Abstract:
:1. Following the establishment, in the USA, of the first poisons information centre, in 1953, the movement has grown globally. Originally, such a service was intended to meet an emergency need. Its efficacy has still not been objectively audited. 2. The suggestion now is that clinical toxicology has become such a diverse subject within the community that simply answering emergency calls over the telephone is not enough. Instead, expertly staffed clinical toxicology units should be set up to cater for much wider problems.
journal_name
Hum Exp Toxicoljournal_title
Human & experimental toxicologyauthors
Goulding Rdoi
10.1177/096032719101000606subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-11-01 00:00:00pages
401-4issue
6eissn
0960-3271issn
1477-0903journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Kampo (Japanese traditional herbal) medicines have been produced by combining multiple crude drugs, almost all of plant origin but with some of animal or mineral origin, and contain a great many substances. Their effect is a combination of the various interactions of the constituent substances, whether they are enhanc...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1191/0960327106het654oa
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain tumors are often incurable despite current aggressive treatment modalities. Regional intracerebral administration of labeled monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) can maximize the radioisotope and Mab concentration to tumor sites while reducing systemic toxicity. h-R3 is a humanized antiepidermal growth factor receptor M...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/096032700675323269
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phenomenon of subtoxic stimulation of organism response is not uncommon in aquatic toxicology experiments. We describe the presence of hormesis in both growth and reproduction experiments in aquatic toxicology where these responses are observed in both animals and plants and at different trophic levels of an ecosy...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096032719801700505
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatic fibrosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Attenuation of fibrogenic process can significantly lower the mortality rate. However, pharmaceutical intervention at fibrogenesis stage remains a major task in medicine. So there is a need for a natural compound to treat hepatic fibrosis. This ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327116638727
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. With DTPA as a comparison, the siderophore analogue 3,4,3-LIHOPO has been examined for its ability to remove 228Th nitrate from the rat after subcutaneous (sc) and intramuscular (im) injection to simulate wound contamination. The commencement of treatment was delayed 30 min, 6 h or 1 d and the animals killed at 7 d...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719501400202
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Omeprazole is one of the most used acid-suppressing medications. This fact emphasizes the questions concerning the safety of this compound. Healthy volunteers (n=33) were included in this prospective study. All study subjects were analysed for their CYP2C19 genotype. Of the 33 individuals, 24 were homozygous for the w...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327104ht431oa
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the environmental toxicant, triethyltin, on Ca2+ mobilization in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells have been examined. Triethyltin induced an increase in cytosolic free Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i) at concentrations larger than 2 microM in a concentration-dependent manner. Within 5 min, the [Ca2+]i signal...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327102ht276oa
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Multiple low doses of the direct acting organophosphates, ecothiopate, paraoxon and mipafox produced persistent and additive inhibition of diaphragm acetylcholinesterase. Paraoxon and mipafox had similar effects on brain acetylcholinesterase. There was greater recovery from inhibition between doses for paraoxon and...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719701600201
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence-based guidelines do not exist for the treatment of patients with chronic mild-moderate digoxin toxicity. We sought to evaluate differences among specialists in the use of digoxin-specific antibody fragments and the decision to admit these patients. A sample of cardiologists, emergency physicians, and medical ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327109105405
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic (carbon-based) compounds that include synthesized substances (pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs]) and other by-product substances generated as a result of human and natural activity (dioxins and furans). Extensive scientific studies have shown that POPs are...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327109347048
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning causes fulminant deaths in common environment as well as neurological sequelae to survivors. Prevention of delayed neurological syndrome (DNS) after exposure to CO, the most important sequela, is based up to date on hyperbaric oxygen administration. Nevertheless, its use remains c...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327120901572
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of sympathomimetic intervention with dopamine or dobutamine on the myocardial uptake of d-propoxyphene was investigated experimentally in rats. The d-propoxyphene (19 mg kg-1 h-1) was continuously infused, intravenously, over 45 min. After 20 min of infusion the rats were given either dopamine (12.5 microgr...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719101000203
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progesterone (a neurosteroid) is an important modulator of the nervous system functioning. Organophosphorus pesticides like phosphamidon have been shown to adversely affect memory and induce oxidative stress on both acute and chronic exposure. The present study was therefore designed to investigate the effects of prog...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110396522
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present investigation was to check the fluctuation in essential elements, such as Na, K, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni in the brain, spinal cord, liver and kidney of mice during methylmercury chloride (MMC) toxication and therapy with monothiols (N-acetyl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone and glutathione) and vit...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719401301201
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In responding to Drs Calabrese and Baldwin's question, 'At what point, if ever, should hormesis be employed as the principal dose response default assumption in risk assessment?', we examined the benefits of replacing traditional dose-response with hormesis. In general, hormesis provides more complete useful informati...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327105ht521oa
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dimerized translationally controlled tumor protein (dTCTP) plays a role in allergic diseases. A 7-mer peptide, dimerized translationally binding protein 2 (dTBP2), binds to dTCTP and inhibits dTCTP, suggesting that the 7-mer peptide may have therapeutic potential. We assessed the safety of dTBP2 by examining its cytot...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327113477873
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to determine the reliability of denial of acetaminophen ingestion in intentional drug overdose patients. All intentional drug overdose patients admitted to an emergency department who were able to provide a history were included. A detailed history was obtained on names, timing and numb...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110366784
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::beta-glucuronidase is considered a sensitive biomarker for acute organophosphorus poisoning. In this well-documented study, multiple plasma samples over time were collected. A decrease in plasma concentration of beta-glucuronidase was surprisingly observed, even within normal range. These findings do not support the h...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327108094614
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary heart disease and in particular its most serious form - acute myocardial infarction (AMI) - represents the most common cause of mortality in developed countries. Better prognosis may be achieved by understanding the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of AMI. Therefore, a catecholamine model of myocardial injury, whi...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327109350665
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epichlorohydrin (ECH) is an antifertility agent that acts both as an epididymal toxicant and an agent capable of directly affecting sperm motility. This study identified the time course of apoptotic cell death in rat epididymides after ECH treatment. Rats were administrated with a single oral dose of ECH (50 mg/kg). E...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112467042
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The widespread use of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) among youth has become an important public health problem. Several life-threatening side effects of SC have been reported, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, renal, metabolic, ophthalmologic, and pulmonary effects, besides skin toxicit...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327120930057
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the 1980s, villages in the Kurdistan region of Iraq were exposed to chemical weapons (CWs), which killed and injured thousands of civilians. There has been no clinical assessment of the long-term effects of CWs exposure on those injured. We report the first such evaluation of CW effects on long-term health of child...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327117734620
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents the findings of a study of serum pseudocholinesterase activity in a group of 36 industrial workers chronically exposed to organophosphorus (OP) compounds. The mean pseudocholinesterase level of the workers was significantly lower than that of 36 other workers without a history of similar exposure. ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719101000406
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on testicular toxicity of methotrexate in rats. Nineteen male rats were divided into three groups as follows: group I, control; group II, methotrexate-treated; group III, methotrexate + caffeic acid phenethyl ester-tr...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327108092293
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 The cytotoxicity of dichlorobenzenes in cultured rat liver slices has previously been shown to be strain specific and biotransformation related. 2 In order to extrapolate animal models to humans, the dichlorobenzenes were incubated with human liver slices to try to clarify their hepatotoxic potential in man. 3 The d...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719101000510
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The herbicide, paraquat, is accumulated by the energy-dependent polyamine uptake pathway of alveolar type II cells. There it undergoes redox cycling that results in an amplified production of toxic reactive oxygen species and depletion of NADPH and other reducing equivalents. These processes account for the lung be...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719401300808
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Puerarin, a potent free radicals scavenger, has been demonstrated to have protective efficacy in oxidative damage induced by nephrotoxins. In the present study, the attenuating effect of puerarin (PU) on lead (Pb)-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress was investigated in cultured primary rat proximal tubular (rPT) ce...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327114521048
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) is widely available in many over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions or medicated oils for the relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains. Ingestion of methyl salicylate poses the threat of severe, rapid-onset salicylate poisoning because of its liquid, concentrated form and...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096032719601500905
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Blood lead levels were examined in 127 housepainters in North Carolina between April and September, 1993. Each participant filled out a questionnaire and gave a blood sample. The questionnaire covered the individual's work history, concentrating on paint-removal activities and personal protection, and also covered ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719501400512
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drugs intended for use in preventing allograft rejection in transplant patients are likely to be administered chronically; thus, it is normally expected that sponsors would conduct nonclinical studies to determine the carcinogenic potential of candidate compounds. For pharmaceuticals other than biologic agents, this w...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1191/096032700678815837
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00