Abstract:
:In untreated smokers, exposure to cigarette-related cues increases both the intensity of cigarette craving and relative glucose metabolism of the perigenual/ventral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Given that treatment with bupropion HCl reduces overall cigarette craving levels in nicotine dependent subjects, we performed a preliminary study of smokers to determine if bupropion HCl treatment attenuates cue-induced cigarette craving and associated brain metabolic activation. Thirty-seven, otherwise healthy smokers (20 untreated and 17 who had received open-label treatment with bupropion HCl) underwent two (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scanning sessions in randomized order--one when presented with neutral cues and the other when presented with cigarette-related cues. Bupropion-treated smokers had smaller cigarette cue-induced increases in craving scores on the Urge to Smoke (UTS) Scale and less activation of perigenual/ventral ACC metabolism from the neutral to the cigarette cue scan than untreated smokers. Thus, in addition to its known effects on spontaneous cigarette craving and withdrawal symptoms, bupropion HCl diminishes cue-induced cigarette craving and appears to attenuate cigarette cue-induced ACC activation. These results are consistent with the known effects of bupropion HCl, including its enhancement of catecholaminergic neurotransmission.
journal_name
Psychiatry Resjournal_title
Psychiatry researchauthors
Brody AL,Mandelkern MA,Lee G,Smith E,Sadeghi M,Saxena S,Jarvik ME,London EDdoi
10.1016/j.pscychresns.2003.12.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-04-30 00:00:00pages
269-81issue
3eissn
0165-1781issn
1872-7123pii
S0925492704000186journal_volume
130pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Most people with a serious mental illness experience significant functional impairment despite ongoing pharmacological treatment. Thus, in order to improve outcomes, a better understanding of functional predictors is needed. This study examined negative affect, a construct comprised of negative emotional experience, a...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.06.031
更新日期:2016-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Only little is known about pathological personality traits in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). The aim of this study was to further investigate the prevalence of personality traits in adults with GTS. We used a variety of rating scales to assess not only personality traits, but also severity of tics...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.04.043
更新日期:2015-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Deciding whether to disclose one's psychiatric disorder to a prospective employer is a complex decision for people with severe mental illness seeking to return to work, with potential advantages and disadvantages. The present study examined the rates, patterns, and correlates of disclosure in 51 participants (74.5% sc...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.017
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined neuroanatomical differences between male schizophrenic patients with a family history of psychosis (n = 16) and those without such a history (n = 15). Intracranial area, cerebral area, ventricular size, and cortical atrophy were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Third ventricular enl...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4927(91)90028-o
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Internalized stigma reduces chances of clinical and subjective recovery in people with schizophrenia and other severe mental illness. To date, there is not enough evidence about an effective intervention to reduce internalized stigma that promotes clinical and subjective recovery in people with high internalized stigm...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113635
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A clear measure of eye movement disorder (EMD) that reliably separated schizophrenic individuals from others would both give insight into the brain control of the disorder and provide an aid in diagnosis. In the present study, a detailed analysis was carried out of the interactions between the pursuit and saccadic com...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-1781(92)90145-s
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Firefighters represent a unique, vulnerable population at high risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology due to the high rates of occupational exposure to traumatic events. To inform specialized alcohol use interventions for firefighters, it is important to understand ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112633
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) is among the most commonly used scales to measure chronotype. We aimed to evaluate psychometric properties and clinical correlates of MEQ in bipolar disorder. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of bipolar disorder (n = 53) answered questionnaires for chronotype (MEQ), mo...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.02.004
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia has been associated with autonomic dysregulation and increased cardiovascular co-morbidity. We hypothesised that autonomic dysregulation in patients with schizophrenia is associated with psychopathology and metabolic profiles. In this study, we aimed to evaluate psychopathology, comprehensive metabolic p...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.07.034
更新日期:2013-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Diminished facial expressivity is a common feature of schizophrenia that interferes with effective interpersonal communication. This study was designed to determine if real-time visual feedback improved the ability of patients with schizophrenia to imitate and produce modeled facial expressions. Twenty patients with s...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2005.12.007
更新日期:2006-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::The current experiment examined emotional processing difficulties related to self referential material in high schizotypal individuals employing the mnemic neglect paradigm. Participants read about behaviors, in reference to themselves, that were either central or peripheral, and positive or negative, before recalling...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.07.086
更新日期:2015-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::A number of long-term studies of course and outcome in schizophrenia report that about a fourth of the cases show good clinical and social recovery. However, very few studies have been carried out examining the main characteristics of schizophrenia patients who have fully recovered according to a strict definition of ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(99)00077-3
更新日期:1999-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated spontaneous eye-blink rates in 19 drug-free patients with winter seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and 18 normal control subjects. At baseline, there were no significant differences between the two groups (mean +/- SD blink rate: 15/minute +/- 8 vs. 15/minute +/- 7). Light therapy (10,000 lux: 1 hour e...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-1781(93)90057-n
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because estrogen may influence brain blood flow and metabolism in older adults, we used positron emission tomography to evaluate cerebral glucose metabolic change in post-menopausal women and men. Women estrogen users (n=4), women non-users (n=8) and men (n=10) were scanned at baseline and two years later. Analyses fo...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4927(01)00084-1
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several recent investigations have suggested that neurobiological similarities may exist between patients with eating disorders and those with depression. We performed polysomnograms for two consecutive nights on nine bulimic and six anorectic patients who had no concomitant diagnosis of endogenous depression. The rap...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-1781(87)90078-3
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) is a fluid-filled cavity in the thin midline structure of the septum pellucidum. The CSP has been linked to several neurodevelopmental disorders, but it also occurs as a result of head injury. The aims were to assess the presence and characterization of the CSP in youth with traumatic...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.03.001
更新日期:2013-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder in which, classically, patients present with postural instability and falls, parkinsonism, and slowing of vertical saccades. PSP patients typically have deficits in cognitive functioning, difficulties with most daily activities, and present with...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.08.045
更新日期:2013-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). It may act through intracellular process modulation, but its exact mechanism is still unknown. Animal research supports a neurotrophic effect for ECT. We aimed to investigate the association between changes in serum brain-derived neu...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.04.009
更新日期:2015-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::The primary purpose of the present study was to develop a reliable and valid rating instrument for assessing treatment efficacy for behavioral problems in the cognitively impaired elderly. The Behavioral and Emotional Activities Manifested in Dementia (BEAM-D) Scale was developed for the operational assessment of trou...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-1781(92)90020-4
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirteen medication-free chronic schizophrenic patients and 11 normal control subjects were administered a trial by trial version of the Stroop Color Naming Task which evaluated separately the processes of interference and facilitation. There was no difference between the groups in the amount of interference to naming...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-1781(92)90105-c
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poor cognitive insight in schizophrenia has been linked to delusions, hallucinations, and negative symptoms as well as to depressive/anxiety symptoms. Its impact on quality of life has been less studied, especially in schizophrenia subjects with ongoing auditory hallucinations. The Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS) ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.09.032
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disturbances in the hippocampal glutamate (Glu)/N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) system have been implicated in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Here we aim to provide a targeted integration of two measures of glutamatergic functioning in BD; the association between mismatch negativity (MMN) and in vivo hippoc...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.05.002
更新日期:2015-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C was significantly reduced in platelets obtained from 20 euthymic manic-depressive patients on therapeutic lithium doses (mean blood level 0.85 mEq/l) compared to an age- and sex-matched group of 36 control subjects. The activities of prostaglandin E1-, alum...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-1781(88)90138-2
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study sought to determine possible causal linkages among stressful life events, social rhythms, and levels of depressive symptomatology for 81 elderly subjects (51 recently widowed, 30 healthy controls). We examined the associations among stressful life events (i.e., bereavement status at baseline or a severely t...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-1781(94)90045-0
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral activation during memory encoding and retrieval might depend on subjects' learning capacity, either by corresponding to better performance in superior learners or by reflecting increased effort in inferior learners. To investigate these alternative hypotheses, the study compared cerebral activation during enc...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2004.01.007
更新日期:2004-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with schizophrenia and people with subclinical psychotic symptoms have difficulties getting a clear and stable representation of their self. The cognitive mechanisms involved in this reduced clarity of self-concept remain poorly understood. The present study examined whether an altered way of thinking or reas...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.03.029
更新日期:2016-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine social context processing in persons with schizophrenia. A secondary goal was to examine the ecological validity of these measures (i.e. how they relate to social behavior in the treatment setting). The performance of 35 persons with DSM-IV diagnosed schizophrenia and/or schizo...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(02)00004-5
更新日期:2002-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to correctly determine the intentions and behaviours of others. It is known that this capability is compromised in individuals with schizophrenia. It is has not been fully elucidated whether this observed phenomenon is of a state or trait nature. This study investigated whether ToM ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2006.01.008
更新日期:2006-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Disorders of the basal ganglia (BG) alter perception and experience of emotions. Left hemisphere BG (LBG) stroke is also associated with depression. The interplay between depression and alterations in emotional processing following LBG stroke was examined. Evoked affective responses to emotion-laden pictorial stimuli ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.05.008
更新日期:2013-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a long-standing interest in plasma prolactin as a potential in vivo indicator of blockade of tuberoinfundibular D2 dopamine receptors. Potential relationships between prolactin response and neuroleptic treatment have been obscured by the use of high doses which have caused prolactin to plateau. With low...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(98)00085-7
更新日期:1998-10-19 00:00:00