Abstract:
:Severe carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning causes fulminant deaths in common environment as well as neurological sequelae to survivors. Prevention of delayed neurological syndrome (DNS) after exposure to CO, the most important sequela, is based up to date on hyperbaric oxygen administration. Nevertheless, its use remains controversial due to the lack of evidence regarding its efficacy. The aim of this review is to report therapies under investigation for preventing or improving DNS, some of them with promising results in humans.
journal_name
Hum Exp Toxicoljournal_title
Human & experimental toxicologyauthors
Del Moral-Barbudo B,Blancas R,Ballesteros-Ortega D,Quintana-Díaz M,Martínez-González Ódoi
10.1177/0960327120901572subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-01 00:00:00pages
765-772issue
6eissn
0960-3271issn
1477-0903journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:Poisoning from organophosphates and carbamates is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Concerns have been expressed over the safety and efficacy of the use of oximes such as pralidoxime (2-PAM) in patients with carbamate poisoning in general, and more so with carbaryl poisoning specifi...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327107070849
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accidental ingestion of electrical batteries occurs commonly in children. This rarely is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. Significant symptoms can arise due to leakage of alkali or heavy metals from the battery after degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. The main heavy metal of concern in electrica...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327104ht433oa
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This study provides an epidemiological description of non-health care facility medication errors involving anticonvulsant drugs. METHODS:A retrospective analysis of National Poison Data System data was conducted on non-health care facility medication errors involving anticonvulsant drugs reported to US Po...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327117721962
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to evaluate data retrospectively on accidental ingestion of ethylene glycol (EG), based on calls to the Czech Toxicological Information Centre and from toxicological laboratories, in the years 2000-2004. All patients who ingested a known amount of EG and/or subjects with measured serum ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327107073831
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drugs intended for use in preventing allograft rejection in transplant patients are likely to be administered chronically; thus, it is normally expected that sponsors would conduct nonclinical studies to determine the carcinogenic potential of candidate compounds. For pharmaceuticals other than biologic agents, this w...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1191/096032700678815837
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Multiple low doses of the direct acting organophosphates, ecothiopate, paraoxon and mipafox produced persistent and additive inhibition of diaphragm acetylcholinesterase. Paraoxon and mipafox had similar effects on brain acetylcholinesterase. There was greater recovery from inhibition between doses for paraoxon and...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719701600201
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study was done to find out whether subacute exposure to supercypermethrin forte (SCM) affected cellular and humoral immunity. Groups of 10 male Wistar rats were given SCM by gavage for 28 days at 12.5 mg kg-1 day-1 (1/14 LD50), 8.75 mg kg-1 day-1 (1/20 LD50) and 4.38 mg kg-1 day-1 (1/40 LD50) and the response of s...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719501400502
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of definite and probable human chemical carcinogens identified by IARC approaches between 1987 and June 2004 is reported to be 50 agents. However, overall, given the rapid expansion in the number of chemicals in use, the throughput of the current approach to identifying potential environmental carcinogens i...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327105ht559oa
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 The concentrations of a range of organochlorine pesticide residues have been determined in 168 samples of human milk collected between January 1997 and May 1998 in the UK. 2 Of the 18 residues sought, only p,p'-DTT, p,p'-DDE, dieldrin, HCB, beta-HCH and gamma-HCH were detected. 3 The continuing trend of a reduction ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/096032799678839392
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hormesis can be considered as a parameter which has a non-monotonic relationship with some endpoint. Since caloric intake is such a parameter, and the impact of this parameter on risk assessment has been fairly well characterized, it can provide clues as to how to integrate the information from a hormetic parameter in...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719801700810
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmaceutical research and new drug development rely extensively on animal research. The development of novel agents for intrathecal administration requires preclinical studies of toxic effects in an animal model. We have developed a nonrodent animal model for this purpose. Our sheep model: 1 Is an animal whose neura...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719901800204
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study is to analyze exposures concerning analgesics that were reported to Dokuz Eylul University Drug and Poison Information Center (DPIC) and admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine in Dokuz Eylul University Hospital (EMDEU) between 1993 and 2004. Demographics of the patients, character...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327107076836
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue-dependent oestrogenic and anti-oestrogenic activity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been suggested. In this study, the effect of two PAH mixtures, M1 composed of all 16 priority pollutants and M2 composed of five (noted in the highest levels) compounds, on follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (F...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327119886027
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to evaluate the maternal toxicity and teratogenicity of fenproporex, one of the most widely-used anorectic drugs in many countries, including Brazil. Three periods of exposure were evaluated: (a) 30 days before mating; (b) from gestational day (GD) 0 to 14; and (c) 30 days before mating and dur...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327105ht545oa
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progesterone (a neurosteroid) is an important modulator of the nervous system functioning. Organophosphorus pesticides like phosphamidon have been shown to adversely affect memory and induce oxidative stress on both acute and chronic exposure. The present study was therefore designed to investigate the effects of prog...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110396522
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the main clinical concern resulted from ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Ample clinical data indicates that AKI is associated with distant organ dysfunctions and poor patients' outcomes. Oxidative stress and inflammation have a critical role in the pathogenesis of organ injurie...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327120979014
更新日期:2020-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::The antidiabetic agent metformin was shown to further possess chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects against cancer. Despite the advances, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in decreasing tumor formation are still unclear. The understanding of the participation of oxidative stress in the action mechani...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327117737145
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In our study, rats were exposed to sarin vapors for 240 min at four different concentrations (0.30, 0.43, 0.58 and 0.82 microg/L) in a whole-body inhalation chamber. The acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) was measured in the whole blood, frontal cortex (FC), pontomedullar area (PM) and basal ganglia (BG)...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327105ht539oa
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iodine-125 HIPDM was evaluated as a screening agent for studying multiorgan toxicity due to Cyclosporine-A (CsA) and the results were compared to histopathological findings of the tissues. The rats were injected subcutaneously with 50 mg/kg (body weight) of CsA or with equal volume of the vehicle, Cremophor-EL, for 7 ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719601501101
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methanol, a potent toxicant in humans, occurs naturally at a low level in most alcoholic beverages without causing harm. However, illicit drinks made from "industrial methylated spirits" [5% (v/v) methanol:95% (v/v) ethanol] can cause severe and even fatal illness. Since documentation of a no-adverse-effect level for ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/096032701718620864
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::9-(4'-Aminophenyl)-9H-pyrido [3,4-b] indole (aminophenylnorharman, APNH) is a novel mutagenic heterocyclic amine, produced by the reaction of norharman with aniline in the presence of S9 mix. In the present study, the maternal and developmental toxicity of APNH were investigated in ICR mice administered oral doses of ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327102ht227oa
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::beta-glucuronidase is considered a sensitive biomarker for acute organophosphorus poisoning. In this well-documented study, multiple plasma samples over time were collected. A decrease in plasma concentration of beta-glucuronidase was surprisingly observed, even within normal range. These findings do not support the h...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327108094614
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 20-year-old male who attempted suicide by injecting subcutaneously 10 ml of Sistemin 40 (40% dimethoate) was admitted 16 h later. General weakness, muscular fibrillations and a marked inhibition of red blood cell and serum cholinesterases were the prominent signs of intoxication. The antidotal treatment of intermitt...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719000900111
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) enzyme is sensitive to pro-oxidant agents, including molecular oxygen. Here, we tested whether hyperoxygenation after total intravenous (i.v.) anesthesia could interact with the type of anesthesia (dexmedetomidine, continuous infusion; 0.5 μg/kg/h or remifentanil, continuous...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110372399
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-mediated damage in dopaminergic neurons is well documented. Protective potential of steroidal hormone (17β-estradiol) has also been suggested. However, therapeutic potential of such promising hormone is hampered due to complex brain anatomy and physiology. Thus, ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110382130
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. This study examines the effect of treating rats with gentamicin (80 mg kg-1 day-1 intramuscularly (i.m.), for 6 days) alone or with either L-thyroxine or the anti-thyroid drug carbimazole. 2. Gentamicin produced significant increases in serum creatinine and urea concentrations, and significantly reduced the activit...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719501400103
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acrylamide is oxidized by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) to its epoxide form, glycidamide, which is believed to be responsible for the mutagenic and carcinogenic activities. This study was carried out to investigate the early changes that may be related to the carcinogenic activity of acrylamide in thyroid, adrenal glan...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327111417267
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sepsis, often initiated by an infection, is a state of disrupted inflammatory homeostasis. There is increasing evidence that oxidative stress has an important role in the development of sepsis-induced multiorgan failure. Resveratrol (RV) is a polyphenolic compound found in the skin of red fruits, such as mulberries an...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112467047
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Neonatal treatment of rats with vitamin D3 resulted in a change of sexual behavior in adulthood. 2. 2.5 mg vitamin D3 completely inhibited the ejaculation of males without any apparent influence on sexual desire. 250 mg vitamin D3 influenced both the desire and ejaculation. 3. Sexual activity of females was depress...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719601500704
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutrophil functions were studied in 38 lead-exposed workers compared to 34 controls. Both groups were matched according to age, sex, drinking and smoking habits, ethnic origin and drug intake. Blood lead levels were found to be seven times higher in exposed workers than in controls. Phagocytosis assayed by chemilumin...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719000900405
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00