Abstract：
:Doses of eight phenylethylamines were substituted for cocaine on a drug-maintained behavior baseline in baboons. Intravenous infusions of drug were contingent upon completion of 160 lever presses (a 160-response fixed-ratio schedule; FR 160). A 3-h time-out period followed each infusion, permitting a maximum of 8 infusions per day. Fenfluramine was the only drug that did not maintain self-infusion performance at any dose tested. d-Amphetamine was approximately 10 times more potent than phentermine, phenmetrazine or diethylpropion, and 20 to 30 times more potent than methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), clortermine or chlorphentermine, in maintaining self-infusion behavior. Some doses of d-amphetamine and phentermine produced a cyclic pattern of drug intake over days. Increasing self-infused doses of all drugs produced a substantial suppression of concurrent food-maintained behavior. There was no clear relation between the potency of the phenylethylamines in maintaining self-infusion performance and the potency in suppressing food-maintained behavior which indicates that different mechanisms may underlie the two effects. Examination of chemical structures indicates that substitution on the phenyl ring may decrease the potency of phenylethylamines in maintaining self-infusion behavior.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Griffiths RR,Winger G,Brady JV,Snell JDdoi
10.1007/BF00426841subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1976-11-24 00:00:00pages
251-8issue
3eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract：RATIONALE:The circumstances of drug taking are thought to play a role in drug abuse but the evidence of it is anecdotal. Previous studies have shown that the intravenous self-administration of cocaine is facilitated in rats non-residing in the test chambers relative to rats that live in the test chambers at all times. ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-008-1154-3
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of clozapine (CLOZ) upon acquired schedule-induced polydipsia in rats were compared to the effects of the dopamine (DA) D1 antagonist SCH 23390 (SCH) and the DA D2 antagonist raclopride (RAC). All three compounds suppressed water consumption, but only SCH and RAC decreased drinking efficiency. SCH was the ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02245706
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) has been implicated as a target in modulating nicotine reward. However, the effect of pharmacological agents that have been shown to alter the channel properties of the α7 nAChR is not well understood in nicotine reward. OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to investiga...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-019-05331-y
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The reinforcing effects of stimulant drugs such as D-amphetamine, caffeine, and cocaine are modulated by behavioral demands following drug administration. OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to assess the reinforcing effects of methylphenidate under different behavioral demands using a modified progres...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-004-1946-z
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chlordiazepoxide (CDP) and amphetamine (AMPH) were tested, alone or in combination, in BALB/c mice pretreated with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMT) and subjected to shuttle-box avoidance training. CDP and AMPH, given alone, partly reversed avoidance depression induced by 50 mg/kg of AMT, but were ineffective in mice pret...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00433495
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Major depression is a chronic disabling disorder, often preceded by stress. Despite emerging clinical interest in mechanisms perpetuating episodes of depression and/or establishing increased vulnerability for relapse, little attention has been paid to address these aspects in experimental models. Here, we stu...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-010-1835-6
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Rolipram, an inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE4) produces discriminative stimulus effects in rats. These effects may be related to a wide range of central nervous system effects described previously. OBJECTIVE:The purposes of the present study were to: (i) assess the specificity of the discrimin...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130100878
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Several recent studies have focused on glutamate modulating agents for symptoms relief in schizophrenia, especially negative symptoms which are resistant to conventional therapies. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to assess the efficacy and tolerability of riluzole, an anti-glutamate agent with neuroprotective properties...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-013-3261-z
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a double-blind, balanced crossover study, eight healthy male volunteers ingested either DL-308 (10 mg), DL-308 (20 mg), oxazepam (30 mg) or placebo. Subjective estimates of coordination and anxiety, objective performance measurements and cardiovascular measurements were taken at 1, 3, 5 and 8 h after ingestion. DL-...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00427573
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Several different animal models are currently used to research the neurodegenerative movement disorder Parkinson's disease (PD). RESULTS:Models based on the genetic deficits associated with a small percentage of sufferers demonstrate the pathological accumulation of alpha-synuclein characteristic of the dis...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00213-007-0931-8
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously demonstrated that depletion of forebrain norepinephrine (NE) led to an attenuation of neophobia in a novel environment, as defined by a greater preference for novel food over familiar food. To study further the role of forebrain NE in neophobia we chronically infused noradrenergic receptor ligands o...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02253601
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Traumatic events are associated with alcohol use problems with increased alcohol craving as a potential mediator. There is still a lack of knowledge regarding the causal nature of this association and its underlying mechanisms. This study investigated the effects of acute trauma exposure on alcohol craving i...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-018-4979-4
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Synthesis of ligands inactive or with low activity at α₁ GABA(A) receptors has become the key concept for development of novel, more tolerable benzodiazepine (BZ)-like drugs. WYS8, a remarkably (105 times) α₁-subtype selective partial positive modulator, may serve as a pharmacological tool for refining the ro...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-013-3143-4
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The behavioral effects following intrastriatal MPP+, the neurotoxic metabolite of MPTP, were evaluated in mice. Bilateral injections of 10 micrograms MPP+ to mice previously trained in the shuttle box paradigm produced a 66% decrease in striatal dopamine and significant deficits in all measures of conditioned avoidanc...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00176480
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The positive modulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid type-A (GABAA) receptors is a putative mechanism via which alcohol escalates aggressive behavior. Broad-spectrum benzodiazepine antagonists block alcohol-heightened aggression in rats and monkeys. However, the degree to which GABAA subunit composition plays a...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-003-1661-1
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The notion that the onset of action of antidepressant drugs (ADs) takes weeks is widely accepted; however, the sequence of events necessary for therapeutic effects still remains obscure. OBJECTIVE:We aimed to evaluate a time-course of ADs-induced alterations in the expression of 95 selected genes in 4 region...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-012-2714-0
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Reduced serotonin neurotransmission is implicated in disorders of impulse control, but the involvement of serotonin in inhibitory processes in healthy human subjects remains unclear. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the effects of an acute manipulation of serotonin and genotype at a functional polymorphism in a gen...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-005-0104-6
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined and compared withdrawal signs and symptoms from cessation of 0, 2 and 4 mg nicotine gum. In addition, a comparison was made between nicotine gum versus cigarette withdrawal symptoms. Smokers first underwent cigarette deprivation for 4 days and then were randomly assigned to 0 (N = 16), 2 (N = 25), ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02245656
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preclinical studies suggest that acoustic startle amplitude is increased during ethanol withdrawal. The current study evaluated the effects of intravenous infusion of the alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist, yohimbine (0.4 mg/kg), the serotonin partial agonist m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP, 0.1 mg/kg), and placebo administ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s002130050285
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been proposed that serotonin (5-HT) antagonists counteract neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms by disinhibition of dopamine activity. The effects of the 5-HT antagonist mianserin, the anticholinergic drug procyclidine and placebo were evaluated in 16 psychiatric patients with chronic neuroleptic-induced...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00310523
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Despite the high prevalence of nicotine use in humans, robust nicotine self-administration has been difficult to demonstrate in laboratory animals. OBJECTIVES:A parametric analysis of nicotine self-administration was conducted to study its reinforcing effects in nonhuman primates. METHODS:Adult rhesus macaq...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4293-y
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Animal studies indicate that dopamine pathways in the ventral striatum code for the motivational salience of both rewarding and aversive stimuli, but evidence for this mechanism in humans is less established. We have developed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) model which permits examination of t...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-011-2278-4
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Active uptake of serotonin by blood platelets of acute schizophrenic patients has been compared to that of a control group. Preliminary results presented in this article indicate that the uptake of the schizophrenic patients was about 40% lower than that of controls. Patients were followed over a period of 5 weeks wit...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00496061
更新日期：1979-08-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Risperidone, a new antipsychotic agent, was studied for its effects on spontaneous motor activity in rats in comparison with haloperidol. Motor activity was recorded via the optical scanning technique (horizontal and vertical activity) and via a recently developed technique based on the piezo-electric principle which,...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00172961
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Using a rat relapse model, recent studies reported time dependent increases in cocaine seeking induced by re-exposure to cocaine cues, but not cocaine itself, over withdrawal periods of up to 3 months. OBJECTIVES:In the present study, we explored the time course of cocaine seeking induced by priming injectio...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-004-1861-3
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients taking lithium often report difficulties in concentration, memory, learning, and attention and many of these complaints are verified on psychometric testing. Laboratory tests of cognitive functions in healthy volunteers on chronic lithium demonstrate that disruptions in memory-learning processes are apparent ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00427911
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This pilot study was conducted to evaluate the potential of the new antidepressant moclobemide to inhibit the cytochrome enzyme P4502D6 (CYP2D6) using the cough suppressant dextromethorphan as a substrate in four extensive metabolizers (EM) of debrisoquine. The subjects received seven oral doses of 20 mg dextromethorp...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050481
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of intraperitoneal administrations of the deoxycorticosterone metabolite, 5 alpha-pregnane-, 21 diol-20-one (3 alpha, 5 alpha-tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone; alpha-THDOC) on the responses to aggression and defeat-induced analgesia were examined in subordinate intruder male mice in "resident-intruder" pairin...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00172960
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone (methylone) are synthetic drugs found in so-called "bath salts" products. Both drugs exert their effects by interacting with monoamine transporter proteins. MDPV is a potent uptake blocker at transporters for dopamine and norepinep...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-015-4057-0
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Dopamine (DA) and glutamate (Glu) interactions in the mesocorticolimbic pathway may regulate motivation and reward and contribute to schizophrenia and drug abuse. We have recently demonstrated synergistic effects of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)/kainate receptor blockade and ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-005-0039-y
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
