External beam radiation treatment for rectal cancer is associated with a decrease in subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for rectal cancer unavoidably delivers significant radiation dose to the prostate gland. The effect of this incidental exposure on subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis was investigated using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry. METHODS:Men diagnosed with localized or regional (L/R) rectal cancer from 1988-1997 and treated with EBRT and sphincter-sparing surgery (SSS) were identified. Men treated for L/R rectal cancer with SSS who did not receive EBRT, and men with L/R colon cancer who did not receive EBRT, were studied for comparison. Multiple Primary Standardized Incidence Ratios of observed to expected (O/E) cases of prostate cancer were calculated using SEER*Stat. RESULTS:In all, 1574 men with L/R rectal cancer treated with EBRT and SSS were identified. The median age at diagnosis was 64 and median survival was 76 months. Twenty were subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer, a number significantly less than expected compared with the general population of similar age and race. The ratio of O/E cases was 0.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17, 0.43). In contrast, 3114 men diagnosed with rectal cancer undergoing SSS who were not treated with EBRT and 24,578 men diagnosed with colon cancer who were not treated with EBRT were subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer at rates similar to the general population (O/E of 0.94 and 1.09). CONCLUSIONS:EBRT for L/R rectal cancer was associated with a 72% decrease in the frequency of subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis when compared with men of similar age and race. Possible mechanisms that may explain this observation are discussed.

journal_name

Cancer

journal_title

Cancer

authors

Hoffman KE,Hong TS,Zietman AL,Russell AH

doi

10.1002/cncr.23241

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-02-15 00:00:00

pages

943-9

issue

4

eissn

0008-543X

issn

1097-0142

journal_volume

112

pub_type

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