Abstract:
:The paper evaluates the role of the concept of degeneracy in current immunology. The historical background of the notion is considered, as well as that of related concepts like 'cross-reactivity' and 'promiscuity'. A distinction is made between degeneracy, as a property of a system and promiscuity, as a property of antibodies and lymphocytes, followed by a discussion of the relation of degeneracy to the clonal selection theory (CST). Attempts to accommodate the notion of degeneracy with the CST theory are critically reviewed. The notion of specific agency is identified as central for this debate, and an alternative conception of the immune response, focused on incorporation rather than interception, is discussed.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Parnes Odoi
10.1016/j.molimm.2003.11.021subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-02-01 00:00:00pages
985-91issue
14-15eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142pii
S0161589003003316journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Vitamin D has been recommended as an immune modulator in recent years, in addition to regulating calcium-phosphorous-bone metabolism. Clinical studies on organ transplantation found that vitamin D sufficiency patients were less likely to develop acute cellular rejection within one year after transplantation compared t...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.09.006
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Class II Transactivator (CIITA) is the master regulator of Major Histocompatibility Class II (MHC II) genes. Transcription of CIITA through the IFN-γ inducible CIITA promoter IV (CIITA pIV) during activation is characterized by a decrease in trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), catalyzed by the histo...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2015.08.003
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The myobacterial factors and the associated mechanism by which Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) evades the host immune surveillance system remain widely unexplored. Here, we found that overexpressing Rv1016c, a mannosylated protein of M. tuberculosis in BCG (rBCG-Rv1016c) led to increased virulence of the recombined B...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2019.02.021
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibrates, which function by binding and activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), have been used successfully to treat hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Increasing evidence suggests that in addition to their lipid lowering activities these medications also function as immunosuppressive...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2006.06.006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protective antigen (PA(83)) of Bacillus anthracis is the dominant antigen in natural and vaccine-induced immunity to anthrax infection. Three human single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) against cell bound PA were isolated from an antibody phage display library. Specifically, the antibodies were evaluated for the...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2006.11.011
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the impact of death-associated protein kinase 1 (Dapk1) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) via p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway. METHODS:Dapk1+/+ and Dapk1-/- mice were randomized into Control, LPS, SB203580 (a p38MAPK pathway inhibitor) + LPS, and PDTC (a NF-κB pathway inhibitor...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2020.01.014
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed two distinct solid-phase immunoassays for the detection of antigen binding activity by products of antigen binding T cell hybridomas in the absence of MHC. Two suppressor T cell hybridomas studied (34s-18 and 34s-704) are specific for keyhole limpet hemocyanin, a protein antigen, and the other suppre...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(89)90043-6
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibition of C5a by antibodies has been demonstrated to dramatically improve survival in various sepsis models in mice and rats. The structural basis of C5a mediated bioactivity and C5a antibody mediated neutralization are of interesting to be investigated. In the previous study, we obtained a novel functional mouse ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2011.03.013
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The high affinity receptor for IgE (FcvarepsilonRI) is constitutivelly expressed on the surface of mast cells and basophils as a multimeric complex. Upon antigen ligation to FcvarepsilonRI-bound IgE molecules, the receptor complex transduces intracellular signals leading to the release of preformed and newly synthesis...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2010.06.003
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The T-cell surface proteins CD4 (L3T4) and CD8 (Lyt2) are first expressed on thymocytes as they undergo maturation in the thymus. Two immature T-lymphoma cell clones SL12.4 and RS4.2 which constitutively express low or undetectable levels of CD4 and CD8 were used to investigate the activation of CD4 and CD8 gene expre...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(91)90087-z
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Der f 2 is one of the major mite allergens recognized by human IgE antibodies of allergic patients. Using five anti-Der f 2 mouse monoclonal antibodies, human IgE epitopes of Der f 2 were analyzed. Among them, two monoclonal antibodies 15E11 and 13A4 inhibited the binding between Der f 2 and human IgE antibodies. To d...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-5890(98)00112-6
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the regulation of the AP-1 DNA transcription complex during T cell activation in response to interleukin 1 (IL-1) and phorbol ester (TPA) treatment of the IL-1 responsive murine thymoma T cell line, EL4 6.1 C 10. IL-1 synergistically enhances the stimulatory effect of TPA on AP-1-mediated gene express...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(95)00055-j
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are preferentially M2 skewed and promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasion, and/or metastasis. In this study, we have analyzed the in vitro immunomodulatory potential of a non-toxic neem leaf glycoprotein (NLGP) in reprogramming Stage III supraglottic laryngeal tumor cell lysate ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.01.015
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammary epithelia and the epidermis share a common embryologic origin. Like resident epidermal T cells (ETC), a significant number of murine mammary gland T cells (MTC) express Vgamma5-T-cell receptors (TCR). MTC were assessed to see if they express the same invariant Vgamma5/Vdelta1-TCRs as those of ETC. MTC-derived ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2005.05.010
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bovine and equine factor D were purified to apparent homogeneity as evidenced by a single protein staining band on 7.5-17.5% SDS-PAGE slab gels under both reducing and non-reducing conditions. An apparent mol. wt of 15,000 for bovine D and 22,500 for equine D were noted after SDS-PAGE gel analysis of both reduced and ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(84)90141-x
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An IgGl(lambda) Mot myeloma protein showed a unique susceptibility toward papain digestion. The Fab fragment of Mot was more digestible with papain than the Fc fragment. This phenomenon was found to occur by unusual cleavage of the Fd fragment with papain. Determination of the complete primary structure of the V regio...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(86)90039-8
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endodontic infection is a widespread oral problem. DNA methylation is a key epigenetic modification that plays important roles in various inflammatory responses, but its role in dental pulp inflammation is poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in human dental pul...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2019.03.012
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) functions in leukocyte trafficking, activation, and the formation of the immunological synapse. ICAM-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of adhesion proteins, which share a similar structure of repeating Ig-like domains. Many genes in this family, including ICAM-1...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2010.03.005
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cancer immunosurveillance hypothesis has found strong experimental support in recent years. It is believed that cytotoxic lymphocytes are important effectors in this process. PKCtheta plays an essential role in proliferation, activation and survival of these cells, but also proliferation and survival of leukemic T...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2008.03.016
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A T cell subtype with the CD4+CD25-FoxP3+ phenotype was recently described. We aimed to investigate the frequency of these cells and their ability to produce cytokines in tumor-draining lymph nodes from patients with breast cancer (BC). MATERIALS AND METHODS:Mononuclear cells from lymph nodes of 20 patients...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2019.10.007
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.09.009
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sialic acid - binding immunoglobulin - like lectins (Siglecs) are members of the largest superfamily of immune receptors; they recognize sialic acid and are mainly expressed in immune cells. Studies on mammals indicate that Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) evade immune reactions by interacting with the host immune cells...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2016.01.005
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interplay between complement factors, regulatory proteins, anaphylatoxins and cytokines could be involved in tendon healing and scar formation. The expression and regulation of complement factors by cytokines or anaphylatoxins are completely unclear in tendon. Hence, the gene expression of the anaphylatoxin receptors ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2012.09.001
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent report indicated that T200 molecules interact with elements of the cytoskeleton in BW5147 T lymphoma cells. We have confirmed the cytoskeletal association of T200 by examining nonionic detergent-soluble and detergent-insoluble fractions of murine T cell tumor cell lines, cloned cytotoxic T lymphocyte lines, a...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(89)90111-9
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracts of blood lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear neutrophils and B, T or monocytic cell lines were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoradiometric assay after electro-transfer to nitrocellulose sheets with radiolabelled polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies specific for beta 2-microglobulin. Four d...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(89)90032-1
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparative interactions of purified rabbit C1q with 18-2-3, a high affinity (2-3 X 10(10) M-1) anti-fluorescein (anti-F1) murine monoclonal IgM antibody (pentamer) and constitutive monomeric subunits (IgMs) were studied. Using a solid phase radioimmunoassay (SPRIA), based on immobilized polyvalent antigen, it was sho...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(88)90076-4
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A monoclonal antibody (vpg15) has been described which can block infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and which recognizes the feline homologue of CD9. In order to study the role of feline CD9 in infection with FIV we have molecularly cloned a cDNA encoding feline CD9 by R.A.C.E (rapid amplification of c...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(95)00008-3
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The MHC class II transactivator (CIITA) acts in the cell nucleus as the master regulator of MHC class II (MHC II) gene expression. It is important to study CIITA regulation in multiple myeloma since MHC expression is central to ability of myeloma cells to present antigen and to the ability of the immune system to reco...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.01.009
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports the cloning and sequencing of two pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-8, in haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) by homology cloning. The complete transcript of the haddock IL-1beta was sequenced and contained 1043 bp, including a 762 bp open reading frame. The 3' end of the gene...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2006.05.010
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Signal transduction by the B cell receptor (BCR) is an absolute requirement for the selection and development of B lymphocytes at multiple checkpoints. Binding to antigen via the BCR is complemented by a co-stimulus delivered through accessory and co-stimulatory cell surface molecules that regulate the signalling thre...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/s0161-5890(02)00203-1
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00