Abstract：
:The purpose of this study was to determine if multiple aspects of drug and food-reinforced behavior could be measured in a single study. Drug or food seeking can be observed under four conditions: 1) internal drug or food cues and external stimulus cues present; self-administration, 2) only internal cues present; priming, 3) no internal or external stimulus cues present; abstinence, and 4) no internal cues, but external stimulus cues present; extinction. Six adult rhesus monkeys lived in three-chambered enclosures: fluid (0.26, 0.52 mg/kg per delivery cocaine hydrochloride, sweetened-vehicle, or water)- related cues and oral fluid self-administration were specific to one end chamber, food pellet-related cues and food self-administration were specific to the other end chamber, and no food cues or fluid cues were available in the middle chamber. Throughout the 10-h experimental day, monkeys experienced multiple food, fluid, and stimulus-cue test sessions. Adding cocaine to the vehicle initially increased fluid intake during training (condition 1), but vehicle intake did not return to baseline levels after cocaine was later removed (condition 4). Monkeys developed a location preference for the fluid chamber, even when fluid was not available, when responding was reinforced by cocaine, but not when responding was reinforced by vehicle (condition 3). Noncontingent food or fluid delivery did not increase responding in non-deprived animals (condition 2). The current protocol provides both self-administration and place-preference measures of the motivational effects of drugs. Given that human drug abusers spend much time thinking about and seeking drugs prior to actual self-administration, an animal model that uses multiple measures of drug seeking may be useful in the preclinical testing of pharmacological adjuncts for the treatment of drug abuse.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Foltin RW,Evans SMdoi
10.1007/s002130050338subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-08-01 00:00:00pages
209-16issue
3eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
132pub_type
杂志文章abstract：RATIONALE:Initial sensitivity to drugs of abuse often predicts subsequent use and abuse, but this relationship is not always observed in human studies. Moreover, studies examining the relationship between initial locomotor sensitivity and the rewarding and reinforcing effects of drugs in animal models have also been eq...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-018-4834-7
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Key-press responding of mice was maintained under a fixed-ratio (FR) 30-response schedule of food presentation. Successive 3-min periods during which the experimental chamber was illuminated and the schedule was in effect were preceded by 10-min time-out (TO) periods during which all lights were out and responses had ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00177563
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Active uptake of serotonin by blood platelets of acute schizophrenic patients has been compared to that of a control group. Preliminary results presented in this article indicate that the uptake of the schizophrenic patients was about 40% lower than that of controls. Patients were followed over a period of 5 weeks wit...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00496061
更新日期：1979-08-08 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Previously, we have shown that d-amphetamine (AMPH) was more potent than d-methamphetamine (METH) at increasing extracellular levels of dopamine (DA) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) at doses that had similar effects in the nucleus accumbens. Since working memory depends on PFC DA, it was postulated that AMPH w...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-003-1522-y
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Clinical trials show that chronic cocaine users suffer from sleep disturbances and preclinical research has shown that acute sleep deprivation increases the rate of cocaine self-administration in rats. OBJECTIVE:This study examined the effect of cocaine self-administration on behavioral indices of sleep and ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-013-3101-1
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anti-withdrawal effect of clonidine was studied using quasi-morphine abstinence behaviour induced by dipropylacetate (DPA) in naive rats. Clonidine potently suppressed body shakes and locomotor activity (ID50 30 and 40 micrograms/kg IP respectively). Phenoxybenzamine and prazosine did not antagonize the anti-withd...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00427276
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The majority of volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of the hippocampus in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) show no differences in hippocampal volume between patients and healthy controls. Significant variability, however, exists in the medication status of patients included in these studies...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-007-0906-9
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Different benzodiazepines, when administered to fasting cats, increased both the total amount of food eaten and also the rate at which food was ingested. Moreover, when injected to foodsatiated cats, these compounds made them resume eating voraciously. Pentobarbital also stimulated food intake, but was much less poten...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00428710
更新日期：1976-05-05 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Over the last decade, many new psychostimulant analogues have appeared on the recreational drug market and most are derivatives of amphetamine or cathinone. Another class of designer drugs is derived from the 2-aminoindan structural template. Several members of this class, including the parent compound 2-amin...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-019-05207-1
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the role of the strychnine-insensitive glycine binding site of the NMDA receptor in prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response (ASR) in rats. PPI is an operational measure of gating processes which normally lead to a diminished ASR when a startling stimulus is preceded by a weak pre...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050220
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of practice while under intoxication was tested on the development of acute tolerance to the motor impairment effect of ethanol. In experiment 1, the motor impairment effect induced by an IP injection of 1.8 g/kg ethanol was quantified after various intervals in separate groups of animals. Lower impairme...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244833
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Sensory and sensorimotor gating deficits are observed in schizophrenia. GABA(B) receptor deficiency is also detected in the hippocampus of schizophrenic patients. OBJECTIVES:The present study tested the hypothesis that GABA(B) receptors in the hippocampus contribute to paired-pulse gating of hippocampal audi...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-011-2274-8
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metergoline given IP reduced the response to noxious stimulation in the mouse formalin test. Tolerance to this effect developed after a chronic treatment schedule consisting of ten daily injections of 5 mg/kg. Twenty four hours after the last injection a test dose of metergoline (2.5 mg/kg) reduced the licking time in...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02439580
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Heavy ecstasy use in humans has been associated with cognitive impairments and changes in cognitive brain function supposedly due to damage to the serotonin system. There is concern that even a single dose of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine may be neurotoxic, but very little is known about the consequences ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-007-0792-1
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:During the last few decades, alcohol use disorders (AUD) have reached an epidemic prevalence, yet social influences on alcoholism have not been fully addressed. Several factors can modulate alcohol intake. On one hand, stress can reinforce ethanol-induced behaviors and be an important component in AUD and alc...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-019-05408-8
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Toluene is a misused inhalant with hallucinogenic properties and complex effects. Toluene blocks N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, releases dopamine (DA), and modifies several neurotransmitter levels; nonetheless, the mechanism by which it produces hallucinations is not well characterized. OBJECTIVES:Th...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-015-4041-8
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or "ecstasy") causes serotonin neuron damage in laboratory animals. The serotonin system is known to be important in the regulation of mood. Previous research has shown that MDMA users score higher on self-report ratings of depression than controls. However, MDMA users ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-003-1705-6
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because of the increasing demand for refined techniques to record drug-induced motoric changes, we designed and evaluated a computer monitoring system with continuous measurement of different parameters of rat motor activity. This system is particularly useful for chronic drug studies because it can characterize patte...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00432113
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Elevated whole-blood serotonin (5-HT) is a robust biomarker in ~ 30% of patients with autism spectrum disorders, in which repetitive behavior is a core symptom. Furthermore, elevated whole-blood 5-HT has also been described in patients with pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. The 5-HT1B receptor is assoc...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-020-05758-8
更新日期：2021-01-29 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder comprised of three main classes of symptoms: positive, negative and cognitive symptoms. Currently, no approved treatment exists for the cognitive symptoms. There is thus a great need for research aiming at identifying novel targets for treatment of this indicati...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-010-2039-9
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats that are placed in a novel environment containing a probe will explore the environment and the probe. Exploration of the probe is reduced when the probe is electrified. We here report that chlordiazepoxide blocks this inhibition, and have determined some of the pharmacological features of this new experimental pr...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00178505
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol on the development of sensitization to ethanol-induced increases in locomotor activity was examined in DBA/2J mice. In Experiment 1, different groups of mice were given saline or ethanol (2 g/kg) immediately before each of four locomotor activity sessions (48-...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02245821
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of ibogaine (40 and 80 mg/kg, i.p.), an indole alkaloid proposed for the treatment of drug abuse, were determined in three different groups of rats responding under an FR10 schedule of food, cocaine or heroin reinforcement. Ibogaine (80 mg/kg, i.p.) given 60 min before the start of the session resulted in ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02246099
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three sets of experiments were carried out in a Y water maze in which mice had to swim toward the light or the dark, in two different procedures. The first procedure involved, orientation toward a light source (L procedure), corresponding to natural preference, the latter involved orientation toward the dark (D proced...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00496858
更新日期：1976-08-17 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Inhibition of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors following the administration of NMDA receptor antagonists results in psychotic-like behaviour. Whereas it is known that pharmacological manipulation of dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways affect this drug-induced psychosis, a role for noradr...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130000630
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Acute nicotine abstinence is associated with disruption of executive function and reward processes; however, the neurobiological basis of these effects has not been fully elucidated. METHODS:The effects of nicotine abstinence on brain function during reward-based probabilistic decision making were preliminar...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-011-2404-3
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Central cannabinoid systems have been implicated in appetite regulation through the hyperphagic effects of exogenous and endogenous cannabinoids. These effects may involve activation of reward systems and be mediated in part by opioidergic processes. OBJECTIVE:Cannabinoid-opioid interactions in feeding were ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130000596
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Cessation of daily caffeine consumption produces a withdrawal syndrome comprised of subjective symptoms and functional impairment. Few controlled studies have examined the physiological effects of caffeine withdrawal. OBJECTIVE:The present study examined the effect of caffeine withdrawal on cerebral blood fl...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s002130050005
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons contribute to the orchestration of pyramidal neuron population firing as follows: (1) by releasing GABA on GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors, (2) by releasing reelin in the proximity of integrin receptors located on cortical pyramidal neuron dendritic spines, a...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00213-005-2212-8
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Caffeine and the adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptor antagonist CGS15943 produce many behavioral effects that are similar to those produced by classic stimulant drugs (e.g. cocaine and amphetamines). OBJECTIVES:The current study evaluated whether CGS15943 would maintain self-administration and reinstate exting...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-003-1410-5
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
