Abstract：
:Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a ubiquitous human herpes virus typically acquired in childhood when it causes varicella (chickenpox), following which the virus establishes a latent infection in trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia that lasts for the life of the individual. VZV subsequently reactivates, spontaneously or after specific triggering factors, to cause herpes zoster (shingles), which may be complicated by postherpetic neuralgia and several other neurological complications including vasculopathy. Our understanding of VZV latency lags behind our knowledge of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latency primarily due to the difficulty in propagating the virus to high titers in a cell-free state, and the lack of a suitable small-animal model for studying virus latency and reactivation. It is now established beyond doubt that latent VZV is predominantly located in human ganglionic neurons. Virus gene transcription during latency is epigenetically regulated, and appears to be restricted to expression of at least six genes, with expression of gene 63 being the hallmark of latency. However, viral gene transcription may be more extensive than previously thought. There is also evidence for several VZV genes being expressed at the protein level, including VZV gene 63-encoded protein, but recent evidence suggests that this may not be a common event. The nature and extent of the chronic inflammatory response in latently infected ganglia is also of current interest. There remain several questions concerning the VZV latency process that still need to be resolved unambiguously and it is likely that this will require the use of newly developed molecular technologies, such as GeXPS multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for virus transcriptional analysis and ChIP-seq to study the epigenetic of latent virus genome ( Liu et al, 2010 , BMC Biol 8: 56).
journal_name
J Neuroviroljournal_title
Journal of neurovirologyauthors
Kennedy PG,Cohrs RJdoi
10.1007/BF03210846subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-11-01 00:00:00pages
411-8issue
6eissn
1355-0284issn
1538-2443journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can frequently infect the central nervous system (CNS) in the setting of immunosuppression such as transplantation and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Our laboratory previously reported that HCMV infection of human brain aggregates preferentially infected a microglia...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/13550289509113968
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined murine hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59)-induced demyelinating disease in C57BL/6 mice which had previously been thymectomized at 25 days of age. Demyelination was observed in 51-96% of spinal cord quadrants examined 30 or 60 days post infection (dpi), indicating that neither an intact thymus nor thymic...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/13550289709018297
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the era of the AIDS pandemic, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has ceased being a rare disease. Prevalence estimates from clinical and pathological series suggest that up to 5% of all HIV-infected persons will develop PML. The extraordinary frequency with which PML attends HIV infection vastly excee...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/13550280390195261
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the high incidence of cognitive and motor impairment in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, the mechanisms of AIDS-related central nervous system (CNS) pathology are not completely understood. Infection with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in macaques provides an excellent model of AIDS, in...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13550280390218751
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHL) is a rare and usually fatal disorder characterized clinically by an acute onset of neurologic abnormalities. It may occur in association with a viral illness or vaccination. Radiology and brain biopsy are essential for the diagnosis. The etiology of AHL is unclear. We postulat...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13550280260422749
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The brain's intrinsic immune system consists of glial cells that produce cytokines and chemokines in response to stimulation with cytomegalovirus (CMV). The present experiments were undertaken to determine whether this intrinsic glial cell response alone is sufficient to control CMV infection of the central nervous sy...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13550280490441130
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are only few documented cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in Africa. Whether this is caused by a lack of JC virus (JCV) spread or alteration in the JCV genome is unknown. We characterized the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and JCV regulatory region (RR) pattern of the first d...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13365-019-00746-x
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human herpesvirus-6, the etiologic agent of exanthem subitum, is a ubiquitous virus that infects almost all children by the age of 2 years and that has previously been shown to be neuroinvasive. These characteristics suggest that human herpesvirus-6 may be important in the neuropathogenesis of acquired immune deficien...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/13550289509111008
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), also manifests neurological complications. HIV-associated dementia (HAD) is the most severe form of HIV-induced neurocognitive disorders. HIV encephalitis (HIVE), the pathological correlate of HAD, is characterized by ...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/13550280802074539
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy significantly reduced the prevalence of the most severe form of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Despite this decline, 35-70 % of HIV-infected patients continue to develop mild motor and cognitive impairments. Although neuropsychological studies hav...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13365-013-0220-8
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crack cocaine use is associated with impaired verbal memory in HIV-infected women more than uninfected women. To understand the neural basis for this impairment, this study examined the effects of crack cocaine use on activation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and strategic encoding during a verbal memory task in HIV-i...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13365-014-0250-x
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuromotor rehabilitative treatment should be joined in the global individualised project. The rehabilitation project is developed by an interdisciplinary. Hence, the clinicians have to promote an appropriate compensation process in the daily living activities with a rapid insertion of new or recovered motor-postu...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a slowly progressive degenerative disorder caused by measles virus. It is characterised by typical clinical and electrophysiological features in the form of slow myoclonic jerks, with progressive cognitive impairment, visual symptoms, and periodic complexes on EEG, with ra...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13365-017-0602-4
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to assess the long-term virological response in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and to compare this response to CSF and plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance profiles. Paired CSF and plasma specimens wer...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/753312753
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system as a result of reactivation of the John Cunningham (JC) polyomavirus and occurs almost exclusively in immunosuppressed individuals. The disease course of PML is variable but usually progressive and often fa...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13365-020-00899-0
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amplification of viral nucleic acids from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has considerably improved the diagnosis of several acute, subacute and chronic viral infections of the nervous system. In herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis (HSE) the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become the method of choice for the rap...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/13550289609146880
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rabies is a neurological disease with 100% lethality. Some of the rare human patients who survived after multiple drug treatment had severe sequelae. The present study showed that after 48 h of RABV inoculation, mice injected intracerebrally with anti-RABV F (ab')2 plus Bioporter® showed 70% survival compared to the c...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13365-020-00883-8
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cerebral immune response induced by herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis (HSE) was evaluated in susceptible BALB/c and resistant C57BL/6 mice. BALB/c and C57BL/6 (named C57BL/6-high) mice were respectively infected intranasally with 1 × 103 and 5 × 105 plaque-forming units (PFUs) of HSV-1. C57BL/6 mice (named C...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13365-019-00730-5
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a constellation of related metabolic risk factors, is a common comorbidity associated with cognitive difficulty in people living with HIV (PLWH). Neurobehavioral disturbances (e.g., behavioral manifestations of frontal-subcortical dysfunction) are also prevalent in HIV, yet the role MetS mig...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13365-020-00878-5
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report varicella-zoster virus (VZV) meningitis in a healthy adult woman with no antecedent rash and with hypoglycorrhachia. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed the presence of VZV DNA, anti-VZV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody, and intrathecal production of anti-VZV IgG antibody. ...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13550280902725550
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Older HIV-infected men are at higher risk for both depression and cognitive impairments, compared to HIV-uninfected men. We evaluated the association between longitudinal patterns of depressive symptoms and attention/executive function in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men aged 50+ years to understand whether HIV inf...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13365-017-0527-y
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study is to describe the chronic pain characteristics in individuals infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) per subgroup (asymptomatic, oligosymptomatic, and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP)) compared with controls with chronic pain withou...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13365-020-00914-4
更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HAM/TSP is an inflammatory disease of the spinal cord and clinically characterized by progressive spastic paraparesis, urinary incontinence, and mild sen...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s13365-020-00881-w
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activated murine cytotoxic T cells express the NKG2D natural cytotoxicity receptor. This receptor recognizes major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-like molecules expressed on the surface of infected cells and serves to augment T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. The role of NKG2D-mediated augmentation in the cleara...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13550280802105002
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are common and severe complications of HIV infection. The virus involves the nervous system, causing encephalitis, polyradiculomyelitis and peripheral neuropathies. Due to their limited sensitivity, traditional virological approaches, such as virus isolation or antigen detection in the...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/13550289809113490
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last 10 - 15 years, magnetic resonance imaging techniques have had a major impact in understanding and managing multiple sclerosis. The present review briefly summarises the current usefulness of spinal cord MRI in MS disease, examining the frequency, distribution and main characteristics of spine MS plaques;...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although animal parvoviruses have long been recognized as causes of brain pathology in multiple animal models, especially during early development, human parvoviruses are rarely thought of as neurotropic or causes of neuropathology in humans. However, several recent case reports have suggested possible associations of...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13550280600827351
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toscana virus (Bunyaviridae family, Phlebovirus genus) is a sandfly fever virus responsible for human neurological infections. Sandfly viruses are transmitted by insect vectors (Phlebotomus species) and the infection is present in climatic areas that allow the life cycle of the vector. The arthropode-borne Toscana vir...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/13550280390247678
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pseudorabies virus (PRV) primarily infects swine but can infect cattle, dogs, and cats. Several studies have reported that PRV can cross the specie barrier and induce human encephalitis, but a definitive diagnosis of human PRV encephalitis is debatable due to the lack of PRV DNA detection. Here, we report a case of hu...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13365-019-00822-2
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to learn more about the cellular response to viral gene activity during latency and reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), the authors have employed microarray analysis. On an array of about 1200 cellular genes, approximately 56 genes were found to be differentially regulated in infected trigemi...
journal_title：Journal of neurovirology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/13550280591002405
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
