The fundamental role of memory in olfactory perception.

abstract：:In contrast to innocuous stimuli, which only have transient effects when applied to the body surface, noxious stimuli generate persistent changes in the nervous system. This nociceptive memory manifests itself most prominently as a post-injury sensitization where, after tissue damage, the avoidance reaction and pain t...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Woolf CJ,Walters ET

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A growing body of work is investigating the safety and efficacy of light in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here we discuss the potential of this emerging therapy to improve both motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. We also highlight directions for future basic, translational, and clinical research that are critical for the ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Fifel K,Videnovic A

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensory representations are repeatedly transformed by neural computations that determine which of their attributes can be effectively processed at each stage. Whereas some early computations are common across multiple sensory systems, they can utilize dissimilar underlying mechanisms depending on the properties of eac...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Cleland TA

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic microinflammation is a hallmark of many aging-related neurodegenerative diseases as well as metabolic syndrome-driven diseases. Recent research indicates that chronic caloric excess can lead to hypothalamic microinflammation, which in turn participates in the development and progression of metabolic syndrome d...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Tang Y,Purkayastha S,Cai D

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanosensation in Drosophila relies on sensory neurons transducing mechanical stimuli into ionic currents. The molecular mechanisms of this transduction are in the process of being revealed. Transduction relies on mechanogated ion channels that are activated by membrane stretch or the tension of force-conveying teth...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Hehlert P,Zhang W,Göpfert MC

更新日期：2020-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Many behavioral responses are completed too quickly for the underlying sensory processes to rely on estimation of neural firing rates over extended time windows. Theoretically, first-spike times could underlie such rapid responses, but direct evidence has been lacking. Such evidence has now been uncovered in the human...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： VanRullen R,Guyonneau R,Thorpe SJ

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It might appear curious to read about yeast, slime molds and protozoa in a journal dedicated to neuroscience. However, despite their distinct lack of synapses, eukaryotic microorganisms hold a wealth of information relevant to the signal-transduction pathways that underly activity in neuronal receptor cells, particula...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Van Houten J

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mature rodents, whisker-related patterns are known to be present in three levels of the brain: the brainstem trigeminal nuclei, the ventrobasal thalamus and the somatosensory cortex. These patterns have been demonstrated using neuroanatomical tracing techniques, histological and histochemical staining methods and e...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Waite PM,Marotte LR,Leamey CA,Mark RF

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two recent monkey studies demonstrate that feedforward processing in the visual system is reflected by activity in the 40-90Hz gamma band, whereas feedback is reflected by activity in the 5-18Hz alpha and beta band. These findings can be applied to interpret human electrophysiological activity in complex visual tasks....

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Jensen O,Bonnefond M,Marshall TR,Tiesinga P

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the past decade intensive molecular genetic research has been carried out in the attempt to pinpoint chromosomal loci that may be linked to neuropsychiatric disorders. Joseph Martin reviews progress made in the application of molecular genetics to the study of diseases such as Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Martin JB

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of synaptic connections in the electron microscope has established an 'elementary' circuit for the neostriatum which consists of a pathway from cortical areas (neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala) to medium spiny neurones of the striatum that also receive converging synaptic input from midbrain dopamine neurone...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Smith AD,Bolam JP

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sleep can facilitate memory formation, but its role in cortical plasticity is poorly understood. A recent study found that sleep, following monocular deprivation (MD), facilitated cortical changes in ocular dominance. The magnitude of plasticity was similar to that observed after continued MD, and larger than that see...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Hoffman KL,McNaughton BL

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of the brain during noxious experience converge on the anterior cingulate cortex as a key region in the processing of pain. A recent exciting study extends this understanding to include the anterior cingulate as a center for endogenous opioid activation specific to negative pain affect. ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Derbyshire SW

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Life span is determined by both environmental and genetic influences. The importance of genes is illustrated by the fact that single gene mutations extend life span in nematodes, fruit flies and mice. Recent reports reveal that the life span of Caenorhabditis elegans is controlled by insulin-like signals from the nerv...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Wolkow CA

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Notions of what constitutes a neurotransmitter have changed markedly with the advent in the past decade of synaptic molecules, which satisfy key neurotransmitter criteria but differ radically from classical transmitters. Thus, NO and carbon monoxide are neither stored in synaptic vesicles nor released by exocytosis. T...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Barañano DE,Ferris CD,Snyder SH

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS), an incurable but manageable disorder, is characterized by chronic inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. Although the primary cause of this often devastating disease remains elusive, major therapeutic advances have occurred during the past two decades. ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Aktas O,Kieseier B,Hartung HP

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of central synapses to undergo long-term potentiation (LTP) still captures the imagination of scientists and has become one of the most fascinating and deeply studied questions in modern neuroscience. By the mid-1990s, however, the field was deeply ensnarled in trying to answer a passionately dichotomous q...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Vincent-Lamarre P,Lynn M,Béïque JC

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endoplasmic reticulum responds to stress by initiating a cascade of events known as the 'unfolded-protein response' (UPR). The accumulation of misfolded proteins in the leukodystrophy Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease activates this stress response, resulting in apoptosis of oligodendrocytes. Although it remains uncert...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Forman MS,Lee VM,Trojanowski JQ

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzodiazepines are widely used clinically to treat anxiety and insomnia. They also induce muscle relaxation, control epileptic seizures, and can produce amnesia. Moreover, benzodiazepines are often abused after chronic clinical treatment and also for recreational purposes. Within weeks, tolerance to the pharmacologic...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Tan KR,Rudolph U,Lüscher C

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To localize a sound source in space, the auditory system detects minute differences in the arrival time of a sound between the two ears. It has long been assumed that delay lines and coincidence detectors turn these time differences into a labelled line code for source position, but recent studies challenge this view....

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Schnupp J

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nearly 30 years ago, a debate over two disparate models of synaptic vesicle retrieval arose. Subsequent investigations to determine which model was correct proved inconclusive and served only to further the debate. However, recent evidence has begun to suggest that both models are valid and relevant in understanding t...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Wilkinson RS,Cole JC

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conflicting reports about whether adult hippocampal neurogenesis occurs in humans raise questions about its significance for human health and the relevance of animal models. Drawing upon published data, I review species' neurogenesis rates across the lifespan and propose that accelerated neurodevelopmental timing is c...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Snyder JS

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1983 Libet et al. demonstrated that brain activity associated with a voluntary act precedes conscious experience of the intention to act by several hundred milliseconds. The implication that it is the brain, rather than 'free will', that initiates voluntary acts has been discussed ever since by philosophers and law...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Frith CD,Haggard P

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients suffering from severe depression often show an increased activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system, a premature escape from the cortisol suppressant action of dexamethasone, and a number of other neuroendocrine changes. This might be explained by defective glucocorticoid feedback inhi...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Barden N,Reul JM,Holsboer F

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular Ca2+ initiates physiological events as diverse as gene transcription, muscle contraction, cell division and exocytosis. Predictably, the metabolic machinery that elicits and responds to changes in intracellular Ca2+ is correspondingly heterogeneous. This review focuses on one element of this complex web ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Dunlap K,Luebke JI,Turner TJ

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Purinergic receptors, represented by several families, are arguably the most abundant receptors in living organisms and appeared early in evolution. After slow acceptance, purinergic signalling in both peripheral and central nervous systems is a rapidly expanding field. Here, we emphasize purinergic co-transmission, m...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Abbracchio MP,Burnstock G,Verkhratsky A,Zimmermann H

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Progress in molecular genetics has enabled the dissection of several autosomal dominantly inherited forms of cerebrovascular disorders. Mutations in diverse genes might induce pathological changes in intracranial vessels, resulting in cerebral haemorrhages and ischaemic strokes. Such pathologies, however, might also r...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Kalaria RN

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Axon interruption elicits a complex neuronal response that leaves neurons poised precariously between death and regeneration. The signals underlying this dichotomy are not fully understood. The transcription factor c-Jun is one of the earliest and most consistent markers for neurons that respond to nerve-fiber transec...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Herdegen T,Skene P,Bähr M

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exocytosis in neurones and neuroendocrine cells is triggered by an increase in the cytosolic concentration of Ca2+, and is followed by endocytotic membrane retrieval. Electrophysiological studies have characterized the nature of the Ca2+ signal that is required for exocytosis, and have defined the Ca(2+)-dependent ste...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Burgoyne RD,Morgan A

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resolvins, including D and E series resolvins, are endogenous lipid mediators generated during the resolution phase of acute inflammation from the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Resolvins have potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution actions in severa...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ji RR,Xu ZZ,Strichartz G,Serhan CN

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00