Procedural learning difficulties: reuniting the developmental disorders?

abstract：:In a series of seminal behavioral and electrophysiological experiments, Knudsen and Konishi studied the mechanisms of hearing. Their 1979 article showed how the barn owl utilizes unique anatomical features for creating a systematic internal representation of auditory space. This established the barn owl as a prime mod...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Grothe B

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High levels of expression of Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) occur in neuronal tissues and play a strategic role in the modulation of short- and long-term functions (ion channels, receptor desensitization, neurotransmitter release and synaptic efficiency) that become modified during the brain ageing...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Battaini F,Pascale A,Paoletti R,Govoni S

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An abundance of experimental literature has established that gonadal steroid hormones are responsible for the sexual differentiation of neural circuitry, mediating a variety of reproductive behaviors and physiological mechanisms. These same hormones regulate the expression of reproductive function in the adult and may...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Simerly RB

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the classical picture of brain function, electrical impulses are initiated in sensory organs and spread rapidly down axons, jumping synaptic clefts by neurochemical transmission. Patterns of electrical activity generated in this way integrate information throughout the brain and result in coordinated motor output. ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Kennedy MB

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhythmic motor activity requires coordination of different muscles or muscle groups so that they are all active with the same cycle duration and appropriate phase relationships. The neural mechanisms for such phase coupling in vertebrate locomotion are not known. Swimming in the lamprey is accomplished by the generati...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Cohen AH,Ermentrout GB,Kiemel T,Kopell N,Sigvardt KA,Williams TL

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hippocampus is thought to automatically encode all experience, yet the vast majority of our experiences are not remembered later. Although psychological theories have postulated the existence of decay processes for declarative memory, the corresponding neurobiological mechanisms are unknown. Here we develop the hy...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Frankland PW,Köhler S,Josselyn SA

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Korsakoff's disease is an amnesic syndrome associated with midline diencephalic and brain stem pathology. A number of neurochemical systems course through or near the loci of brain lesions found postmortem in Korsakoff patients, which has stimulated studies to learn whether these systems are implicated in amnesia. Dat...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： McEntee WJ,Mair RG

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adaptation to the ever-changing world is critical for survival, and our brains are particularly tuned to remember events that differ from previous experiences. Novel experiences induce dopamine release in the hippocampus, a process which promotes memory persistence. While axons from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) we...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Duszkiewicz AJ,McNamara CG,Takeuchi T,Genzel L

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have demonstrated that oligodendrocytes in the spinal cord and brainstem originate from restricted domains of ventral neuroepithelium under the influence of sonic hedgehog protein (SHH). However, the origin of oligodendrocytes in the telencephalon, the most anterior part of the CNS, has not been estab...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Qi Y,Stapp D,Qiu M

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maladaptive responses to stress and the associated hypersecretion of glucocorticoids cause psychopathologies ranging from hyperemotional states and mood dysfunction to cognitive impairments. Research in both humans and animal models has begun to identify morphological correlates of these functional changes. These incl...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Sousa N,Almeida OF

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Communicative, predatory, and reproductive behaviors rely on the auditory thalamocortical system, a key nexus that combines, transforms, and distributes virtually all acoustic information relevant to survival. The rules of connectivity for this complex network, both anatomically and functionally, are only beginning to...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Winer JA,Miller LM,Lee CC,Schreiner CE

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transition from short- to long-term memory requires lasting modulations of synaptic connectivity. In a variety of species and learning tasks, enhanced synthesis of glycoprotein cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs), such as neural CAM (NCAM) and Ll, 5-8 h post-training is a necessary step in this process. If the training...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Rose SP

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanosensation in Drosophila relies on sensory neurons transducing mechanical stimuli into ionic currents. The molecular mechanisms of this transduction are in the process of being revealed. Transduction relies on mechanogated ion channels that are activated by membrane stretch or the tension of force-conveying teth...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Hehlert P,Zhang W,Göpfert MC

更新日期：2020-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Mossy fiber (MF) synapses are key stations for flow of information through the hippocampal formation. A major component of the output of the MF system is directed towards inhibitory interneurons. Recent studies have revealed that the functional properties of MF-interneuron synapses differ substantially from those of M...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Bischofberger J,Jonas P

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural tube closure fails in both mouse and Xenopus when dishevelled and other components of the planar-cell-polarity pathway are misregulated. The underlying defect involves a failure of convergent extension in the midline of the early neural plate. Although bilateral neural folds form, they are abnormally far apart ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Copp AJ,Greene ND,Murdoch JN

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) displays complex fluctuations in response to a variety of stimuli, and acts as a pluripotent signal for many neuronal functions. It is well established that various 'metabotropic' neurotransmitter receptors can mediate the mobilization of Ca2+ stores via actions o...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Simpson PB,Challiss RA,Nahorski SR

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of synaptic connections in the electron microscope has established an 'elementary' circuit for the neostriatum which consists of a pathway from cortical areas (neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala) to medium spiny neurones of the striatum that also receive converging synaptic input from midbrain dopamine neurone...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Smith AD,Bolam JP

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion molecules are among the most abundant proteins in vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems. Prominent family members are the neural cell adhesion molecules NCAM and L1, which were the first to be shown to be essential not only in development but also in synaptic function and as k...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Sytnyk V,Leshchyns'ka I,Schachner M

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several theories have proposed possible functions of adult neurogenesis in learning processes on a systems level, such as the avoidance of catastrophic interference and the encoding of temporal and contextual information, and in emotional behavior. Under the assumption of such functionality of new neurons, the questio...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Kempermann G

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies of the iconic fall migration of monarch butterflies have illuminated the mechanisms behind their southward navigation while using a time-compensated sun compass. Skylight cues, such as the sun itself and polarized light, are processed through both eyes and are probably integrated in the brain's central ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Reppert SM,Gegear RJ,Merlin C

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:More often than not, action potentials fail to trigger neurotransmitter release. And even when neurotransmitter is released, the resulting change in synaptic conductance is highly variable. Given the energetic cost of generating and propagating action potentials, and the importance of information transmission across s...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Rusakov DA,Savtchenko LP,Latham PE

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hodgkin and Huxley (H-H) model for action potential generation has held firm for half a century because this relatively simple and experimentally testable model embodies the major features of membrane nonlinearity: namely, voltage-dependent ionic currents that activate and inactivate in time. However, experimental and...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Meunier C,Segev I

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A growing body of work is investigating the safety and efficacy of light in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here we discuss the potential of this emerging therapy to improve both motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. We also highlight directions for future basic, translational, and clinical research that are critical for the ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Fifel K,Videnovic A

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhythmical brain activity around 5Hz can be observed in the prefrontal cortex under conditions requiring high levels of cognitive control. However, its temporal dynamics are still elusive. A recent research paper (Cooper et al. Neuroimage 2019;189:130-140) provides evidence that the temporal evolution of this frontal-...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Sauseng P,Tschentscher N,Biel AL

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain dynamic changes associated with schizophrenia are largely equivocal, with interpretation complicated by many factors, such as the presence of therapeutic agents and the complex nature of the syndrome itself. Evidence for a brain-wide change in individual network oscillations, shared by all patients, is largely e...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Hunt MJ,Kopell NJ,Traub RD,Whittington MA

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Implanted neural probes are among the most important techniques in both fundamental and clinical neuroscience. Despite great successes and promise, neural electrodes are technically limited by their scalability. A recent study by Obaid et al. demonstrated an innovative way to greatly scale up the channel count and den...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Lycke R,Sun L,Luan L,Xie C

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Notions of what constitutes a neurotransmitter have changed markedly with the advent in the past decade of synaptic molecules, which satisfy key neurotransmitter criteria but differ radically from classical transmitters. Thus, NO and carbon monoxide are neither stored in synaptic vesicles nor released by exocytosis. T...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Barañano DE,Ferris CD,Snyder SH

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are pluripotent stem cells in the adult brain that might not be very different from those found in bone marrow. Recent and profound advances in the field of neuropoiesis, which often rely on insights from studies of hematopoiesis and in some instances use cross-paradigms with this field, have already revealed th...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Scheffler B,Horn M,Blumcke I,Laywell ED,Coomes D,Kukekov VG,Steindler DA

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of almost all neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Historically, a primary focus in this context has been the link between mitochondrial dynamics and amyloid β toxicity. Recent evidence suggests that dysregulation of mitochondrial ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Calvo-Rodriguez M,Bacskai BJ

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular and cellular mechanisms by which plasticity is induced in the mature CNS (and, specifically, in the hippocampus) by environmental input are progressively being elucidated. However, the mechanisms - and even the existence - of functional and structural effects of environmental input (and, particularly, st...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Avishai-Eliner S,Brunson KL,Sandman CA,Baram TZ

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00