Capturing changes in dietary patterns among older adults: a latent class analysis of an ageing Irish cohort.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:Data-driven approaches to dietary patterns are under-utilized; latent class analyses (LCA) are particularly rare. The present study used an LCA to identify subgroups of people with similar dietary patterns, explore changes in dietary patterns over a 10-year period and relate these dynamics to sociodemographic factors and health outcomes. DESIGN:The 1998 baseline and 2008 follow-up of the Cork and Kerry Diabetes and Heart Disease Study. Diets were assessed with a standard FFQ. LCA, under the assumption of conditional independence, was used to identify mutually exclusive subgroups with different dietary patterns, based on food group consumption. SETTING:Republic of Ireland. SUBJECTS:Men and women aged 50-69 years at baseline (n 923) and at 10-year follow-up (n 320). RESULTS:Three dietary classes emerged: Western, Healthy and Low-Energy. Significant differences in demographic, lifestyle and health outcomes were associated with class membership. Between baseline and follow-up most people remained 'stable' in their dietary class. Most of those who changed class moved to the Healthy class. Higher education was associated with transition to a healthy diet; lower education was associated with stability in an unhealthy pattern. Transition to a healthy diet was associated with higher CVD risk factors at baseline: respondents were significantly more likely to be smokers, centrally obese and to have hypertension (non-significant). CONCLUSIONS:LCA is useful for exploring dietary patterns transitions. Understanding the predictors of longitudinal stability/transitions in dietary patterns will help target public health initiatives by identifying subgroups most/least likely to change and most/least likely to sustain a change.

journal_name

Public Health Nutr

journal_title

Public health nutrition

authors

Harrington JM,Dahly DL,Fitzgerald AP,Gilthorpe MS,Perry IJ

doi

10.1017/S1368980014000111

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-12-01 00:00:00

pages

2674-86

issue

12

eissn

1368-9800

issn

1475-2727

pii

S1368980014000111

journal_volume

17

pub_type

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