Abstract:
:This study examined the effects of intrahippocampal injections of scopolamine (a muscarinic antagonist drug) on performance of a working-memory task (contingently reinforced T-maze alternation) and a reference-memory task (visual discrimination) by the same rats in the same maze. Rats in the first shipment were trained in delayed alternation, received bilateral implantation of cannulae aimed at the CA 3 field of the dorsal hippocampus, and were tested for retention with 1 microliter microinjections of scopolamine (35 micrograms) and saline on alternate days. These rats were then trained on visual discrimination and tested alternately under scopolamine or saline as described above. It was found that scopolamine impaired performance of delayed alternation to a greater extent than performance of visual discrimination. Data from rats in the second shipment replicated this finding, with the order of the tasks reversed, and, additionally, showed that delayed alternation, but not visual discrimination, was impaired at a dose of 12 micrograms/microliter. A dose of 4 micrograms/microliter had no effect on either task. It is concluded that performance of a working-memory task is significantly more sensitive to disruption of cholinergic mechanisms in the hippocampus than performance of a reference-memory task.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Brito GN,Davis BJ,Stopp LC,Stanton MEdoi
10.1007/BF00427569subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-01-01 00:00:00pages
315-20issue
4eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
81pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONALE:It has been demonstrated that major differences between mice of the C57BL/6J and DBA/2J inbred strains for amphetamine-induced place conditioning (preference and avoidance, respectively) are evident in standard housing conditions but abolished by temporary restricted feeding. This gene-experience model may be...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1647-z
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The opioid antagonist effects of systemically administered nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI) were evaluated against the kappa agonists CI-977, U69,593, U50,488, ethylketocyclazocine (EKC), Mr2034 and bremazocine, the mu agonist morphine and the alkaloid delta agonist BW-373U86 in the acetic acid-induced writhing assay in ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245071
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The widespread deficits in cognitive flexibility observed across psychiatric disorders call for improved rodent tests to understand the biology of cognitive flexibility and development of better psychotherapeutics. Current reversal learning paradigms have a forced-choice setup that challenges the interpretati...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05687-6
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pigeons trained under a two-key drug discrimination procedure eventually learned to discriminate 5 mg/kg phenytoin from saline injections. When 1.25-20 mg/kg doses of phenytoin were substituted for the training dose, the percentage of responses directed to the phenytoin-appropriate key varied directly with dose. Chlor...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00433021
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Subthreshold smokers (who smoke < or =5 cigarettes/day) experience withdrawal symptoms, yet they smoke less than is required to maintain serum nicotine levels. OBJECTIVES:For study 1, our aim was to determine (1) if adult subthreshold smokers report withdrawal symptoms; (2) how they rate symptom severity; (3...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0497-x
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) re-uptake inhibitors (SNRIs) have been proposed to have a higher efficacy and/or faster onset of action than previously available antidepressants. OBJECTIVES:We examined in biochemical, electrophysiological and behavioural assays the antidepressant properties of (S)-(...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0087-3
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine depressed patients were treated with alaproclate, a selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor, for 3 weeks in a dose of 400 mg daily. The pupillary responses to tyramine, phenylephrine, and pilocarpine eye drops were measured on consecutive days before, after 1 week and after 3 weeks of treatment. The tyramine-induced mydr...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427324
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Severe, traumatic stress or repeated exposure to stress can result in long-term deleterious effects, including hippocampal cell atrophy and death, which, in turn, result in memory impairments and behavioural abnormalities. The dopaminergic D(2) receptor agonist, bromocriptine, has been shown to modulate learn...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-007-0801-4
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Pharmacological manipulation of serotonergic neurotransmission in healthy volunteers impacts on cognitive test performance. Specifically, markers of serotonin function are associated with attention and executive functioning, long-term memory, and general cognitive ability. The serotonin transporter (SERT) pro...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1926-4
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metergoline given IP reduced the response to noxious stimulation in the mouse formalin test. Tolerance to this effect developed after a chronic treatment schedule consisting of ten daily injections of 5 mg/kg. Twenty four hours after the last injection a test dose of metergoline (2.5 mg/kg) reduced the licking time in...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02439580
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:It has been reported that in panic disorder (PD), tryptophan depletion enhances the vulnerability to experimentally induced panic, while the administration of serotonin precursors blunts the response to challenges. OBJECTIVES:Using a high-dose carbon dioxide (CO(2)) challenge, we aimed to investigate the eff...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2177-8
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Animal studies indicate that dopamine pathways in the ventral striatum code for the motivational salience of both rewarding and aversive stimuli, but evidence for this mechanism in humans is less established. We have developed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) model which permits examination of t...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2278-4
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to study the role of dopamine (DA) in the regulation of seizure mechanisms in man, a non-emetic dose of apomorphine, a direct stimulant of DA receptors, was administered to eight patients effected by different types of epilepsy. The EEG changes induced by apomorphine administration in comparison to those elic...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00427814
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The pharmacological profile of escitalopram, the S-(+)-enantiomer of citalopram, was studied and compared with citalopram and the R-(-)-enantiomer, R-citalopram. METHODS:Inhibition of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) was studied in COS-1 cells expressing the human 5-HTT (h-5-HTT) and in rat brain synaptosom...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1364-z
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Withdrawal was precipitated by naloxone at different intervals, up to 22.5 h, following a last maintenance injection in morphine-dependent rats. Different symptoms of withdrawal were found to be preeminent following different morphine-naloxone intervals. Locomotor activity, jumping, and writhing were precipitated most...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426773
更新日期:1977-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Three-hour sessions of differential reinforcement of low-rate behavior (DRL 45-s) in rats were used to investigate alprazolam, caffeine, and their interactions at the onset, peak and disappearance of serum alprazolam, while caffeine level remained constant. The dose-response curve (DRC) method of Pöch permitted an ext...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02246346
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Pramipexole is a dopamine agonist which binds selectively to dopamine D(3) and D(2) receptors. There is evidence that, in addition to its beneficial effects in parkinsonism, this compound may also be of value in addressing symptomatology associated with depressive diseases. OBJECTIVES:The present study was a...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1199-7
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Acute nicotine abstinence is associated with disruption of executive function and reward processes; however, the neurobiological basis of these effects has not been fully elucidated. METHODS:The effects of nicotine abstinence on brain function during reward-based probabilistic decision making were preliminar...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2404-3
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The four homoeopathic drugs, Gelsemium, Cannabis Indica, Graphites and Agaricus Muscarius, administered orally in 30th and 200th potencies on white rats, enhanced restraint-induced catalepsy in a similar manner to the two standard drugs pilocarpine and haloperidol (IP injection at 5 mg/kg). All the drugs tested differ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00174371
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the third week of life, a hyperactive period for laboratory rat, the occurrence of 8 behavioral categories was recorded in individual littermates transferred to a novel environment. Neonatal destruction of the catecholaminergic system by intraventricular injection of 6-OH-DA resulted in increased motor activity...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426882
更新日期:1978-04-28 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Recent studies have shown that pharmacological inhibition of the 12-lipoxygenase pathway selectively blocks opioid inhibition of GABAergic synaptic currents. A similar mechanism has been shown for the regulation of glutamate release in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) during acute withdrawal from morphine, al...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1526-7
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This was a 4-week, three-center, double-blind, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled evaluation of the efficacy and safety of bupropion in hospitalized depressed patients. Results from 27 placebo and 48 bupropion-treated patients were analyzed for efficacy and safety. Assessments of efficacy and safety were made at...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00433415
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This research compares the effects, in mice and rats, of desmethylclomipramine (DCLOM) and clomipramine (CLOM). DCLOM antagonized the hypothermia induced in mice by reserpine or apomorphine to a much greater extent than CLOM. Reserpine ptosis in mice was depressed by DCLOM only. Similarly, only DCLOM was effective in ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00432256
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Second-generation antipsychotics occupy dopamine D2 receptors and act as antagonists or partial agonists at these receptors. While these drugs alleviate positive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, they are less effective for treating cognitive deficits and negative symptoms. Dopamine D3 receptors are hi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4382-y
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Beneficial effects of nicotine on cognitive processes including attention have potential therapeutic uses and have been proposed as incentives for tobacco smoking. OBJECTIVES:To establish task conditions under which the effects of nicotine on attention are obtained reliably and to characterise such effects f...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1005-6
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anxiolytic activity of diazepam (DZP) (0.25-1 mg/kg) was investigated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic adult Charles Foster albino rats of either sex. Diabetes was induced by injecting STZ IP (50 mg/kg; in citrate buffer, pH 4.5). Experiments were performed 72 h later. The rats were subjected to various an...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050523
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Endogenous and exogenous cannabinoids acting through the CB1 cannabinoid receptors are implicated in the control of a variety of behavioural and neuroendocrine functions, including emotional responses, and learning and memory processes. Recently, knockout mice deficient in the CB1 cannabinoid receptor have be...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-001-0946-5
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel form of experimentally-induced conflict behavior based on the conditioned suppression of drinking (CSD) is described and compared with two conventional animal models of human anxiety--a modified Geller-Seifter and an Estes-Skinner (Conditioned Emotional Response) procedure. The CSD procedure offered significan...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427112
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The beneficial effects of psychostimulant drugs in the treatment of psychiatric disorders occur because they increase the extracellular dopamine concentration by inhibiting re-uptake of extracellular dopamine at dopamine transporters. However, the psychological effects at low dopamine transporter occupancy ha...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4464-x
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate prospectively interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) associated effects on cerebral glucose metabolism and its correlation to neuropsychiatric symptoms during low-dose IFN-alpha-treatment. METHODS:Eleven patients treated with low-dose IFN-alpha for chronic hepatitis C were prospectively evaluated by neurop...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130000549
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00