Abstract:
:Severed distal segments of nerve axons (anucleate axons) have now been reported to survive for weeks to years in representative organisms from most phyla, including the vertebrates. Among invertebrates (especially crustaceans), such long-term survival might involve transfer of proteins from adjacent intact cells to anucleate axons. In lower vertebrates and mammals, long-term survival of anucleate axons is more likely attributed to a slow turnover of axonal proteins and/or a lack of phagocytosis by macrophages or other cell types. Invertebrate anucleate axons that exhibit long-term survival are often reactivated by neurites that have grown from proximal nucleate segments. In mammals, induction of long-term survival in anucleate axons might allow more time to use artificial mechanisms to repair nerve axons by fusing the two severed halves with polyethylene glycol, a technique recently developed to fuse severed halves of myelinated axons in earthworms.
journal_name
Trends Neuroscijournal_title
Trends in neurosciencesauthors
Bittner GDdoi
10.1016/0166-2236(91)90104-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-05-01 00:00:00pages
188-93issue
5eissn
0166-2236issn
1878-108Xpii
0166-2236(91)90104-3journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Imagine the decisions you might make while playing a simple game like 'matching pennies'. At each play, you and your opponent, say the mathematician John vonNeumann, each lay down a penny heads or tails up. If both pennies show the same side, vonNeumann wins, if not, you win. Before each play, you have the subjective ...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01932-9
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The laboratory mouse has emerged as a primary model organism for studying axon regeneration after experimental spinal cord injury, owing to its genetic amenability. Mutant mouse models are contributing significantly to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of axon regeneration failure in the adult mammalian ce...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2006.09.005
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Major themes in neuroethology concern the specificity of key stimuli, neurones tuned to such stimuli, and the release of corresponding behaviour. Neurobiological data from the analysis of visuomotor functions of prey-catching and avoiding in amphibians support the view that retinal outflow in different combinations is...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(96)01042-9
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In adult rodents, subventricular zone (SVZ) astrocytes (B cells) function as primary progenitors in the generation of new neurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb (OB), where they differentiate into multiple types of interneurons. It has been generally considered that individual adult SVZ stem cells are capable of g...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2008.05.006
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progress in migraine research has been rapid in recent years, from both the basic science and the clinical perspectives. A new internationally accepted headache classification with operational diagnostic criteria was published in 1988, eliminating much diagnostic uncertainty. More than a decade of study of regional ce...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(91)90171-p
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament (IF) III protein uniquely found in astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS), non-myelinating Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and enteric glial cells. GFAP mRNA expression is regulated by several nuclear-receptor hormones, gr...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2015.04.003
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adaptation to the ever-changing world is critical for survival, and our brains are particularly tuned to remember events that differ from previous experiences. Novel experiences induce dopamine release in the hippocampus, a process which promotes memory persistence. While axons from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) we...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2018.10.002
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complex issue of translating the planning of arm movements into muscle forces is discussed in relation to the recent discovery of structures in the spinal cord. These structures contain circuitry that, when activated, produce precisely balanced contractions in groups of muscles. These synergistic contractions gene...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(95)94494-p
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::How does an extracellular guidance molecule direct multiple growth cones to different positions? The answer is important for understanding the development of complex neural connections. UNC-6 is a member of the netrin family of guidance proteins. It has phylogenetically conserved domains that mediate its different gui...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(02)02206-3
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central processing of olfactory information has been analyzed in the mushroom body of Drosophila by Ca(2+) imaging, extending such analysis of odor coding to the second relay of the olfactory system. Different odors, and different concentrations of a particular odor, yield distinct spatial patterns of activity. Mutati...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01895-6
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, symptoms are present that appear to reflect an essential absence of normal movement, cognition and emotional states. These negative symptoms might reflect fundamental impairments in basic brain mechanisms that underlie goa...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01626-x
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Implanted neural probes are among the most important techniques in both fundamental and clinical neuroscience. Despite great successes and promise, neural electrodes are technically limited by their scalability. A recent study by Obaid et al. demonstrated an innovative way to greatly scale up the channel count and den...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.03.001
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the past 30 years, research into developmental disorders has fragmented, emphasizing differences rather than commonalities. We propose that reunification might be achieved by using a "neural-systems" approach. Deficits in dyslexia are attributed to an intact declarative learning system combined with an impaired...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2007.02.003
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging is characterized by decrements in maximum function and accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations, which are best observed in organs such as the brain that contain post-mitotic cells. Oxygen radicals are increasingly considered responsible for part of these aging changes. Comparative studies of animals with dif...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2004.07.005
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progress in molecular genetics has enabled the dissection of several autosomal dominantly inherited forms of cerebrovascular disorders. Mutations in diverse genes might induce pathological changes in intracranial vessels, resulting in cerebral haemorrhages and ischaemic strokes. Such pathologies, however, might also r...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01836-1
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a common problem for older adults, leading to communication difficulties, isolation, and cognitive decline. Recently, hearing loss has been identified as potentially the most modifiable risk factor for dementia. Listening in challenging situations, or when the auditory system is dama...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.07.005
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During prenatal brain development, ion channels are ubiquitous across several cell types, including progenitor cells and migrating neurons but their function has not been clear. In the past, ion channel dysfunction has been primarily studied in the context of postnatal, differentiated neurons that fire action potentia...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2019.12.004
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two recent monkey studies demonstrate that feedforward processing in the visual system is reflected by activity in the 40-90Hz gamma band, whereas feedback is reflected by activity in the 5-18Hz alpha and beta band. These findings can be applied to interpret human electrophysiological activity in complex visual tasks....
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2015.02.006
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::As we learn more about the functional expression of nicotinic receptors in specific brain regions such as the hippocampus, intriguing interactions are being uncovered at the cellular and circuit levels. Recent work from John Dani's laboratory provides important insights into how nicotinic receptors can modify hippocam...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)02127-5
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Modern neuroscientific techniques that specifically manipulate and measure neuronal activity in behaving animals now allow bridging of the gap from the cellular to the behavioral level. However, in doing so, they also pose new challenges. Research using incompletely defined manipulations in a high-dimensional space wi...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2018.01.002
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic studies have identified several of the genes associated with malformations of cortical development which might disrupt each of the main stages of cell proliferation and specification, neuronal migration and late cortical organization. The largest malformation groups, focal cortical dysplasia, heterotopia and p...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2007.12.004
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1983 Libet et al. demonstrated that brain activity associated with a voluntary act precedes conscious experience of the intention to act by several hundred milliseconds. The implication that it is the brain, rather than 'free will', that initiates voluntary acts has been discussed ever since by philosophers and law...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2018.04.009
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The birth of new neurons in the walls of the adult brain lateral ventricles has captured the attention of many neuroscientists for over 2 decades, yielding key insights into the identity and regulation of neural stem cells (NSCs). In the adult ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ), NSCs are a specialized form of ast...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2014.08.006
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Volumetric measurements of the brain regions in eight-year-old children indicate that the poor cognitive and behavioral outcomes noted in ex-preterm neonates are associated with reduced volumes of specific regions in the brain. Recent literature suggests that this reduction might result from enhanced apoptosis or exci...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01747-1
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxytocin and vasopressin are regulators of anxiety, stress-coping, and sociality. They are released within hypothalamic and limbic areas from dendrites, axons, and perikarya independently of, or coordinated with, secretion from neurohypophysial terminals. Central oxytocin exerts anxiolytic and antidepressive effects, ...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2012.08.004
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proportional relation between circulating vasopressin concentration and plasma osmolality is fundamental for body fluid homeostasis. Although changes in the sensitivity of this relation are associated with pathophysiological conditions, central mechanisms modulating osmoregulatory gain are unknown. Here, we review...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2009.11.004
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The colors perceived by humans in response to light stimuli are generally described in terms of four color categories (reds, greens, blues and yellows), the members of which are systematically arrayed around gray. This broadly accepted description of color sensation differs fundamentally from the light that induces it...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(02)02059-3
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients suffering from severe depression often show an increased activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system, a premature escape from the cortisol suppressant action of dexamethasone, and a number of other neuroendocrine changes. This might be explained by defective glucocorticoid feedback inhi...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(95)93942-q
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Korsakoff's disease is an amnesic syndrome associated with midline diencephalic and brain stem pathology. A number of neurochemical systems course through or near the loci of brain lesions found postmortem in Korsakoff patients, which has stimulated studies to learn whether these systems are implicated in amnesia. Dat...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(90)90146-2
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Until recently, learning and memory in invertebrate organisms was believed to be mediated by relatively simple presynaptic mechanisms. By contrast, learning and memory in vertebrate organisms is generally thought to be mediated, at least in part, by postsynaptic mechanisms. But new experimental evidence from research ...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2003.09.014
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00