Abstract:
:Cigarette smoking, an established cardiovascular (CV) disease risk factor, is known to impair pulsatile arterial function. However, information is scant in this regard on asymptomatic younger adult former smokers. As part of the Bogalusa Heart Study, the pulsatile arterial function was examined noninvasively in 278 nonsmokers, 277 current smokers, and 104 former smokers, aged 18 to 44 years, mean 36.4 years by radial artery pressure pulse contour analysis. Compared to current smokers, former smokers had higher body mass index (BMI, 29.6 v 27.7 kg/m2, P=.02), after adjusting for age, ethnicity, and sex, and higher levels of glucose (94.8 v 85.3 mg/dL, P=.008) and insulin (15.0 v 10.9 microU/mL, P=.01), after adjusting for age, ethnicity, sex, and BMI. Compared to nonsmokers, former smokers had similar BMI, but marginally high glucose (P=.08) and insulin (P=.11). With respect to measures of pulsatile arterial function, nonsmokers versus current smokers versus former smokers had similar large artery compliance (15.2 v 15.1 v 15.1 mL/mmHgx10) but increased (P=.01) small artery compliance after smoking cessation (6.6 v 5.8 v 6.5 mL/mmHgx100), and decreased (P=.03) systemic vascular resistance after smoking cessation (1300.5 v 1376.9 v 1292.2 dynes.sec.cm-5), and increases in small artery compliance (P=.0003) and decreases in systemic vascular resistance (P=.01) were found among those who quit smoking 10 years or more, after adjusting for ethnicity, sex, age, glucose, insulin, and alcohol use. These findings, although cross-sectional in nature, indicate the potential for improving arterial wall dynamics after smoking cessation in younger adults.
journal_name
Am J Hypertensjournal_title
American journal of hypertensionauthors
Li H,Srinivasan SR,Berenson GSdoi
10.1016/j.amjhyper.2006.02.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-09-01 00:00:00pages
897-901issue
9eissn
0895-7061issn
1941-7225pii
S0895-7061(06)00124-5journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) frequently coexist. Increased central aortic pressures indexes are associated with HT; however, possible associations of these indexes with future development of DM have never been studied in HT. METHODS:We recruited 178 patients with uncomplicated nondiabetic HT...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ajh.2010.145
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and beta-blockers have been reported to possess disparate effects on insulin sensitivity. The aim of this study was to study the effects of the selective beta-1 blocker bisoprolol and of the ACE inhibitor captopril on cellular insulin action in hypertensive individuals. ...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(97)00320-8
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Determinants of exercise capacity have not been clearly defined in hypertensive patients. Doppler tissue imaging (DTI), a recently developed echocardiographic modality, is useful for evaluating left ventricular (LV) function regardless of loading conditions. The present study was performed to identify the de...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(03)00842-2
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Progression of atherosclerosis with increased arterial stiffness is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Compliance index (CI) derived from digital volume pulse (DVP), measuring the relationship between volume and pressure changes in ...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ajh.2010.266
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we examined whether the angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, would protect stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) from stroke and renal pathology over a 26-week period. In the control group of six untreated SHRSP fed Stroke-Prone Rodent Diet and 1% NaCl drinking solu...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajh/4.8.680
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exaggerated sympathetic cardiovascular (CV) reactivity to stress associates with elevated risk for clinical and preclinical end points of CV disease. It would be useful to identify these individuals, preferably from feasible measurements commonly used in health care. Our study examined the association betwee...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajh/hpz011
更新日期:2019-05-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Experimentally induced sleep deprivation can raise blood pressure (BP) and worsen hypertension. We recently reported a significantly higher prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and reduced rapid eye movement (REM) sleep time in drug-resistant hypertensives compared to controlled hypertensives. The obj...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ajh.2009.220
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to determine the developmental pattern of atrial concentrations of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in the Dahl hypertension-prone rat, atrial ANF concentrations were measured in inbred hypertension-prone (S/JR) and hypertension-resistant (R/JR) Dahl rats at 5, 15, 25, and 51 days of age. In both strains, atri...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajh/1.1.61
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to comprehensively test the associations of genetic variants of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-related genes with blood pressure (BP) responses to dietary sodium intervention in a Chinese population. METHODS:We conducted a 7-day low-sodium intervention ...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajh/hpw200
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is unclear whether serum uric acid (SUA) is associated with development of new-onset diabetes (NOD) in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The aim of the present investigation was to test the hypothesis that SUA predicts development of NOD in these patients. METHODS:In the ...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/ajh.2010.89
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salt-sensitive persons have lower plasma renin activity than salt-resistant persons and their plasma renin activity increases less with a low sodium diet or volume depletion, compared to salt-resistant individuals. However, the time course of the renin response to acute volume contraction has not been studied in human...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(01)02226-9
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arterial stiffness has been known as a sign of cardiovascular risk since the 19th century. Despite this, accurate measurement and clinical utility have only emerged in recent times. Arterial stiffness and its hemodynamic consequences are now established as predictors of adverse cardiovascular outcome. They are easily ...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/ajh.2010.192
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Essential hypertension is often accompanied by abnormalities of the coagulation/fibrinolytic system, predisposing to a procoagulant state. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of atenolol (beta1-blocker agent) and irbesartan (angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist) on plasma levels of hemostatic/...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(00)00262-4
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of 17 beta-estradiol (beta E2), alpha-estradiol (alpha E2), and progesterone (P) on baseline and vasopressin (AVP)-induced [Ca2+]i in human platelets obtained from healthy male and female volunteers. Platelets were treated with beta E2, alpha E2, P, or ethanol vehicle for 30 min at 37 degre...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-7061(94)00168-B
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that calcium induces the formation of potent vasodilators in endothelial cells and vasoconstriction in smooth muscle cells, whereas in the renal parenchyma, it modulates sodium excretion through vascular and tubular mechanisms. Consequently, an increased concentration of calcium in renal circulation may in...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ajh/4.7.473s
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Na-K-Cl cotransport activity in red blood cells from essential hypertensive men with low (n = 8, mean age 42 +/- 4 years) or normal renin activity (n = 4, mean age 43 +/- 3 years), and in normotensive men with normal renin activity (n = 7, mean age 38 +/- 4 years) has been evaluated by means of a recently develope...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajh/7.2.151
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Complement factor H (CFH) is a plasma protein that is essential in the regulation of the alternative complement pathway and has been implicated as taking part in complement inhibition in atherogenesis. We evaluated the association of the Y402H polymorphism with incident coronary heart disease (CHD), incident...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1038/ajh.2007.81
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a strong risk factor for cardiac morbidity and mortality considerable interest has been generated concerning the possible effects of modifying LVH in hypertensive patients. In animal models disproportionate regression of left ventricular (LV) mass in relation to blood pres...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ajh/3.6.512
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The adverse association between blood pressure and carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), a surrogate measure of subclinical atherosclerosis, is well-known. However, whether the G-6A polymorphism of the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene, a candidate gene of hypertension and vascular remodeling, modulates this...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2007.06.001
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hypertension is a definitive risk factor for stroke. We examined the associations between hypertension subtypes and stroke incidence in rural Chinese adults. METHODS:We conducted a prospective study in a sample of 38,949 rural Chinese adults aged ≥35 years and free from stroke at baseline. The subtypes of h...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajh/hpt197
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is growing evidence that residential environment is associated with hypertension. Recently, interest has also turned toward examining the possible influence of remoteness on hypertension. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of remoteness, the shortest path between the subject location and th...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ajh.2012.36
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Beetroot has attracted much attention because of its blood pressure-lowering properties. Although beetroot contains various nutritional compounds, including inorganic nitrate, some of their physiological properties are not fully understood. In this study, we examined whether betanin, a beetroot component, ha...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajh/hpaa006
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Onset of diabetes increases plasma renin activity (PRA) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), but blood pressure (BP) is normal. In this study, a 70% surgical reduction in kidney mass (RK) was used to decrease baseline GFR and to prevent hyperfiltration during diabetes, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (AC...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2006.05.012
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arterial hypertension is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but the ability to use blood pressure measurements to predict complications in individual patients or small groups is limited. One possible approach to identifying hypertensive patients at high risk is based on the observation that the presenc...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ajh/2.8.650
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening are commonly observed in type 2 diabetes. These abnormalities might be secondary to increased plasma concentrations of homocysteine. We sought to determine whether oral folic acid supplementation, by lowering homocysteine levels, enhanced endothelial function a...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.08.036
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma glucose and insulin responses to an oral glucose challenge and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake were measured in 47 age-, weight-, and sex-matched lean white men (16 with normal blood pressure, 14 with untreated hypertension, nine treated with a thiazide diuretic only, and eight treated with combined diuretic ...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajh/2.6.419
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to further characterize previously described racial differences in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, the activity of sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase was measured in cultured skin fibroblasts from normotensive African-Americans and whites. Cells originated from apparently healthy, normotensive Afr...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(96)00415-3
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the most direct way to interfere with the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is at the level of the angiotensin II (AII) receptor, the currently available AII receptor antagonists are peptides still retaining significant agonistic properties with the obvious drawbacks of limited stability and lack of oral activit...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ajh/3.8.599
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The W allele of the G460W polymorphism in the adducin-1 gene has been occasionally associated with increased blood pressure (BP). The aim of this study was to test whether the G460W variant is associated with BP levels and BP progression rate and whether G460W associations with BP are affected by sex, body m...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2007.04.007
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied how closely changes in electronically monitored physical activity are reflected in changes in blood pressure and heart rate in a group of untreated hypertensive subjects. Thirty-nine hypertensive patients (office blood pressure > 140/ 90 mm Hg) of mean age 57 +/- 10 years (mean +/-SD) wore an ambulatory blo...
journal_title:American journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(99)00147-8
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00