Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Cancer incidence is increasing in the United Kingdom, as well as on a global basis. Biochemical parameters, such as C-reactive protein and albumin (combined to form the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score, mGPS), alkaline phosphatase (Alk phos), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and serum calcium have been reported to be associated with cancer and non-cancer mortality. Therefore, to definitively examine the interrelationships between the above biochemical parameters, the mGPS and the presence of cancer, the Glasgow Inflammation Outcome Study was undertaken. The aim of this initial study was to examine the effect of cancer on markers of systemic inflammation induced by the liver (mGPS) and on levels of routine biochemical parameters. METHODS:Patients (n=223 303) who had a single incidental sample taken for C-reactive protein, albumin, calcium and serum liver function tests where available, between 2000 and 2008 were studied. Those with a pathological diagnosis of cancer (n=22 715) were identified. The mGPS was constructed and liver function tests classified in accordance with the local reference ranges. RESULTS:Patients with cancer had higher C-reactive protein and lower albumin levels (and thus a higher mGPS), higher adjusted calcium, Alk phos and GGT levels, but lower aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels (all P<0.001). The strongest associations (Spearman's correlation > or =0.3) in both the non-cancer and cancer groups were found between albumin, C-reactive protein and Alk phos, AST and ALT, AST and GGT and ALT and GGT (all P<0.001). On multivariate analysis, the associations with the presence of cancer remained with age, deprivation, C-reactive protein, albumin, adjusted calcium, Alk phos and GGT (all P<0.01). Patients following a diagnosis of cancer had lower albumin levels and thus higher mGPS (all P<0.001). Also, post-diagnosis patients were more likely to have lower adjusted calcium, bilirubin, Alk Phos, AST, ALT and GGT levels (all P<0.05). When the cancer diagnoses were ranked from those with the lowest proportion of mGPS 1 or 2 to those with the highest, the percentage of cases with a mGPS of 1 or 2 ranged from 21% in breast cancer to 46% in prostate cancer and to 68% in pulmonary cancer. Compared with breast cancer the mGPS was significantly higher in those diagnosed with dermatological, bladder, endocrinological, gynaecological, prostate, musculoskeletal, gastroesophageal, haematological, renal, colorectal, head and neck, pancreaticobiliary and pulmonary cancers (all P<0.001). CONCLUSION:The results of the present study indicate that the systemic inflammatory response is common in a large patient cohort, increased by the presence of cancer and associated with the perturbation of a number of biochemical parameters previously reported to be associated with mortality. There is a striking parallel between the proportions of cases with a mGPS of 1 or 2 and reported survival rates in these tumours.
journal_name
Br J Cancerjournal_title
British journal of cancerauthors
Proctor MJ,Talwar D,Balmar SM,O'Reilly DS,Foulis AK,Horgan PG,Morrison DS,McMillan DCdoi
10.1038/sj.bjc.6605855subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-09-07 00:00:00pages
870-6issue
6eissn
0007-0920issn
1532-1827pii
6605855journal_volume
103pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Patients affected by squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) show frequent occurrence of multiple cancers and widespread precancerous lesions in the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract, a phenomenon known as field cancerization. In this study, we investigated the role of genetic instability in the devel...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1998.644
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chordomas are radio- and chemo-resistant tumours and metastasise in as many as 40% of patients. The aim of this study was to identify potential molecular targets for the treatment of chordoma. In view of the reported association of chordoma and tuberous sclerosis complex syndrome, and the available therapeutic agents ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605019
更新日期:2009-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer incidence in the Falkland Islands, 1989-2000, was compared with rates in England and Wales, from which most Islanders originate. Colon and rectum cancer incidence was significantly raised 1989-93 but greatly reduced after 1994, when colonoscopic screening in high-risk families and sigmoidoscopic screening in th...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/bjoc.2001.2099
更新日期:2001-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::It remains unclear whether any aspect of quality of life has a role in predicting survival in an unselected cohort of patients with gastro-oesophageal cancer. Therefore the aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30), clinico-pathological characteristics and surviva...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604248
更新日期:2008-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::In the BUPA Study, a prospective study of 22,000 men attending a screening centre in London, serum samples were collected and stored. The concentration of beta-carotene was measured in the stored serum samples from 271 men who were subsequently notified as having cancer and from 533 unaffected controls, matched for ag...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1988.97
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Four-and-a-half LIM domains protein 2 (FHL2) is a component of the focal adhesion structures and has been suggested to have a role in cancer progression. It has been shown to be overexpressed in the colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS:Here, we examined a possible prognostic value of FHL2 in CRC. Immunohistoche...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2013.290
更新日期:2013-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::Deregulated expression of myc proto-oncogenes is implicated in several human neoplasias. We analysed the expression of c-myc, N-myc, L-myc, max and RB1 mRNAs in a panel of human gliomas and glioma cell lines and compared the findings with normal neural cells. The max and RB1 genes were included in the study because th...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1994.3
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To invade and metastasize, carcinomas must penetrate or lose their epithelial basement membrane (EBM), and then penetrate basement membranes (BMs) surrounding blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves and muscle cells. Knowledge of the composition of different BMs is necessary, so that appropriate antibodies and DNA probes ar...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1997.37
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::DT-diaphorase (DTD) is an important enzyme for the bioreductive activation of the new alkylating indoloquinone EO9. In preclinical studies, EO9 has shown selective anti-tumour activity against solid tumours and under hypoxic conditions. The levels of three reductive enzymes have been determined in three types of human...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1995.433
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A CD34-negative haematopoietic progenitor cell line, D064, derived from canine bone marrow stromal cells is able to differentiate into haematopoietic progenitors under the influence of growth factor-mediated signalling. While differentiating, these cells eventually start to express MHC class II molecules (DR homologue...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6690768
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method for testing organic chemicals for their carcinogenic potential is described. Baby hamster kidney cells (BHK-21/C1 13) were exposed to different doses of test compound in liquid tissue culture medium containing rat liver post-mitochondrial supernatant and cofactors (S-9 mix) to aid metabolism, but without seru...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1977.231
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) has a key role in the maintenance of the cellular proteostasis. However, HSP90 is also involved in stabilisation of oncogenic client proteins and facilitates oncogene addiction and cancer cell survival. The development of HSP90 inhibitors for cancer treatment is an area of growi...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2013.710
更新日期:2014-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::The inability to assess the extent of tumour damage immediately following treatment is a major clinical obstacle to improving the management of cancer patients. Normally, the effectiveness of chemotherapy or radiation therapy cannot be determined for at least several weeks after treatment. We studied the increase in m...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1994.455
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Only a small proportion of patients respond to anti-VEGF therapy, pressing the need for a reliable biomarker that can identify patients who will benefit. We studied the biological activity of anti-VEGF antibodies in patients' blood during anti-VEGF therapy by using the Ba/F3-VEGFR2 cell line, which is depend...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.275
更新日期:2016-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::We have established a novel ascites tumour model (MDA435/LCC6) from the oestrogen receptor-negative, invasive and metastatic MDA-MB-435 human breast cancer cell line. MDA435/LCC6 cells grow as both malignant ascites and solid tumours in vivo in nude mice and nude rats, with a tumour incidence of approximately 100%. Un...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1996.29
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of selected marine compounds with anti-tumoral activity on the cell microtubule network was tested by immunofluorescence analyses, or by other in vitro analyses involving competition with colchicine or with GTP for tubulin binding and tubulin polymerisation, studies that were carried out in parallel with ot...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1996.176
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Men diagnosed with localised prostate cancer (LPC) face difficult choices between treatment options that can cause persistent problems with sexual, urinary and bowel function. Controlled trial evidence about the survival benefits of the full range of treatment alternatives is limited, and patients' views on ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2011.552
更新日期:2012-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Ordinary lipomas are cytogenetically characterized by a variety of balanced rearrangements involving chromosome segment 12q13-15, whereas well differentiated liposarcomas (WDL) show supernumerary ring and giant marker chromosomes, known to contain amplified 12q sequences. The tight correlation between the presence of ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/bjoc.1999.1090
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine whether weight loss at presentation influences outcome in patients who received chemotherapy for lung cancer or mesothelioma. Multivariate analysis of prospectively collected data 1994-2001. Data were available for age, gender, performance status, histology, stage, response, toxicity, progression-free and o...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601781
更新日期:2004-05-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The HMGA2 protein has experimentally been linked to EMT and cancer stemness. Recent studies imply that tumour-stroma interactions regulate these features and thereby contribute to tumour aggressiveness. METHODS:We analysed 253 cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and 155 cases of ampullary adeno...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2017.140
更新日期:2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy was used to examine changes in the concentration of paramagnetic metal ions in Yoshida tumours carried by female Wistar rats. Blood, spleen and lymph nodes from these animals were also examined by ESR. A decrease in the concentration of a paramagnetic species associated with ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1976.211
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between 1946 and 1976 over 9,000 women with breast cancer were seen within one year of diagnosis at the A. Maxwell Evans Clinic (AMEC) in Vancouver, British Columbia. By 1978, 275 had a subsequent diagnosis of a second primary in the contralateral breast: 100 were diagnosed within 1 year, and 175 after 1 year of the f...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1984.12
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of gastro-oesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma is increasing in Western countries and prognosis is poor since metastasis is most often present at diagnosis. We examined samples from 87 resected type II GEJ adenocarcinomas, 30 of these with endoscopic diagnostic biopsy material, to evaluate transform...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/bjoc.1999.1013
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and establish the recommended dose for mitomycin C added every 3 weeks to the standard combination dose of capecitabine. Cohorts of at least three patients with pretreated gastrointestinal carcinoma received capecitabine 1000 mg m(-2) orally twice...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602025
更新日期:2004-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Epithelial cadherin (E-CD) is a member of the cadherin family of cell adhesion molecules and has been implicated as an invasion suppressor molecule in vitro and in vivo. We analysed 174 breast tumours from the Nottingham/Tenovus Breast Cancer Series immunohistochemically for E-CD expression using the mouse monoclonal ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/bjoc.2001.2178
更新日期:2001-12-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important therapeutic target in oncology, and three different types of EGFR inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of cancer patients. However, there has been no clear association between the expression levels of EGFR protein in the tumours det...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2012.27
更新日期:2012-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer mortality in developed countries. First diagnosis only when disease has already reached the metastatic phase is the main reason for failure in treatment. To this regard, although low-dose spiral computed tomography (CT) has proven to be effective in the early detection of lun...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605660
更新日期:2010-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::The levels of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) in erythrocytes and plasma were studied using Cloudman S-91 melanoma grown in the lungs of DBA/2 mice. Polyamine levels and the numbers of tumour-cell colonies in the lungs were determined at weekly intervals. Putrescine levels in both erythrocytes and pla...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1980.137
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies have reported up to 50% of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), is HER2 positive, but the frequency of HER2-positive invasive breast cancer (IBC) is lower. The aim of this study is to characterise HER2 status in DCIS and assess its prognostic value. METHODS:HER2 status was evaluated in a large ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0436-3
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the associations of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, a history of diabetes, and cigarette smoking with risk of pancreatic cancer among 37,147 women and 45,906 men followed up during 560,666 person-years in the Swedish Mammography Cohort and the Cohort of Swedish Men; 136 incident cases of pancre...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602868
更新日期:2005-11-28 00:00:00