Abstract：
:The literature suggests that the function of radiation-induced G2 arrest is to allow repair of potentially lethal damage before cell-entry into, and damage expression in, mitosis. The nature of the damage repaired is not known, but chromosome aberrations have been considered. To examine this possibility in G2 cells, the rate of repair of chromatid aberrations in CHO cells progressing to or arrested in G2 was compared with the rate of repair of the damage which gives rise to G2 arrest. To measure aberration repair rates, exponentially growing CHO cells arrested in G2 with 1.5, 2.5 or 3.5 Gy of X-rays were released into mitosis by treatment with 5 mM caffeine immediately or 1, 2 or 3 h after irradiation. Aberration frequencies in these cells were then related to the caffeine-free (repair) interval. To measure the rate of repair of arrest-causing damage a split-dose procedure was used. The half-times for aberration repair were approximately 1 h for achromatic gaps and 1.5 h for breaks, intrachanges and interchanges. The half-time for arrest damage repair varied with radiation dose. This result suggests that chromatid aberrations are not a primary cause of radiation-induced G2 arrest.
journal_name
Int J Radiat Bioljournal_title
International journal of radiation biologyauthors
Rowley Rdoi
10.1080/09553009014551831subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-09-01 00:00:00pages
489-98issue
3eissn
0955-3002issn
1362-3095pii
HG5GL4K60NXXVEDYjournal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Human ovarian carcinoma parental and cisplatin-resistant cells were evaluated for their radiation sensitivity to high and low dose-rate irradiation and for the effectiveness of cisplatin in radiosensitization. The cisplatin resistant variant A2780cp showed increased radiation resistance for both low dose-rate (LDRI) a...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/095530096145634
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously described a cell-free assay that can be employed to study rejoining of radiation-induced DNA double-stranded breaks (dsb) in 'naked' DNA prepared from agarose-embedded cells using an extract of HeLa cells as a source of enzymes. Rejoining of dsb in this assay is absolutely dependent on cell extract ...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/095530097143987
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary chick embryo myoblasts can be a useful tool for studying the developmental events which accompany myoblast differentiation, particularly myoblast membrane fusion. To determine whether the electrical properties and/or fusion in these systems are affected by 50 Hz magnetic fields, chick embryo myoblast cultures ...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The past recommendations of the ICRP about dose limits to the skin are reviewed. Recently, an ICRP Task Group has been revisiting the old arguments and setting them against new data. With the exception of the function of cells in the skin associated with immunocompetence, non-stochastic effects have been well characte...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/09553009014550961
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To describe the design and dosimetric characterization of a simple and economical small animal irradiator. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A high dose rate (HDR) (192)Ir brachytherapy source from a commercially available afterloader was used with a 1.3 cm thick tungsten collimator to provide sharp beam penumbra suitable...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/09553002.2014.922719
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanisms of radiation damage production are used to examine the following premises: (1) the number of DNA double-strand breaks per unit dose increases with dose; (2) cell type to cell type variations in yield of DNA dsb per dose occur. Two stages of damage production are identified as possible sources of damage ...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/09553009014551251
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well established from clinical, epidemiological and laboratory studies that specific human germ line mutation can predispose to spontaneously arising cancer. Some of the responsible genes have been characterized at the molecular level and evidence is rapidly accumulating on mechanistic aspects of the problem. A ...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/09553009414551761
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the possible role of vitamin E, coenzyme Q10 and rutin in ameliorating the biochemical changes in brain and serum induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in whole body γ-irradiated rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Cerebral ischemia was induced in male Wistar rats (either irradiated or non-irra...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/09553002.2010.501844
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Dose response and repair kinetics of phosphorylated histone H2A isoform X (gamma-H2AX) foci in T-lymphocytes were investigated in the low-dose range after in vitro irradiation of whole blood and T-lymphocytes with 100 kVp X-rays and (60)Co gamma-rays. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Whole blood or isolated T-lymphocytes...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/09553002.2010.484479
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In mice, external X- or gamma-irradiation may induce thymic lymphomas or myeloid leukaemias, while bone-seeking alpha-emitters may induce osteosarcomas and, to a lesser extent, acute myeloid leukaemia. The present paper aims to review briefly some of the experimental data with respect to the molecular mechanisms under...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/09553009014550851
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Exposition of best practice in management and experimental use of human stem cell lines in radiobiological research. This paper outlines the key challenges to be addressed by radiobiologists wishing to use human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) lines in their research including human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/09553002.2012.714518
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the induction of chromosomal aberrations in mouse m5S cells after exposure to power-line frequency magnetic fields (extremely low frequency magnetic fields; ELFMF) at high-flux densities. MATERIAL AND METHOD:m5S cells were either untreated or pretreated during the G1 phase with mitomycin C (MMC,...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09553000050201172
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a series of studies to investigate activation energies and thermal enhancements of various chemotherapeutic agents the effect of 5-fluoruracil (5FU), an antimetabolite, on murine tumour cells was studied at elevated temperatures. Animal tumours were early generation isotransplants of a spontaneous fibrosarcoma, FSa...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09553009114550211
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Many studies have shown that exposure to radiofrequency radiation (RFR) could activate cellular signal transduction pathways. In the present research, we investigated the effects of exposure to a 1.8-GHz RFR at different intensities on epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor clustering and phosphorylation in hum...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/09553002.2011.634882
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Purpose: The key to increasing our understanding of low dose effects of ionizing radiation is cooperation and communication between research organizations around the world. The purpose of this article is to describe the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) program for such cooperation. Materials and methods: EPRI ...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09553002.2019.1569770
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the important temporal stages of radiation action in cellular systems is the chemical phase, where oxygen fixation reactions compete with chemical repair reactions involving reducing agents such as GSH. Using the gas explosion technique it is possible to follow the kinetics of these fast (greater than 1 ms) rea...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09553009214551571
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the mechanism of NFkappaB activation by X-rays in normal primary rat astrocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Primary cultures of type I astrocytes generated from the cortex of neonatal rats were exposed to X-rays with and without various kinase inhibitors and a protease inhibitor. The nuclear or cytop...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/095530098141195
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of protein kinase C in radiation-induced death of thymocytes was studied. For this purpose murine thymocytes were irradiated and incubated for 6 h at 37 degrees C and afterwards the fraction of fragmented DNA was measured. Results indicate that radiation-induced DNA fragmentation can be prevented by adding th...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09553009214551471
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To propose an improved version of RADACK, a stochastic simulation of radiolytic attack on DNA, that takes into account the reactivity of each amino acid of a specifically bound protein with hydroxyl radicals. To apply it to the natural lactose operator-repressor complex taking advantage of recently reported str...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/0955300031000137788
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During previous studies on the relationship between thermosensitivity and intracellular pH (pHi) regulation in mammalian cells, we observed that the thermoresistant TR-4 cells appeared to be resistant to manipulations of the Na+/H+ antiport, one of the two primary membrane regulators of pHi. We hypothesized that this ...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/095530096144969
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One-cell mouse embryos were irradiated with X-rays or neutrons. Analysis of the first, second, and third postradiation mitoses revealed that the yields of structural aberrations increased linearly after exposure to both radiation qualities. For X-rays the aberration frequency decreased from the first to the third mito...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09553008814551771
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (dsb) were studied in Ehrlich ascites tumour cells (EATC) by sedimentation in neutral sucrose gradients at low centrifuge speed. Dsb induction was found to be linear with dose with a frequency of: ndsbmr-1D-1 = (11.7 +/- 2) x 10(-12)Gy-1 for 140 kV X-rays and ndsbmr-1D-1 = (1...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09553008814552201
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Resolving the molecular mechanisms of radiation oncogenesis represents an important but daunting challenge in radiation research. This brief review outlines the principal oncogenic mechanisms that need to be considered in the context of radiation effects on the genome, how these might relate to specific gene and chrom...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/09553009414550081
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Purpose Radiolabeled antibodies and peptides hold promise for molecular radiotherapy but are often limited by a low payload resulting in inadequate delivery of radioactivity to tumour tissue and, therefore, modest therapeutic effect. We developed a facile synthetic method of radiolabeling indium-111 (111In) to epiderm...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/09553002.2016.1145360
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A novel 2-nitroimidazole with a theophylline side-chain, 7-(4'-(2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)-butyl)-theophylline, (NITP) was as efficient a hypoxic-cell radiosensitizer as misonidazole. However, if cells were irradiated with NITP under hypoxic conditions and then exposed to the drug under aerobic conditions, a much larger ra...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09553009214551671
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Purpose: This review discusses recent developments in our understanding of biological and physiological mechanisms underlying radiation cataractogenesis. The areas discussed include effects of low-dose exposures to the lens including potential relevance of non-targeted effects, the development of new personal-protecti...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09553002.2020.1767820
更新日期：2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:In this study we addressed the question whether radiation-induced adverse effects on T cell activation are associated with alterations of T cell checkpoint receptors. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Expression levels of checkpoint receptors on T cell subpopulations were analyzed at multiple post-radiation time points ra...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09553002.2017.1400192
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The space environment contains two major biologically significant influences; space radiations and microgravity. The 53 kDa tumour suppressor protein (p53) plays a role as a guardian of the genome through the activity of p53-centered signal transduction pathways. The aim of this study was to clarify the biologi...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/09553001003789596
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The low dose (<1 Gy) survival curve of mammalian cells is characterized by a region of hypersensitivity (HRS) followed by increased resistance (IRR). Above 1 Gy, the survival response can be described with a smooth downward-bending curve. Indirect evidence has indicated that the IRR response might reflect an in...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/095530000138646
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The radiation response of 15 mammalian cell lines comprising 11 human tumour, two human fibroblast and two murine lymphoma cell lines, has been analysed using the linear-quadratic equation. As well as using conventional analysis of acute dose-survival curves to derive values for alpha and beta (termed alpha ac and bet...
journal_title：International journal of radiation biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09553009214551241
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
