Abstract:
:Bilateral electrodermal orienting responses were measured to repeated auditory stimuli in schizophrenic patients and controls. In 3 studies phasic activity to moderate intensity sounds of patients on no drugs or phenothiazines was predominantly hyper- or hypo-responsive. Controls showed moderate or slow habituation. Propranolol was found to facilitate habituation in slow habituators and to reinstate responses in half of non-responders, especially when given as the sole drug. The effects seldom had a counterpart in changes in non-specific responses or levels of skin conductance. Modulatory influences on stimulus and response processing and on lateral asymmetries in responses may underlie propranolol's efficacy in treating schizophrenia.
journal_name
Psychol Medjournal_title
Psychological medicineauthors
Gruzelier J,Connolly J,Eves F,Hirsch S,Zaki S,Weller M,Yorkston Ndoi
10.1017/s0033291700053319subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-02-01 00:00:00pages
93-108issue
1eissn
0033-2917issn
1469-8978journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients may present with cognitive impairment in the euthymic phase of affective disorder, but it is unclear whether the impairment is prevalent before onset of the illness. The aim of the present study was to examine the hypothesis that genetic liability to affective disorder is associated with cognitive i...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291706007896
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is highly co-morbid with depression. Depression is associated with elevated levels of the inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP), cross-sectionally and over time. To date, no studies have looked at the association between CRP and GAD. METHOD:A total of nine waves of ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291712000554
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Impaired emotion regulation may underlie exaggerated emotional reactivity in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), yet instructed emotion regulation has never been studied in the disorder. METHOD:This study aimed to assess the neural correlates of emotion processing and regulation in 43 medicat...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291715001026
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Aberrant functional connectivity within the default network is generally assumed to be involved in the pathophysiology of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD); however, the genetic risk of default network connectivity in OCD remains largely unknown. METHOD:Here, we systematically investigated default network...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291713002250
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Scientific interest in the therapeutic effects of classical psychedelics has increased in the past two decades. The psychological effects of these substances outside the period of acute intoxication have not been fully characterized. This study aimed to: (1) quantify the effects of psilocybin, ayahuasca, and...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329172000389X
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Seeking compensation has been shown to have an adverse effect on the psychological health and recovery of injured patients, however, this effect requires clarification. METHODS:A total of 2019 adults sustaining a traffic injury were recruited. Of these, 709 (35.1%) lodged a compensation claim. Interviews oc...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329172000166X
更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred and nineteen primiparae, who were routinely attending ante-natal clinics, were interviewed repeatedly between the 12th and 36th weeks of their pregnancies. The incidence of depression was highest in the first trimester and, overall, about a fifth of the sample was found to be suffering from clinically sign...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700018912
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Twenty states currently require that women seeking abortion be counseled on possible psychological responses, with six states stressing negative responses. The majority of research finds that women whose unwanted pregnancies end in abortion do not subsequently have adverse mental health outcomes; scant resea...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291717001684
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Complicated grief is a distinct psychological response of individuals facing the loss of a loved one and can lead to many types of adverse health outcomes. Although social support may be beneficial, few studies have examined the beneficial effects of helpful support on complicated grief following bereavement...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S0033291715001658
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Depression has been associated with abnormalities in neural underpinnings of Reward Learning (RL). However, inconsistencies have emerged, possibly owing to medication effects. Additionally, it remains unclear how neural RL signals relate to real-life behaviour. The current study, therefore, examined neural R...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291718003446
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There have been conflicting reports on time trends in urban-rural differences in the incidence of schizophrenia. This study explored the potential time trends in these differences with regard to birth cohort and age at onset. METHOD:Linking data from the Danish Civil Registration system with data from the D...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329170500663X
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Feedback learning is essential for behavioral development. We investigated feedback learning in relation to behavior problems after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHOD:Children aged 6-13 years diagnosed with TBI (n = 112; 1.7 years post-injury) were compared with children with traumatic control (...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291716000106
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of physostigmine on test performance of a patient with multiple cognitive deficits were observed in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Scores on tests of learning and memory and tests of visuo-spatial and constructional ability were both improved by physostigmine, while lecithin improved scores only...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700024867
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A number of scales are used to estimate the severity of depression. However, differences between self-report and clinician rating, multi-dimensionality and different weighting of individual symptoms in summed scores may affect the validity of measurement. In this study we examined and integrated the psychome...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291707001730
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study examined the associations between accelerometer-derived sedentary time (ST), lower intensity physical activity (LPA), higher intensity physical activity (HPA) and the incidence of depressive symptoms over 4 years of follow-up. METHODS:We included 2082 participants from The Maastricht Study (mean ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720004924
更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is thought to be useful for chronic pain, with the pathology of the latter being closely associated with cognitive-emotional components. However, there are few resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) studies. We used the independent component analysis m...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291717002598
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The rate of binocular rivalry has been reported to be slower in subjects with bipolar disorder than in controls when tested with drifting, vertical and horizontal gratings of high spatial frequency. METHOD:Here we assess the rate of binocular rivalry with stationary, vertical and horizontal gratings of low ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291703007475
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This two-stage prevalence survey involved geographically delimited areas, four urban (Liverpool, Newcastle, Nottingham and Oxford) and two rural (Cambridgeshire and Gwynedd), including institutions. METHODS:Stratified random population samples of people in their 65th year and above, from Family Health Servi...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291797006272
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A non-recursive structural equation model designed to examine the reciprocal relationship between life event reports and depressive symptoms in women is presented. The model was fitted to data from a 2-year longitudinal study of life events and depression in a sample of women with 5-year-old children. The findings sug...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s003329170001984x
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Factor analysis has been employed to identify latent variables that are unifying constructs and that parsimoniously describe correlations among a related group of variables. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to test hypothesized factor structures for a set of variables; it can also, as in this paper be us...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291797005710
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty patients with bulimia nervosa were followed up for a minimum length of 5 years. Standardized interviews, observer-rated instruments and self-rated questionnaires were employed both at entry and at completion of the follow-up period. After tracing, the positive response rate was 72%; one patient had died. At the ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700038526
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States, few recent American studies have examined the attributes of long-term heavy cannabis users. METHOD:Using a case-control design, we obtained psychological and demographic measures on 108 individuals, age 30-55, who had smoked cannab...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291703008560
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The present study tested the hypothesis of a differential pattern of reward and punishment responsiveness in depression measuring effort mobilization during anticipation and facial expressions during consumption. METHODS:Twenty patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 20 control participants worked...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291718001526
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Moodscope is an entirely service-user-developed online mood-tracking and feedback tool with built-in social support, designed to stabilize and improve mood. Many free internet tools are available with no assessment of acceptability, validity or usefulness. This study provides an exemplar for future assessmen...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291712002280
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-eight boys, referred for psychiatric treatment because of serious problems of behaviour, underwent a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of methylphenidate and placebo. Methylphenidate was an effective treatment over a 3-week period. A good response to methylphenidate was predicted by higher level...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700013039
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diversity of research methods applied to psychiatric disorders results in a confusing plethora of causal claims. To help make sense of these claims, the interventionist model (IM) of causality has several attractive features. First, it connects causation with the practical interests of psychiatry, defining causati...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.1017/S0033291708004467
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neurocognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar (BD) and related disorders represents a core feature of these illnesses, possibly a marker of underlying pathophysiology. Substantial overlap in domains of neuropsychological deficits has been reported among these disorders after illness onset. Howeve...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0033291710001042
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The World Mental Health Survey Initiative (WMHSI) has advanced our understanding of mental disorders by providing data suitable for analysis across many countries. However, these data have not yet been fully explored from a cross-national lifespan perspective. In particular, there is a shortage of research o...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291713001116
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Gulf War veterans have a number of health complaints. We therefore decided to carry out a systematic review to identify and summarize the findings from studies that have assessed multi-symptom conditions in Gulf War veterans and in an unexposed comparison group. METHOD:Studies published between January 1990...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1017/S0033291705006975
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To assess the prevalence and clinical impact of co-morbid social anxiety disorder (SAD) and alcohol use disorders (AUD, i.e. alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence) in a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States. METHOD:Data came from a large representative sample of the US population. F...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291709991231
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00