Abstract：
:In several diseases where the immune system plays an important role there has been a tremendous progress in treatment efficacy during the last decades. Based on necessary basic science these improvements are results of rapid, numerous and open-minded clinical trials where pieces of positive results step by step have been added into treatment schemes. Treatment of Type 1 diabetes has certainly improved but too slowly. It has been difficult to convince the scientific community of opinions which among non-professionals have been regarded as common sense such as the value of normal blood glucose and preservation of insulin secretion. Lack of motivation to participate in clinical trials has slowed down progress, as well as too narrow views on both pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes and how studies should be designed to test therapeutic interventions. Studies in experimental animals can create and support hypothesis for human conditions but must not delay clinical trials too long. There is already evidence enough for intervention trials where immune suppression is combined with antigen treatment, beta cell protection, anti-inflammatory treatment, and efforts to stimulate beta cell regeneration. Regimens should be elaborated and first tried in those groups of patients where response can be expected to be best, and thereafter adjusted to increase efficacy step-wise, and in broader patient categories.
journal_name
Immunol Lettjournal_title
Immunology lettersauthors
Ludvigsson Jdoi
10.1016/j.imlet.2014.02.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-05-01 00:00:00pages
30-5issue
1-2eissn
0165-2478issn
1879-0542pii
S0165-2478(14)00028-5journal_volume
159pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The cell-surface glycoproteins encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) bind to processed foreign antigens and present them to T lymphocytes. Two classes of MHC molecules and their corresponding gene sequences have been extensively studied in eutherian mammals and birds, but data on the marsupial MHC are ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(00)00314-x
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lethally irradiated (1000 rad) CBA/J mice were transplanted with anti-Thy 1 treated BALB/c bone marrow. Under these conditions, we uniformly observed the development of pathology suggestive of acute graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD), i.e. weight loss, diarrhoea, hypogammaglobulinemia and thymic hypoplasia. If, 2 wk before...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(85)90109-9
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have reported that a cell line, KML1, obtained from lymph node cells of a 16-week-old female MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/1) mouse produces a soluble factor(s) that promotes formation of anti-single-stranded (ss) DNA antibodies by cultures of spleen cells from old MRL/l mice (greater than 16 weeks old). Detailed examination...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(90)90035-o
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A murine monoclonal antibody (IgG) has been generated that binds to DNA modified with osmium tetroxide in the presence of 2,2'-bipyridine and does not interact with unmodified DNA. Reactivity of the antibody was tested by gel retardation assay, ELISA, dot-binding assay and immunoblotting. The results obtained suggest ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(91)90084-n
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 19S proteasome regulatory particle plays a critical role in cellular proteolysis. However, emerging evidence suggests roles for 19S proteasome subunits in regulating yeast and mammalian transcription. It has been previously shown that Sug1 is important for the transcription of MHC II molecules. We report here that...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2012.06.005
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mimotopes derived from peptide phage display libraries may reproduce basic functions of epitopes including their antigenicity. In case of toxins, this property makes phage displayed mimotopes highly specific vaccine components free of the toxicity. To explore the potential of mimotopes for vaccine development, their a...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(01)00320-0
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mouse trisomy 16 (Ts16), an animal model for human Down syndrome (trisomy 21), exhibits severe abnormalities in the development of lymphoid and myeloid cells. Whereas fetal liver cells from diploid mice can be easily immortalized by retroviral transformation with Ab1-MuLV or J2 virus, fetal livers from Ts16 mice conta...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(92)90092-3
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human factor H protein family comprises six plasma glycoproteins. Earlier we described a membranal factor H-related (mFHR) molecule that is expressed by human B lymphoblastoid cell lines and exerts cofactor activity. In our present study we screened human blood cells for the presence of mFHR proteins and further c...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(01)00194-8
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To explore the genetic association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding region of the NOTCH4, exon 3 C+1297T and exon 5 A+3063G, in a case-control analysis of 58 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 98 alopecia areata (AA) and 100 ethnically matched healthy subjects. NOTCH4 polymorphisms were genotyped by ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2013.01.002
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple antigen peptides (MAP), consisting of a number of peptide copies synthesized on a branching lysyl core, offer a novel approach for rendering small peptides immunoreactive in solid-phase immunoassays. An octameric MAP, carrying 6 repeats of the sequence -N-A-A-G-, tandem repeated in the immunodominant region o...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(91)90092-o
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An effective HIV vaccine will likely need to induce potent and broad-based immunity, including CD8+ T cell responses. Hence, a quantitative assay to measure such responses in animal models will be important in the evaluation of candidate HIV vaccines. We show here that a single immunization with HIV DNA vaccines, foll...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(02)00237-7
更新日期：2003-01-22 00:00:00
abstract：:RasGRP1 links TCR signaling to Ras in T cells, while both RasGRP1 and RasGRP3 link BCR signaling to Ras in B cells. T cells deficient in RasGRP1 have defective proliferative responses as do B cells deficient in both RasGRP1 and RasGRP3, confirming the importance of Ras activation in lymphocyte proliferation. While age...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2006.01.005
更新日期：2006-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A monoclonal human rheumatoid factor (RF-AN) reactive with human Fc gamma is shown to recognise a discontinuous epitope dependent on the presence of histidine (His) at residue 435. RF-AN is not reactive with IgG1 paraproteins having C gamma 2 or C gamma 3 domain deletions or IgG3m (5) or Ig3m (21) proteins having argi...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(84)90042-7
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lyophilized bacterial lysates, which actively stimulate the immune response, are widely used as vaccines or 'biological response modifiers' in subjects with recurrent bacterial respiratory infections. Since vaccines are indicated in the absence or in the presence of a weak constitutive immune response activity, a bett...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(02)00290-0
更新日期：2003-03-03 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Intrahepatic injection of alloantigen prolongs allograft survival and inhibits T-lymphocyte release of both IL-2 and IFN-gamma but not IL-4. This suggests that intrahepatic processing of antigen lead to a predominance of Th2 cell population with inhibition of Th1 cell type. This study examines the effects ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(01)00322-4
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in ocular inflammation, we examined the localization of MIF in the normal anterior uveal tract of rats. Immunohistochemistry using an anti-MIF antibody revealed that MIF was present in non-pigment epithelial cells of the ciliary body and the epithel...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(96)02600-4
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A survey of the appearance of natural antibodies in C57BL/6 mice, measured by a complement-dependent cytotoxicity test against syngeneic radiation leukemia virus-induced lymphoma, was performed. Activity could be detected in sera from 5- to 14-month-old animals. This activity could be attributed mainly to IgM antibodi...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(81)90074-2
更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cells engulf particles larger than 0.5 μm in diameter by phagocytosis, which is driven by cytoskeletal rearrangements. Phagocytosis by alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) helps to maintain the alveolar homeostasis. Yes-associated protein (YAP), a transcriptional coactivator of the Hippo pathway, affects proliferation, di...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2020.06.009
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The biological activity of six synthetic peptides of the 124-144 region of the human interferon alpha-2 (IFN alpha-2) molecule was studied. Peptides were examined for their ability to inhibit mitogen induced proliferation of human blood cells in vitro. Only the peptide corresponding to the amino acid sequence 124-138 ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(92)90004-8
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microparticles are recently recognized players of intercellular communication. They are involved in signal transduction, cell activation and apoptosis. Their importance is also suggested in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic sclerosis. We investigated the role of microparticles in polymyosit...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2009.12.018
更新日期：2010-02-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Granulomatous inflammation around parasite eggs is the prominent lesion in human schistosomiasis. Studies have suggested the involvement of a series of suppressive mechanisms in the control of this reaction, such as macrophages, cytokines, idiotypic interactions and immune complexes (IC). The studies examine the role ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(98)00026-1
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well-established that chemokines play a critical role in the orchestration of inflammation and immunity. Interactions between chemokines and their receptors are essential for the homing of specific subsets of leukocytes to their functional microenvironments. They also influence other diverse biological processes...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2004.08.018
更新日期：2005-01-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Yolkin is a product of proteolytic degradation of vitellogenin, a protein contained in eggs' yolk, with already described procognitive properties. Here, we investigated effects of yolkin on the humoral and cellular immune response in mice, phenotype of cells from lymphoid organs and function of innate immunity cells. ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2020.01.003
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The induction characteristics of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) after footpad immunization were studied. Primary CTL were generated in the regional lymph nodes of C57Bl/6 mice by footpad injection with 10(7) irradiated (2000 rad) spleen cells from MHC class I muta...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(94)90073-6
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During a pathogenic infection, an inflammatory process is triggered in which several inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, complement system components, nitric oxide, and others induce integrity alteration on the endothelial barrier. Chemokines are responsible for regulating leukocyte ...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2019.06.001
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two types of inhibition of basic peptide-induced rat mast cell secretion are reported. Pretreatment of rat peritoneal mast cells with Vibrio comma neuraminidase, an enzyme which cleaves sialic acid from oligosaccharides, led to inhibition of 5-hydroxytryptamine release induced by the basic peptides polylysine, cortico...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-2478(82)90134-1
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Screening of expression cDNA libraries derived from human neoplasms with autologous sera (SEREX) is an established method for defining antigens immunogenic in individual cancer patients. Although the majority of SEREX-derived cDNA clones encode autoantigens, some of them represent shared cancer antigens with cancer-re...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-2478(02)00209-2
更新日期：2003-01-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Interleukin 18 (IL-18) gene polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with the outcomes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Americans, Indians and Europeans. We aimed to investigate whether the association can be replicated in Chinese Han population. Three IL-18 variants, -656G>T, -137G>C and +105A>C, were...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2013.08.007
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a T cell-derived cytokine modulating T cell, B cell, and natural killer cell responses. To determine whether IL-21 contributes to pathologic processes, recombinant IL-21 receptor (R) fusion protein (rhIL-21R-Fc) was examined in mice models of autoimmune arthritis (collagen-induced arthritis)....
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2014.09.007
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an effective way to cure hematological malignancies. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following transplantation limits the clinical application to some extent. The donor T lymphocytes play a central role in the occurrence and development of GVH...
journal_title：Immunology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.imlet.2011.01.010
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
