neuroprotective effects on memory impairment following mTBI in mice. MAIN METHODS:After mTBI induction, mice were treated with silymarin once daily for 20 consecutive days by oral gavage. To investigate cognitive functions, animals were subjected to Y-maze, novel-object recognition, and Morris-water maze. Levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, glutamate, and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured in the hippocampus. KEY FINDINGS:Our findings showed that mTBI resulted in a significant decline in memory in the Y-maze and Morris-water maze in both sexes, whereas only impaired cognitive function in males in the novel-object recognition. We found notable increases in TNF-α and glutamate levels in the hippocampus of both sexes, while there was only a significant decrease in hippocampal BDNF in mTBI-induced females. In addition, silymarin treatment improved cognitive impairments in mTBI-induced males but not in females. Silymarin significantly reduced TNF-α and glutamate levels, and increased BDNF levels in the hippocampus of mTBI-induced male but not in female mice. SIGNIFICANCE:This study demonstrates that silymarin treatment sex-dependently improves cognitive impairment in mTBI-induced mice, and suggests that silymarin may be a therapeutic agent for cognitive decline following mTBI in males. Further studies are needed to establish the validity of these findings in humans.
journal_name
Life Scijournal_title
Life sciencesauthors
Shokouhi G,Kosari-Nasab M,Salari AAdoi
10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118049subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-09-15 00:00:00pages
118049eissn
0024-3205issn
1879-0631pii
S0024-3205(20)30800-6journal_volume
257pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
LIFE SCIENCES文献大全abstract::The present study was designed to investigate the effects of chronic administration of the alcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna (TAAE) bark on isoproterenol induced myocardial injury. The TAAE was administered orally to Wistar albino rats (150-200 g) in three different doses, by gastric gavage [3.4 mg/kg: (T1), 6.75...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(03)00671-4
更新日期:2003-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::In primary cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells (BACC), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1-38 (PACAP) produced a dose related increase in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) Vmax when measured 48 hours after the beginning of the treatment; a significant increase was observed with 0.5 nM and the maximal ind...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(94)00614-8
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we describe the characterization of the expression of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in whole pancreas and in isolated islets of Langerhans from human. Classical monamine oxidase activity assays reveal that both isoforms A & B are present in human pancreas. Two complementary approaches indicated that both MAO ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00265-9
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The release of liver enzymes is typically used to assess tissue damage following ischemia-reperfusion. The present study was designed to determine the impact of ischemia-reperfusion on liver function and compare these findings with enzyme release. Isolated, perfused rat livers were subjected to low flow ischemia follo...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00668-2
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyloid beta-protein (A beta), the major protein of cerebrovascular and plaque amyloid in Alzheimer disease, is considered a primary factor in the pathology of this disease. The effect of synthetic A beta (1-40) on the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) was studied with histones for a substrate in a mixed micellar ass...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(91)90328-9
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although exposure to broad band (0.2-20 MHz) electromagnetic fields (EMF) is part of the treatment of several diseases, little is known as to their effects on myocardial protein expression and resistance to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). We exposed Sprague-Dawley rats to either high (H, 10 min/day at 200 V/m, 36.1 microT...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2003.12.033
更新日期:2004-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::Gestational exposure to nicotine has been shown to affect development of noradrenergic activity in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. In the current study, pregnant rats received nicotine infusions of 6 mg/kg/day throughout gestation, administered by osmotic minipump implants. After birth, offspring of t...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(90)90185-t
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined, in young adult women, the association between current low dose oral contraceptive (OC) use and plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase reactant predictive of cardiovascular disease risk. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 30 healthy, non-smoking, non-obese women (18 OC users and ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(03)00425-9
更新日期:2003-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::The subcellular distribution of Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was studied in the rat oviduct. The highest content of GABA was found in the soluble fraction. The effect of chemical stimulation of the endogenous GABA efflux from the rat oviduct was examined. High K+ concentrations could not induce elevation of the GABA...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(93)90079-i
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Investigate the involvement of the histaminergic projections from tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) to the spinal cord in the modulation of nociception and peripheral edema in a model of monoarthritis. MAIN METHODS:Subacute monoarthritis was induced by an intraarticular injection of carrageenan followed by LPS 72 h ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118521
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A completely randomized controlled study based on a rabbit model was designed to study the effect of repetitive ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on a spinal cord ischemic reperfusion injury. Twenty four white adult Japanese rabbits were randomly assigned to one of the 3 groups (n = 8 per group): Group I: sham-operation ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.04.014
更新日期:2006-09-05 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Myocardial infarction (MI), an important cause of morbidity and mortality, can be followed by left ventricular dysfunction and cardiomyocyte loss. Cardiac repair mechanisms may subsequently improve left ventricular function. Exercise training has been suggested to have cardioprotective effects against MI damage, bu...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.02.045
更新日期:2019-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cholinergic neurons in the laterodorsal (LDT) and the pedunculopontine (PPT) tegmental nuclei act to promote REM sleep (REMS). The predominantly glutamatergic neurons of the REMS-induction region of the medial pontine reticular formation are in turn activated by cholinergic cells, which results in the occurrence of to...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00649-9
更新日期:2000-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of environmental cues explicitly paired or unpaired with pentobarbital on the thermic effects of pentobarbital and amphetamine were investigated. Rats received 19 injections of pentobarbital in a distinctive environment and were subsequently tested for the thermic effects of pentobarbital and amphetamine i...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(84)90051-1
更新日期:1984-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::Linoleic acid (LA) (n-6) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) (n-3) are essential fatty acids (EFAs) as they cannot be synthesized by humans or other higher animals. In the human body, these fatty acids (FAs) give rise to arachidonic acid (ARA, n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, n-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, n-3) that pla...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.049
更新日期:2018-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammation, inflammatory mediators, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) are all influenced by age-related oxidative status. To investigate the effect of dietary fish oil (FO) and calorie restriction (CR) on oxidative stress-related inflammatory status with age, (NZB/NZW) F1 (B/W) mice were fed ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2005.10.034
更新日期:2006-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::This investigation examines the role of Angiotensin II in renal hemodynamic functions during acute unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in a dog model. An electro magnetic flow probe was utilized to assess renal blood flow while the arteriovenous extraction technique of technetium 99m DTPA was utilized for the assess...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(88)90495-x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibitors of neuronal norepinephrine (NE) uptake are useful for the treatment of a variety of diseases including depression and urinary incontinence. In the present study, we synthesized and evaluated a novel analog of the potent and selective NE uptake inhibitor, nisoxetine. Thionisoxetine more potently inhibited th...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(95)00166-4
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory performance, heart rate and blood pressure were studied in halothane anesthetized rats after administration of taurine and the putative taurine antagonist 6-aminomethyl-3-methyl-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1, 1-dioxide hydrochloride (TAG). Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) taurine depressed ventilation due to...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(83)90720-8
更新日期:1983-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were done to examine the analgesic effect of thiorphan alone or in combination with stress in mice. Analgesia was assessed by measuring jump latencies from a 55 degrees C hot plate. Thiorphan exhibited weak analgesic properties evidenced by significant increases in jump latencies only after 300 mg/kg i.p. ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(82)90338-1
更新日期:1982-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence suggests that the Type 1 opiate receptor (in rat striatal patches) is a mobile receptor which is able to adopt a mu, delta, or kappa opiate receptor ligand selectivity pattern under appropriate conditions. In this paper, we have investigated such a possibility for Type 2 opiate receptors which are visu...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(82)90183-7
更新日期:1982-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Convulsive seizures are a potential side effect of antidepressant drug treatment and can be produced by all classes of antidepressants. It is also known that some convulsant and anticonvulsant drug actions are mediated by the GABA-receptor chloride-ionophore complex. Drugs acting at this complex appear to induce convu...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(88)90107-5
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the effects of prenatal cocaine administration on the development of vascular sympathetic innervation and contractile responsiveness. Rabbits received cocaine (4 mg/kg, iv, bid) or saline during gestational days 8 to 29. Aortas were obtained on postnatal days 10, 20, 30 and 50. Vascular smooth musc...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(94)00765-9
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cumulative damage in cells from aged people could lead to a greater fragility against acute oxidative stress. The effects of acute oxidative stress on cell viability, cAMP and cGMP concentrations, and protein synthesis rates were studied in lymphocytes from 25 young and 26 elderly subjects. Lymphocytes were exposed to...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(98)00231-8
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The energy balance equation applicable to all living organisms was used as a framework on which to construct a critical review of some of the more controversial aspects of the obesity problem. The equation matches energy intake against all the known forms of work that the body does in utilizing that energy, including ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(88)90286-x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The present study aimed to investigate the ability of hesperidin to suppress the migration and invasion of A549 cells, and to investigate the role of the SDF-1/CXCR-4 cascade in this suppression. METHODS:We performed a Transwell migration assay to measure the migratory capability of A549 cells treated with 0...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2018.03.046
更新日期:2018-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The antiarrhythmic and cardioprotective drug stobadine, possessing antioxidant and neuroprotective properties, was studied as to its in vitro effect on aggregation of human blood platelets. Pretreatment of platelets with stobadine for 30 s inhibited stimulated platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent way. Depending on...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00460-9
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of T3 on amino acid accumulation and on the membrane potential of Sertoli cells of immature rat testes. Testes of pre-pubertal and pubertal rats were pre-incubated (30 min) in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer and incubated in the presence of [14C]methylaminoisobut...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01186-9
更新日期:2001-07-13 00:00:00
abstract::Concanavalin A enhanced the rat rectal absorption of phenol red and cefoxitin at pH 7.4 and the uptake of cefoxitin into brush border membrane vesicles prepared from rat rectal membrane. The enhancing action of concanavalin A demonstrated a sodium ion dependency and was inhibited by the presence of 4,4'-diisothiocyano...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(84)90496-x
更新日期:1984-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::CGS 10746B, a benzothiadiazepine, has a behavioral profile in mice and monkeys similar to the atypical antipsychotic clozapine. Unlike clozapine, CGS 10746B suppresses dopamine neuron firing rates and, when administered at behaviorally effective doses by the oral or intraperitoneal route, decreases neostriatal dopamin...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(86)90017-2
更新日期:1986-08-25 00:00:00