Abstract:
:To explore the roles played by specific human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genes in determining the in vivo replicative capacity of AIDS viruses, we have examined the replication kinetics and virus-specific immune responses in rhesus monkeys following infection with two chimeric simian/human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs). These viruses were composed of simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239 expressing HIV-1 env and the associated auxiliary HIV-1 genes tat, vpu, and rep. Virus replication was assessed during primary infection of rhesus monkeys by measuring plasma SIVmac p27 levels and by quantifying virus replication in lymph nodes using in situ hybridization. SHIV-HXBc2, which expresses the HIV-1 env of a T-cell-tropic, laboratory-adapted strain of HIV-1 (HXBc2), replicated well in rhesus monkey peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) in vitro but replicated only to low levels when inoculated in rhesus monkeys. In contrast, SHIV-89.6 was constructed with the HIV-1 env gene of a T-cell- and macrophage-tropic clone of a patient isolate of HIV-1 (89.6). This virus replicated to a lower level in monkey PBL in vitro but replicated to a higher degree in monkeys during primary infection. Moreover, monkeys infected with SHIV-89.6 developed an inversion in the PBL CD4/CD8 ratio coincident with the clearance of primary viremia. The differences in the in vivo consequences of infection by these two SHIVs could not be explained by differences in the immune responses elicited by these viruses, since infected animals had comparable type-specific neutralizing antibody titers, proliferative responses to recombinant HIV-1 gp120, and virus-specific cytolytic effector T-cell responses. With the demonstration that a chimeric SHIV can replicate to high levels during primary infection in rhesus monkeys, this model can now be used to define genetic determinants of HIV-1 pathogenicity.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Reimann KA,Li JT,Voss G,Lekutis C,Tenner-Racz K,Racz P,Lin W,Montefiori DC,Lee-Parritz DE,Lu Y,Collman RG,Sodroski J,Letvin NLdoi
10.1128/JVI.70.5.3198-3206.1996subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-05-01 00:00:00pages
3198-206issue
5eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract::DNAs from four wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthi) from eastern Africa were screened for 14 DNA viruses and retroviruses. Between two and three viruses were found in each animal. An entire hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome was amplified and sequenced from samples taken from one animal. This indicates that HB...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.76.21.11155-11158.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously it was shown that the host-range gene of the Bratislava strain of avain sarcoma virus (B77 virus) spontaneously mutates with a very high rate. The wild-type B77 virus called B77 virus-II, mutates either to virus that efficiently infects duck cells (B77 virus-III) or to virus that does not mutate to the abil...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.21.1.105-112.1977
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism by which simian virus 40 converts the abortive adenovirus type 7 infection of monkey cells into an efficient lytic infection has been investigated. Analysis of ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis during unenhanced and enhanced infection of monkey cells has shown that adenovirus RNA synthesized in the aborti...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.10.2.220-227.1972
更新日期:1972-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Axl, a plasma membrane-associated Tyro3/Axl/Mer (TAM) family member, is necessary for optimal Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) glycoprotein (GP)-dependent entry into some permissive cells but not others. To date, the role of Axl in virion entry is unknown. The focus of this study was to characterize entry pathways that are us...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01278-09
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the use of a cDNA microarray to monitor global transcriptional responses of the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, to infection by mild and severe isolates of virulence-attenuating hypoviruses that share 87 to 93% and 90 to 98% identity at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. In...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.78.8.4145-4155.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The yeast two-hybrid system was used to catalog all detectable interactions among the P2 nonstructural cleavage products of poliovirus type 1 (Mahoney). Evidence has been obtained for specific associations among 2A(pro), 2BC, 2C, and 2B. Specifically, 2A(pro) can interact with itself and 2BC and its cleavage products ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.72.2.1297-1307.1998
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protein kinase inhibitor H7 blocks influenza virus replication, inhibits production of the matrix protein (M1), and leads to a retention of the viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) in the nucleus at late times of infection (K. Martin and A. Helenius, Cell 67:117-130, 1991). We show here that production of assembled vR...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.4.1781-1786.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some paramyxovirus V proteins induce STAT protein degradation, and the amino acids essential for this process in the human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV2) V protein have been studied. Various recombinant hPIV2s and cell lines constitutively expressing various mutant V proteins were generated. We found that V protei...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.13.8591-8601.2005
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sequence analysis of the Lymantria dispar multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdMNPV) genome identified an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 548-amino-acid (62-kDa) protein that showed 35% amino acid sequence identity with vaccinia virus ATP-dependent DNA ligase. Ligase homologs have not been reported from other bacul...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.72.11.9142-9149.1998
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virus-like particles were purified from stools of patients in an epidemic of hepatitis A in Germany. When reference MS-1 chimpanzee pre-inoculation and convalescent sera were used, the close serological relationship of the purified particles to well-known isolates of hepatitis A could be established. On the other hand...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.26.1.40-47.1978
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The small envelope protein (E) plays a role of central importance in the assembly of coronaviruses. This was initially established by studies demonstrating that cellular expression of only E protein and the membrane protein (M) was necessary and sufficient for the generation and release of virus-like particles. To inv...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01577-06
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although xenotropic murine leukemia viruses cannot productively infect cells of laboratory mice, cells from various wild-derived mice can support replication of these viruses. Although the virus-sensitive wild mice generally lack all or most of the xenotropic proviral genes characteristic of inbred strains, susceptibi...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.55.3.690-695.1985
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Major histocompatibility complex E (MHC-E) is a highly conserved nonclassical MHC-Ib molecule that tightly binds peptides derived from leader sequences of classical MHC-Ia molecules for presentation to natural killer cells. However, MHC-E also binds diverse foreign and neoplastic self-peptide antigens for presentation...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00592-19
更新日期:2019-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 3B (EBNA-3B) is considered nonessential for EBV-mediated B-cell growth transformation in vitro based on three virus isolates with EBNA-3B mutations. Two of these isolates could potentially express truncated EBNA-3B products, and, similarly, we now show that the third isolat...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.7.4506-4509.2005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three drug-dependent mutants of human rhinovirus 16 (HRV16) were characterized by sequence analyses of spontaneous mutant isolates and were genetically reconstructed from a parental cDNA plasmid. These mutants formed plaques in the presence but not in the absence of the selecting antiviral drug, WIN 52035, which binds...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.72.2.1210-1218.1998
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antigenic binding sites of two monoclonal antibodies are located in the COOH-terminal region (clone 412) and probably in an internal region (clone 7) of simian virus 40 large T antigen. A third monoclonal antibody (clone 122), which has been shown to bind nonviral T antigen, does not react with HeLa cells infected...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.37.1.478-482.1981
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the role of host factors during lethal influenza virus infection is critical to deciphering the events that determine the fate of the host. One such factor is encoded by the Mx1 gene, which confers resistance to influenza virus infection. Here, we compared pathology and global gene expression profiles in...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.06156-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tegument of herpesviruses is a highly complex structural layer between the nucleocapsid and the envelope of virions. Tegument proteins play both structural and regulatory functions during replication and spread, but the interactions and functions of many of these proteins are poorly understood. Here we focus on tw...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02196-16
更新日期:2017-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::The Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP) is cleaved into two subunits (GP1 and GP2) that are both required for virus attachment and entry into cells. Sequence changes in the GP have been proposed to increase pathogenesis and to alter virus growth properties. Mutations in GP acquired during EBOV tissue culture pas...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00820-18
更新日期:2018-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::The EICP0 protein of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is an early, viral regulatory protein that independently trans-activates EHV-1 immediate-early (IE), early, gamma1 late, and gamma2 late promoters. To assess whether this powerful trans-activator functions in conjunction with three other EHV-1 regulatory proteins to ac...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.3.1200-1208.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retroviral recombination can occur between two viral RNA molecules (intermolecular) or between two sequences within the same RNA molecule (intramolecular). The rate of retroviral intramolecular recombination is high. Previous studies showed that, after a single round of replication, 50 to 60% of retroviral recombinati...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.76.19.9614-9623.2002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian cells infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) express a novel ribonucleotide reductase which is biochemically and immunologically distinct from the uninfected-cell enzyme. Using polyvalent rabbit antiserum raised against partially purified HSV type 2 reductase as well as monoclonal antibodies to HSV type 1 ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.49.2.591-593.1984
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The large scale of the Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa in 2013-2016 raised the question whether the host cell interactions of the responsible Ebola virus (EBOV) strain differed from those of other ebolaviruses. We previously reported that the glycoprotein (GP) of the virus circulating in West Africa ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00177-17
更新日期:2017-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::A member of the family Circoviridae, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), is associated with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), a recent emerging disease worldwide. PCV2 is also found in clinically asymptomatic animals. This paradoxical finding makes the syndrome etiology challenging. We developed new ass...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.05156-11
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::cpts530, a candidate live-virus vaccine, is an attenuated strain of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). It was derived by subjecting a cold-passaged (cp) strain of RSV to a single round of chemical mutagenesis. cpts530 is a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant that is attenuated in mice and chimpanzees, and its ts p...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.71.8.5814-5819.1997
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::EBNA2 transcriptional activation and regulated EBNALP coactivation are critical for Epstein-Barr virus-infected primary B-lymphocyte growth transformation. EBNALP coactivation requires the EBNA2 acidic activation domain (E2AD); EBNALP can bind to E2AD. EBNALP has now been found to bind less well to EBNA2 amino acids 1...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.20.11439-11442.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyomaviruses are small nonenveloped particles with a circular double-stranded genome, approximately 5 kbp in size. The mammalian polyomaviruses mainly cause persistent subclinical infections in their natural nonimmunocompromised hosts. In contrast, the polyomaviruses of birds--avian polyomavirus (APV) and goose hemo...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.80.7.3523-3531.2006
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Norovirus (NoV) infections are a leading cause of gastroenteritis. The humoral immune response plays an important role in the control of NoV, and recent studies have identified neutralizing antibodies that bind the capsid protein VP1 to block viral infection. Here, we utilize a NoV GI.1 Jun-Fos-assisted phage display ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01495-20
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::A strategy involving polymerase chain reaction amplification of cDNAs was designed to study the expression of the hamster polyomavirus (HaPV) early region in HaPV-transformed rat fibroblasts, productively HaPV-infected cells, and HaPV-induced lymphoma. We identified three mRNAs resulting from alternative splicing of o...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.66.4.2495-2504.1992
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dengue virus (DENV) is a major global pathogen that causes significant morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. An improved understanding of the regions within the DENV genome and its encoded proteins that are required for the virus replication cycle will expedite the development of urgentl...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01455-17
更新日期:2017-11-14 00:00:00