A change in the conformation of prions accompanies the emergence of a new prion strain.

abstract：:Sensory experience plays an instructive role in the development of the nervous system. Here we showed that visual experience can induce persistent modification of developing retinotectal circuits via spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP). Pairing light stimuli with spiking of the tectal cell induced persistent enha...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Mu Y,Poo MM

更新日期：2006-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heritable, common neurodevelopmental disorder with diverse genetic causes. Several studies have implicated protein synthesis as one among several of its potential convergent mechanisms. We originally identified Janus kinase and microtubule-interacting protein 1 (JAKMIP1) as differen...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Berg JM,Lee C,Chen L,Galvan L,Cepeda C,Chen JY,Peñagarikano O,Stein JL,Li A,Oguro-Ando A,Miller JA,Vashisht AA,Starks ME,Kite EP,Tam E,Gdalyahu A,Al-Sharif NB,Burkett ZD,White SA,Fears SC,Levine MS,Wohlschlegel

更新日期：2015-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of Neuron, Gantz and Bean (2017) show that the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) can directly alter the properties of native ion-channel Kv4.3 and accelerate the pacemaker activity of rodent dopamine neurons. These findings are one of the first demonstrations of postsynaptic, cell-autonomous...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Matsui A,Alvarez VA

更新日期：2017-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in mediating the flight-or-fight response was recognized decades ago, the crucial role of peripheral innervation in regulating cell behavior and response to the microenvironment has only recently emerged. In the hematopoietic system, the ANS regulates stem ce...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Hanoun M,Maryanovich M,Arnal-Estapé A,Frenette PS

更新日期：2015-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent neurophysiological studies reveal that neurons in certain brain structures carry specific signals about past and future rewards. Dopamine neurons display a short-latency, phasic reward signal indicating the difference between actual and predicted rewards. The signal is useful for enhancing neuronal processing a...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Schultz W

更新日期：2002-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:As different classes of sensory neurons project into the CNS, their axons segregate and establish distinct trajectories and target zones. One striking instance of axonal segregation is the projection of sensory neurons into the spinal cord, where proprioceptive axons avoid the superficial dorsal horn-the target zone o...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Yoshida Y,Han B,Mendelsohn M,Jessell TM

更新日期：2006-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A critical feature of neural networks is that they balance excitation and inhibition to prevent pathological dysfunction. How this is achieved is largely unknown, although deficits in the balance contribute to many neurological disorders. We show here that a microRNA (miR-101) is a key orchestrator of this essential f...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Lippi G,Fernandes CC,Ewell LA,John D,Romoli B,Curia G,Taylor SR,Frady EP,Jensen AB,Liu JC,Chaabane MM,Belal C,Nathanson JL,Zoli M,Leutgeb JK,Biagini G,Yeo GW,Berg DK

更新日期：2016-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In neurons, posttranslational modification by palmitate regulates the trafficking and function of signaling molecules, neurotransmitter receptors, and associated synaptic scaffolding proteins. However, the enzymatic machinery involved in protein palmitoylation has remained elusive. Here, using biochemical assays, we s...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Huang K,Yanai A,Kang R,Arstikaitis P,Singaraja RR,Metzler M,Mullard A,Haigh B,Gauthier-Campbell C,Gutekunst CA,Hayden MR,El-Husseini A

更新日期：2004-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent reports have overturned a series of dogmas that have been well entrenched in the neuroscience literature concerning NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs). The new data show that NMDARs exist on the myelin sheath formed by oligodendrocytes, that an uncompetitive NMDAR antagonist has successfully passed human cl...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Lipton SA

更新日期：2006-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Uptake and transneuronal passage of wild-type and attenuated strains of a swine alpha-herpesvirus (pseudorabies [PRV]) were examined in rat visual projections. Both strains of virus infected subpopulations of retinal ganglion cells and passed transneuronally to infect retino-recipient neurons in the forebrain. However...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Card JP,Whealy ME,Robbins AK,Moore RY,Enquist LW

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling classically involves the secretion of diverse molecules that bind specific cell-surface receptors and engage intracellular transduction cascades. Some exceptions-namely, lipophilic agents-can cross plasma membranes to bind intracellular receptors and be carried to the nucleus to regulate transcription. Homeo...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Prochiantz A,Di Nardo AA

更新日期：2015-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium-activated potassium channels were expressed in Xenopus oocytes by injection of RNA transcribed in vitro from complementary DNAs derived from the slo locus of Drosophila melanogaster. Many cDNAs were found that encode closely related proteins of about 1200 aa. The predicted sequences of these proteins differ by...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Adelman JP,Shen KZ,Kavanaugh MP,Warren RA,Wu YN,Lagrutta A,Bond CT,North RA

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Distinct brain regions, reproducible from one person to the next, are specialized for processing different kinds of human expertise, such as face recognition and reading. Here, we explore the relationship between age of learning, learning ability, and specialized brain structures. Specifically, we ask whether the exis...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Srihasam K,Mandeville JB,Morocz IA,Sullivan KJ,Livingstone MS

更新日期：2012-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Spontaneous fluctuations in cortical excitability influence sensory processing and behavior. These fluctuations, long thought to reflect global changes in cortical state, were recently found to be modulated locally within a retinotopic map during spatially selective attention. We report that periods of vigorous (On) a...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： van Kempen J,Gieselmann MA,Boyd M,Steinmetz NA,Moore T,Engel TA,Thiele A

更新日期：2020-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms generating precise connections between specific thalamic nuclei and cortical areas remain poorly understood. Using axon tracing analysis of ephrin/Eph mutant mice, we provide in vivo evidence that Eph receptors in the thalamus and ephrins in the cortex control intra-areal topographic mapping of thalamoc...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Dufour A,Seibt J,Passante L,Depaepe V,Ciossek T,Frisén J,Kullander K,Flanagan JG,Polleux F,Vanderhaeghen P

更新日期：2003-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Painful mechanical stimuli activate multiple peripheral sensory afferent subtypes simultaneously, including nociceptors and low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs). Using an optogenetic approach, we demonstrate that LTMRs do not solely serve as touch receptors but also play an important role in acute pain signaling. We...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Arcourt A,Gorham L,Dhandapani R,Prato V,Taberner FJ,Wende H,Gangadharan V,Birchmeier C,Heppenstall PA,Lechner SG

更新日期：2017-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The auditory cortex encodes information about sounds through the combined activity of large numbers of neurons, but the way this population activity is organized has not been clear. In this issue of Neuron, Bathellier et al. (2012) show that firing in the superficial layers of auditory cortex is organized into a small...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Harris KD

更新日期：2012-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Conditioned place preference (CPP) is a widely used model of addiction-related behavior whose underlying mechanisms are not understood. In this study, we used dual site silicon probe recordings in freely moving mice to examine interactions between the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens in cocaine CPP. We found that CPP...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Sjulson L,Peyrache A,Cumpelik A,Cassataro D,Buzsáki G

更新日期：2018-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The synaptic vesicle protein synaptotagmin I binds Ca2+ and is required for efficient neurotransmitter release. Here, we measure the response time of the C2 domains of synaptotagmin to determine whether synaptotagmin is fast enough to function as a Ca2+ sensor for rapid exocytosis. We report that synaptotagmin is "tun...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Davis AF,Bai J,Fasshauer D,Wolowick MJ,Lewis JL,Chapman ER

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been a surge of interest in how inhibitory neurons influence the output of local circuits in the brain. In this issue of Neuron, Scholl et al. (2015) provide a compelling argument for what one class of inhibitory neurons actually does. ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Trachtenberg JT

更新日期：2015-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Cigarette smokers tend to drink more alcohol than their nonsmoking peers. In this issue of Neuron, Doyon et al. (2013) found that nicotine-induced increases in stress hormones can augment ethanol self-administration in rats, suggesting that a drug interaction may contribute to this phenomenon. ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Britt JP,Bonci A

更新日期：2013-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The cerebellum is well appreciated to impart speed, smoothness, and precision to skilled movements such as reaching. How these functions are executed by the final output stage of the cerebellum, the cerebellar nuclei, remains unknown. Here, we identify a causal relationship between cerebellar output and mouse reach ki...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Becker MI,Person AL

更新日期：2019-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural ensembles oscillate across a broad range of frequencies and are transiently coupled or "bound" together when people attend to a stimulus, perceive, think, and act. This is a dynamic, self-assembling process, with parts of the brain engaging and disengaging in time. But how is it done? The theory of Coordination...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Tognoli E,Kelso JA

更新日期：2014-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental evidence shows that the inability to attribute mental states, such as desires and beliefs, to self and others (mentalizing) explains the social and communication impairments of individuals with autism. Brain imaging studies in normal volunteers highlight a circumscribed network that is active during menta...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Frith U

更新日期：2001-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Nearly 25 years ago, the shared interests of psychologists and biologists in understanding the neural basis of social behavior led to the inception of social neuroscience. In the past decade, this field has exploded, in large part due to the infusion of studies that use fMRI. At the same time, tensions have arisen abo...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Stanley DA,Adolphs R

更新日期：2013-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Voltage-gated ion channels generate electrical signals in species from bacteria to man. Their voltage-sensing modules are responsible for initiation of action potentials and graded membrane potential changes in response to synaptic input and other physiological stimuli. Extensive structure-function studies, structure ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Catterall WA

更新日期：2010-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic structure critically determines the electrical properties of neurons and, thereby, defines the fundamental process of input-to-output conversion. The diversity of dendritic architectures enables neurons to fulfill their specialized circuit functions during cognitive processes. It is known that this dendritic...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Šišková Z,Justus D,Kaneko H,Friedrichs D,Henneberg N,Beutel T,Pitsch J,Schoch S,Becker A,von der Kammer H,Remy S

更新日期：2014-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary visual cortex has a map of multiple visual parameters whose topographic relations remain poorly understood. A new study (Nauhaus et al., 2016) reveals a nearly geometric map-topography that coexists within a remarkably precise representation of visual space. ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Alonso JM

更新日期：2016-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroimaging studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have revealed regions of cerebral white matter with decreased microstructural organization (lowerfractional anisotropy or FA) among poor readers. We examined whether 100 hr of intensive remedial instruction affected the white matter of 8- to 10-year-old poor re...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Keller TA,Just MA

更新日期：2009-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Epitranscriptomic modification of mRNA affects its metabolism and has recently been shown to regulate brain development. Two studies in this issue of Neuron, Koranda et al. (2018) and Engel et al. (2018), uncover dynamic and critical roles of m6A/m RNA modifications in the adult mammalian brain in regulating physiolog...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Yoon KJ,Ming GL,Song H

更新日期：2018-07-25 00:00:00