Abstract：
:Autophagy is a highly conserved process that allows cells, tissues and organs to survive onslaughts such as nutrient deprivation, inflammation, hypoxia and other stresses. The core component proteins that regulate autophagy are well known, and the formation of a double-membrane structure that encompasses cytosolic cargo, including protein aggregates and organelles, has been intensively studied. However, less is known about the inputs that specifically alter recruitment of these components and how post-translational modifications can influence autophagy flux, or the rate at which autophagy substrates are turned over. We propose that three types of post-translational modifications - phosphorylation, ubiquitylation and acetylation - are crucial for autophagy induction, regulation and fine-tuning, and are influenced by a variety of stimuli. Understanding these novel mechanisms of autophagy regulation will give us deeper insights into this process and potentially open up therapeutic avenues.
journal_name
Trends Cell Bioljournal_title
Trends in cell biologyauthors
McEwan DG,Dikic Idoi
10.1016/j.tcb.2010.12.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-04-01 00:00:00pages
195-201issue
4eissn
0962-8924issn
1879-3088pii
S0962-8924(10)00276-Xjournal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family proteins control cell physiology, proliferation, and growth, and direct cell differentiation, thus playing key roles in normal development and disease. The mechanisms of how TGF-β family ligands interact with heteromeric complexes of cell surface receptors to then activate Sma...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2017.04.005
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research performed over the past decade has transformed apoptosis from a distinctive form of cell death known only by its characteristic morphology and genomic destruction to an increasingly well understood cellular disassembly pathway remarkable for its complex and multifaceted regulation. Here, we summarize current ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(01)02173-0
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies suggest that the human Kinesin-8 molecular motor Kif18A has a role in chromosome congression. Specifically, these studies find that Kif18A promotes chromosome congression by attenuating chromosome oscillation magnitudes. Together with recent modeling work, in vitro studies, and the analysis of in vivo y...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2008.05.003
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role o f iron in cell division, cell death and human disease has recently gained increased attention. The best studied process for iron uptake into mammalian cells involves traps ferrin and its receptor. This review discusses evidence supporting the existence of other routes by which iron can enter mammalian cells...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(96)10019-2
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of host-pathogen interactions has illuminated fundamental research avenues in both infection and cell biology. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae are genetically tractable, optically accessible, and present a fully functional innate immune system with macrophages and neutrophils that mimic their mammalian counte...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2017.10.002
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decreased aerobic (hypoxic) conditions in tumors induce the release of cytokines that promote vascularization and thereby enhance tumor growth and metastasis. Recent major advances have provided insight into the role hypoxia plays in cancer biology. The domain structure of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alp...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(01)02126-2
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes is a metabolic disease affecting nearly 300 million individuals worldwide. Both types of diabetes (1 and 2) are characterized by loss of functional pancreatic β-cell mass causing different degrees of insulin deficiency. The Bcl-2 family has a double-edged effect in diabetes. These proteins are crucial control...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2011.03.001
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Members of the newly described RGS family of proteins have a common RGS domain that contains GTPase-activating activity for many Galpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins. Their ability to dampen signalling via Galphai-, Galphaq- and Galpha12/13-coupled pathways makes them crucial players in mediating the multitude...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(99)01515-9
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Living organisms undergo biochemical, physiological and behavioral cycles with periods ranging from seconds to years. Cycles with intermediate periods are governed by endogenous clocks that depend on oscillating gene expression. Here we illustrate the modalities and specific functions of post-transcriptional control o...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2010.06.004
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How do the many different components of an organelle assemble into a functional structure at an appropriate place and time? Flagellar regeneration by the biflagellate green alga Chlamydomonas is one experimental system in which genetics, biochemistry and ultrastructural analysis are being combined to investigate the a...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(93)90136-o
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two related transmembrane proteins in mammalian cells bind the mannose 6-phosphate recognition marker present on all soluble lysosomal hydrolases. Recent studies of cells that express only one or neither of these proteins have shed light not only on their function in directing lysosomal enzymes into the endocytic path...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(00)89000-5
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most published work on post-translational histone modifications focuses on small covalent alterations such as acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation. By contrast, fewer data are available on the modification of histones by ADP-ribose. Discussion of the biological significance of histone ADP-ribosylation has ofte...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2011.06.001
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Structural plasticity of excitatory synapses is a vital component of neuronal development, synaptic plasticity and behavior, and its malfunction underlies many neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms that control dendritic spine morphogenesis have only recently emerged. We summa...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2008.07.002
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteins of the cyclophilin family display two intriguing properties. On the one hand, they are the intracellular receptors for the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A (CsA); on the other hand, they function in vitro as enzymes that catalyse slow steps in protein folding. A dissection of the role of CsA in mediating ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(92)90200-7
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:If eukaryotes arose through a merger between archaea and bacteria, what did the first true eukaryotic cell look like? A major step toward an answer came with the discovery of Lokiarchaeum, an archaeon whose genome encodes small GTPases related to those used by eukaryotes to regulate membrane traffic. Although 'Loki' c...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2016.03.009
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During mRNA translation, the genetic information stored in mRNA is translated into a protein sequence. It is imperative that the genetic information is translated with high precision. Surprisingly, however, recent experimental evidence has demonstrated that translation can be highly heterogeneous, even among different...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.04.008
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Axons elongate and retract in response to environmental signals during the development of the nervous system. There is broad agreement that these signals must affect the cytoskeleton to elicit bouts of elongation or retraction. Most contemporary studies have speculated that bouts of elongation involve polymerization o...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(01)02005-0
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cells possess an extensive network of components to safeguard proteome integrity and maintain protein homeostasis (proteostasis). When this proteostasis network (PN) declines in performance, as may be the case during aging, newly synthesized proteins are no longer able to fold efficiently and metastable proteins lose ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2014.05.003
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurodegenerative diseases are typically late-onset, progressive disorders that affect neural function and integrity. Although most attention has been focused on the genetic underpinnings of familial disease, mechanisms are likely to be shared with more predominant sporadic forms, which can be influenced by age, envir...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2012.08.013
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular bacteria including major pathogens live in the cytoplasm or in cytoplasmic vacuoles within their host cell. However, some can invade more unusual intracellular niches such as the eukaryotic nucleus. Phylogenetically diverse intranuclear bacteria have been discovered in various protist, arthropod, marine ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2015.01.002
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibroblasts are found in most tissues, yet they remain poorly characterised. Different fibroblast subpopulations with distinct functions have been identified in the skin. This functional heterogeneity reflects the varied fibroblast lineages that arise from a common embryonic precursor. In addition to autocrine signals...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2014.10.001
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The regulation of endothelial cell contacts is of central importance for the barrier function of the blood vessel wall and for the control of leukocyte extravasation. In addition, the plasticity of endothelial cell contacts is regulated during angiogenesis by growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2008.10.001
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) regulates diverse aspects of the mammalian cell cycle. Most cancer cells contain mutations in the pathways that control CDK2, and CDK2 activity has received much attention as a target for cancer therapy. However, a recent report demonstrating that some cancer cells can proliferate with...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(03)00148-x
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Actin is an ancient and abundant protein with well-established roles in fundamental processes ranging from cell migration to membrane transport. Most eukaryotic cells also contain at least eight actin-related proteins (ARPs) that are, themselves, conserved between organisms as divergent as yeast and mammals. Although ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2004.07.009
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transfer of proteins and lipids between the various membrane-bound subcellular compartments of the eukaryotic cell is mediated by transport vesicles. The development of cell-free assays has allowed rapid progress towards a molecular description of the formation, or budding, of these vesicles. This article reviews and ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(91)90018-5
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microtubules are composed predominantly of two related proteins: alpha- and beta-tubulin. These proteins form the tubulin heterodimer, which is the basic building block of microtubules. Surprisingly, recent molecular genetic studies have revealed the existence of gamma-tubulin, a new member of the tubulin family. Like...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(92)90125-7
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most current research in cell biology uses just a handful of model systems including yeast, Arabidopsis, Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, zebrafish, mouse, and cultured mammalian cells. And for good reason - for many biological questions, the best system for the question is likely to be found among these models. Ho...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2016.08.005
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been only 15 years since studies began on the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial fission and fusion using simple model organisms such as Drosophila, yeast, and Caenorhabditis elegans. Beyond the primary functions of mitochondrial fission and fusion in controlling organelle shape, size, and number, it...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2012.10.006
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microbiology has a long way to go. Microbes are ubiquitous, and all other life forms in the biosphere exist solely because of them, but, as less than 1% of microorganisms can be grown in the laboratory, more than a century of research has revealed only the tip of the iceberg concerning this most crucial of life scienc...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Land plants have developed highly sophisticated intercellular channels called plasmodesmata (PD) that mediate the cell-to-cell trafficking of signaling molecules, including non-cell autonomous proteins (NCAPs) and RNAs. Until recently, the biological significance of this position-dependent intercellular signaling syst...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2009.07.003
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
