Compartmental ordering of cholinergic innervation in the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus in human brain.

abstract：:We have found that daily subcutaneous injection with a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268 (20mg/kg) beginning at 4 weeks dramatically improves the phenotype in R6/2 mice. For example, we observed normalization of motor function in distance traveled, speed, the infrequency of pauses, and the ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Reiner A,Wang HB,Del Mar N,Sakata K,Yoo W,Deng YP

更新日期：2012-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The two human brain beta-galactosidases were solubilized and fractionated by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, free from each other. Substrate specificities of the two enzymes were examined for galactosylceramide, lactosyl-[N-stearoyl]ceramide, lactosyl-[N-lignoceroyl]ceramide, galactosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-[N-stearo...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tanaka H,Suzuki K

更新日期：1977-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular staining of neurons located in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus (SC) of the cat was carried out through an intracellular recording micropipette with which responses to stimulation of the optic chiasm (OX) and the optic tract (OT) ipsilateral to the explored SC were recorded. :A total of ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ogawa T,Takahashi Y

更新日期：1981-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The locus coeruleus of the adult albino rat is a clearly delimited nucleus in Nissl-stained preparations. It is surrounded by an extensive, relatively neuron-free neuropil which is not stained in reduced silver and Luxol fast blue preparations. Most if not all locus coeruleus neurons contain the enzyme dopamine-beta-h...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Swanson LW

更新日期：1976-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We monitored the protein expression profiles of collapsin response mediator protein 2 and 4 (CRMP2 and CRMP4) throughout cat primary visual area 17 at different postnatal ages. Single immunocytochemical stainings revealed a clear effect of cortical maturation on the spatial and laminar distribution profile of CRMP2 an...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Cnops L,Hu TT,Burnat K,Van der Gucht E,Arckens L

更新日期：2006-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, we used a repeated restraint stress animal model to observe the changes in the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and B cell lymphoma protein-2 (Bcl-2) in hippocampal neurons of rats, monitored the time course of the expression over 3 weeks post-stress period, and examined the...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Luo C,Xu H,Li XM

更新日期：2004-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The medial amygdala plays a key role in regulating adult social behavior and undergoes structural changes during puberty that may be driven by gonadal hormone secretion during this developmental period. The current study sought to investigate potential organizational effects of testosterone during puberty, activationa...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： De Lorme KC,Schulz KM,Salas-Ramirez KY,Sisk CL

更新日期：2012-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms responsible for the rate of rise (RR) of cumulative depolarization induced by dorsal root stimulus trains were investigated with intracellular recordings from motoneurones of the rat isolated spinal cord. The NMDA receptor antagonists CPP or APV depressed the cumulative depolarization but not its RR whi...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Baranauskas G,Nistri A

更新日期：1996-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth of cultured N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells in 1 microM A23187 for 2 days to elevate internal Ca reduced both membrane Na current and the transient, but not steady state, component of outward K current. Na channel mRNA abundance was reduced by an average value of 45% without effect on Kv3.1. Increases in internal C...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Hirsh JK,Quandt FN

更新日期：1996-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Melanotropinergic neurons in the brain may mediate the known modulatory effects of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) on brain functions including thermoregulation, pituitary regulation, learning and behavior. To determine the distribution of brain melanotropin rece...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tatro JB

更新日期：1990-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent anatomical evidence suggests that the shell of the nucleus accumbens, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and the central nucleus of the amygdala, together referred to as the extended amygdala, may play a role in opiate dependence. The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the shell of the nucleus accumb...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Walker JR,Ahmed SH,Gracy KN,Koob GF

更新日期：2000-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the immune system in response to either infection or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) produces neurophysiological, neuroendocrine and behavioral changes. Some of the physiological consequences of LPS are mediated by endogenous opioid peptides. The following studies were designed to characterize the effects of LP...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Yirmiya R,Rosen H,Donchin O,Ovadia H

更新日期：1994-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Electroconvulsive stimulation (ECS), the experimental analogue of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), has been shown to produce both functional and structural effects in the hippocampal formation in infrahuman species. These changes may relate to the antidepressant and cognitive effects of ECT observed in patients treate...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Lamont SR,Stanwell BJ,Hill R,Reid IC,Stewart CA

更新日期：2005-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and vasopressin (AVP) participate in the endocrine, autonomic, immunological and behavioral response to stress. CRH and AVP receptors are found in hippocampus and anterior pituitary, where mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid (GR) receptors are abundant. We investigated the p...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Hügin-Flores ME,Steimer T,Schulz P,Vallotton MB,Aubert ML

更新日期：2003-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioral stress is likely to contribute to the development of hypertension in susceptible individuals. We reported that hemodynamic response patterns to acute startle vary and that those patterns predict the predisposition of rats to sustained stress-induced elevations in arterial pressure. Since considerable eviden...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tan Y,Gan Q,Knuepfer MM

更新日期：2003-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Smoking is considered the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, but studies in animals suggest that nicotine is only weakly reinforcing. The maintenance of a dangerous habit by a weakly reinforcing agent has been the topic of some dispute. Using a two-lever "choice" self-administration procedure dev...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Manzardo AM,Stein L,Belluzzi JD

更新日期：2002-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of psychological stress on catecholamine and indoleamine metabolism were examined in various brain regions of rats. Psychologically stressed rats were exposed to emotional responses of foot-shocked rats, but were themselves prevented from receiving foot-shock. Psychological stress for 30 min resulted in si...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kaneyuki H,Yokoo H,Tsuda A,Yoshida M,Mizuki Y,Yamada M,Tanaka M

更新日期：1991-08-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of dopamine D1 and D2 selective drugs on the responses evoked in accumbens neurons by stimulation of cortical afferents were studied in an in vitro brain slice preparation. The D2-specific antagonist sulpiride (1-10 microM) increased, whereas the D2 agonist quinpirole (1-20 microM) occasionally attenuated ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： O'Donnell P,Grace AA

更新日期：1994-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In humans and many other mammalian species, the behavioural consequences of a cortical lesion tend to be milder when it occurs early in life, and there is evidence that an important factor contributing to the behavioural sparing in the young is the formation of new thalamo-cortical connections by thalamic neurons init...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Gautschi M,Clarke PG

更新日期：2007-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Lesions to the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) inhibit receptive sexual behavior in the whiptail lizard, Cnemidophorus uniparens, an all-female species. All lesions to the VMH that effectively abolished receptivity specifically damaged the dorsal lateral VMH, an area containing high concentrations of estrogen receptor...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kendrick AM,Rand MS,Crews D

更新日期：1995-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Tritiated thymidine ([3H]TdR) autoradiography revealed a correlation between the rate of cell proliferation of rod precursor cells in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) of the goldfish retina and the postoperative interval after crush of the optic nerve (ONC). Ten days after unilateral ONC there were more labeled nuclei in...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Henken DB,Yoon MG

更新日期：1989-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Excessive stimulation of neurons by glutamic acid initiates a destructive cascade of ion fluxes, cellular swelling, and death. Homeostatic mechanisms which rectify these disturbances depend largely upon transmembrane ion gradients maintained by Na+,K(+)-ATPase (NaP). We proposed that the neurotoxicity of glutamate is ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Brines ML,Robbins RJ

更新日期：1992-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Although cocaine shares the ability of fenfluramine to inhibit the synaptic reuptake of serotonin, previous observations from our group suggest that the genomic effects of fenfluramine in the rat striatum are primarily mediated by dopaminergic rather than serotonergic mechanisms. To compare and further understand the ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Torres G,Rivier C

更新日期：1994-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) in the precollicular-postmammillary transected cat is known to induce controlled locomotion on a treadmill. We have been able to induce and block locomotion in this preparation by using localized infusions of transmitters and their agonists and antagon...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Garcia-Rill E,Skinner RD,Fitzgerald JA

更新日期：1985-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Morphological, electrophysiological and behavioral studies were carried out in cats after unilateral kainic acid injection in the substantia nigra. A forced contralateral head turning and compulsive circling was observed after surgery. Fifteen days after, when asymmetry disappeared, apomorphine induced an ipsilateral ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Motles E,Saavedra H,Infante C,Leiva J,Gonzalez M

更新日期：1987-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Interactive-activation models posit that visual word recognition involves co-activation of orthographic neighbors (e.g., note, node) and competition among them via lateral inhibitory connections. Behavioral evidence of this lexical competition comes from masked priming paradigms, in which target words elicit slower re...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Meade G,Grainger J,Midgley KJ,Emmorey K,Holcomb PJ

更新日期：2018-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In most cases obesity, a major risk factor for diabetes mellitus type 2 and other associated chronic diseases, is generated by excessive eating. For a better understanding of eating behavior, it is necessary to determine how it is modulated by factors such as the calorie content of food, satiety and gender. Twelve hea...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Frank S,Laharnar N,Kullmann S,Veit R,Canova C,Hegner YL,Fritsche A,Preissl H

更新日期：2010-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The opioid peptides Leu-enkephalin, Met-enkephalin and D-Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide were injected at various concentrations into the neocortex and hippocampus of rats to examine their effects on EEG activity and DC potentials. All three compounds were found to elicit spreading depression (SD) in both structures. Higher ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Sprick U,Oitzl MS,Ornstein K,Huston JP

更新日期：1981-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear retention of radioactivity was studied in neural estrogen target cells 15 min-7 h after i.v. injection of [3H]estradiol. Maximal uptake occurred by 15 min. Cells of the medial preoptic nucleus retained the label longer than did those of the medial amygdaloid nucleus. Cells of the ventromedial nucleus and arcua...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Keefer DA

更新日期：1981-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of norepinephrine (NE) on inhibitory synaptic potentials were studied on CA1 pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal slice in vitro. Norepinephrine caused the appearance of multiple population spikes in the CA1 region of the hippocampal slice, reminiscent of the actions of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antag...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Madison DV,Nicoll RA

更新日期：1988-02-23 00:00:00