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CD95 is a key mediator of invasion and accelerated outgrowth of mouse colorectal liver metastases following radiofrequency ablation.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND & AIMS:Recently, we have shown that micro-metastases, in the hypoxic transition zone surrounding lesions generated by radiofrequency ablation (RFA), display strongly accelerated outgrowth. CD95 is best known for its ability to induce apoptosis but can also promote tumorigenesis in apoptosis-resistant tumor cells. Therefore, we tested whether CD95 signaling plays a role in accelerated outgrowth of colorectal liver metastases following RFA. METHODS:Hypoxia-induced invasion was assessed in three-dimensional EGFP-expressing C26 tumor cell cultures by confocal microscopy. CD95 localization was tested by immunofluorescence. Invasion and outgrowth of liver metastases following RFA were analyzed by post-mortem confocal microscopy and by morphometric assessment of tumor load. Neutralization of CD95L was performed by using antibody MFL4. CD95 was suppressed by lentiviral RNA interference. The role of host CD95L was assessed using gld mice. RESULTS:Micro-metastases in the hypoxic transition zone following RFA displayed a highly invasive phenotype and increased expression of CD95 and CD95L. Hypoxia-induced tumor cell invasion in vitro increased the expression of CD95 and CD95L and induced translocation of CD95 to the invasive front. In vitro invasion, metastasis invasion, and accelerated tumor growth in the transition zone were strongly suppressed by neutralizing CD95L or by suppressing tumor cell CD95. In contrast, metastasis invasion and outgrowth were unaffected in gld mice. CONCLUSIONS:Hypoxia causes autocrine activation of CD95 on colorectal tumor cells, thereby promoting local invasion and accelerated metastasis outgrowth in the hypoxic transition zone following RFA. Further pre-clinical work is needed to assess the role of CD95L neutralization, either alone or in combination with chemotherapy, in limiting aggressive recurrence of liver metastases following RFA.

journal_name

J Hepatol

journal_title

Journal of hepatology

authors

Nijkamp MW,Hoogwater FJ,Steller EJ,Westendorp BF,van der Meulen TA,Leenders MW,Borel Rinkes IH,Kranenburg O

doi

10.1016/j.jhep.2010.04.040

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2010-12-01 00:00:00

pages

1069-77

issue

eissn

0168-8278

issn

1600-0641

pii

S0168-8278(10)00689-6

journal_volume

pub_type

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CD95 is a key mediator of invasion and accelerated outgrowth of mouse colorectal liver metastases following radiofrequency ablation.