Abstract:
:Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulates the formation of osteoclast-like tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells (TRAP + MNC) in vitro. This effect likely results from stimulation of adenylyl cyclase, which is mediated by two PGE2 receptors, designated EP2 and EP4. We used cells from mice in which the EP2 receptor had been disrupted to test its role in the formation of TRAP + MNC. EP2 heterozygous (+/-) mice in a C57BL/6 x 129/SvEv background were bred to produce homozygous null (EP2 -/-) and wild-type (EP2 +/+) mice. PGE2, PTH, or 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D increased TRAP+ MNC in 7-day cultures of bone marrow cells from EP2 +/+ mice. In cultures from EP2 -/- animals, responses to PGE2, PTH, and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D were reduced by 86%, 58%, and 50%, respectively. A selective EP4 receptor antagonist (EP4RA) further inhibited TRAP+ MNC formation in both EP2 +/+ and EP2 -/- cultures. In cocultures of spleen and calvarial osteoblastic cells, the response to PGE2 or PTH was reduced by 92% or 85% when both osteoblastic cells and spleen cells were from EP2 -/- mice, by 88% or 68% when only osteoblastic cells were from EP2 -/- mice and by 58% or 35% when only spleen cells were from EP2 -/- mice. PGE2 increased receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB ligand (RANKL) messenger RNA expression in osteoblastic and bone marrow cell cultures from EP2 +/+ mice 2-fold but had little effect on cells from EP2 -/- mice. Spleen cells cultured with RANKL and macrophage colony stimulating factor produced TRAP+ MNC. PGE2 increased the number of TRAP+ MNC in spleen cell cultures from EP2 +/+ mice but not in cultures from EP2 -/- mice. EP4RA had no effect on the PGE2 response in spleen cell cultures. PGE2 decreased the expression of messenger RNA for granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor in spleen cell cultures from EP2 +/+ mice but had little effect on cells from EP2 -/- mice. These data demonstrate that the prostaglandin EP2 receptor plays a role in the formation of osteoclast-like cells in vitro. A major defect in EP2 -/- mice appears to be in the capacity of osteoblastic cells to stimulate osteoclast formation. In addition, there appears to be a defect in the response of cells of the osteoclastic lineage to PGE2 in EP2 -/- mice.
journal_name
Endocrinologyjournal_title
Endocrinologyauthors
Li X,Okada Y,Pilbeam CC,Lorenzo JA,Kennedy CR,Breyer RM,Raisz LGdoi
10.1210/endo.141.6.7518subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-06-01 00:00:00pages
2054-61issue
6eissn
0013-7227issn
1945-7170journal_volume
141pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ENDOCRINOLOGY文献大全abstract::Selective inhibitors of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) are widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and act primarily to lower blood glucose by preventing glucose reabsorption in the kidney. However, it is controversial whether these agents also act on the pancreatic islet, specifically the α cell, to ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaa080
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::GnRH neurons are the central regulators of fertility, and their activity is modulated by steroid feedback. In women with hyperandrogenemic infertility and in animal models of these disorders, elevated androgen levels interfere with progesterone (P) negative feedback. Our previous work showed that steroids altered the ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2005-1029
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Groups of female ferrets born in the laboratory received sc Silastic capsules containing testosterone (T), 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 17 beta-estradiol (E), or no steroid for 15 days beginning on the day of birth; an additional group of male ferrets received empty sc capsules neonatally. All ferrets were gonad...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-111-3-773
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to evaluate the relative contribution of endogenous excitatory amino acids to the control of the estradiol-induced LH surge using specific blockers for N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptor types. Adult female rats ovariectomized for 2-3 weeks were implanted with third ve...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-126-3-1771
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A clonal cell line (44-2C) which synthesizes and secretes somatostatin, neurotensin, calcitonin (CT), and CT gene-related peptide and transiently expresses c-fos was used to characterize the mechanism of action of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). bFGF had two modes of action: 1) short term incubation of 44-2C ce...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-122-3-1121
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concentration of testosterone (T) and 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in plasma, seminal fluid, and epididymis of male Wistar rats have been determined by radioimmunoassay. The DHT/T ratio rose from 0.1 in blood to 1 in testicular fluid and 4 in epididymal fluid. This ratio is 2 in tissues of "caput" epididymis a...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-98-1-111
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Incubation of human placenta membranes with low concentrations (0.1-0.2 mM) of dithiothreitol (DTT) increased insulin binding approximately 1.4-fold, while 10 mM DTT completely inhibited insulin binding. In contrast, treatment of rat adipocyte membranes with 0.5-2.0 mM DTT increased tracer insulin binding 3- to 6-fold...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-122-3-967
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the hypothesis that chronic maternal GH administration would increase fetal substrate supply, increase maternal and fetal insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations, and therefore enhance growth in the late gestation fetal sheep. Eleven ewes received bovine GH 0.1 mg/kg twice daily for 10 days, wher...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.138.12.5584
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::17 beta-Estradiol (E2; 100 micrograms/kg X day) was infused iv for 6 days into three chronically catheterized ovine fetuses beginning at 105-106 days of gestation (term, 147 days) and into four younger fetuses for 3 days commencing at 87-92 days. Control studies were performed on three fetuses at each age. At 90 days,...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-112-5-1618
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms whereby tissue sensitivity to PRL is controlled are not well understood. Here we report that expression of mRNA and protein for members of the SOCS/CIS/JAB family of cytokine signaling inhibitors is increased by PRL administration in ovary and adrenal gland of the lactating rat deprived of circulating P...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.11.8466
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bilateral destruction of the hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei (PVN) produced a profound depression of plasma TSH and the median eminence TRH concentration in hypothyroid rats. Anterior pituitary type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase (5'-D) activity was consistently lower but not significantly different in sham- and P...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-123-3-1676
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Explants from nonmenstrual endometria cultured in the absence of ovarian hormones undergo tissue breakdown. Addition of estradiol and progesterone (EP) prevents proteolysis. Explants include stromal and epithelial compartments which play different but complementary roles in endometrial physiology, including tissue rem...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2009-1398
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiestrogens such as tamoxifen are the mainstay of treatment for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. However, their effectiveness is limited by the development of endocrine resistance, allowing tumor regrowth and progression. Importantly, in vitro MCF7 cell models of acquired tamoxifen resistance (TamR cells) d...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2008-0351
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A single injection of either natural (cortisol, corticosterone) or synthetic [dexamethasone (DEX), triamcinolone acetonide] glucocorticosteroids to estradiol-primed, withdrawn chicks, resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the relative rates of ovalbumin and conalbumin synthesis. The simultaneous injection of equal ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-116-6-2384
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activin A is a gonadal protein originally isolated from follicular fluid and is recognized as a local regulator of granulosa cell differentiation. Whether activin A promotes folliculogenesis, however, still remains unclarified. The present study was designed to elucidate the effect of activin A on follicular growth in...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.138.11.5526
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of internalization and degradation of radioiodinated hCG and ovine LH (oLH) as well as homologous and heterologous recombinants of their subunits was studied in suspensions of ovine luteal cells. Hormone bound to the plasma membrane was quantified by treating the cells with acidic buffer (pH 3.0) and quantifi...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-113-1-265
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dipeptyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors modulate the progression of atherosclerosis. To gain insights into their mechanism of action, 9-wk-old male apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mice were fed a DPP-4 inhibitor, anagliptin-containing diet. The effects of anagliptin were investigated in, a monocyte cell line, human ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1855
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute leptin increase as well as endogenous hyperleptinemia evoked by high-fat diets (HF) activate fatty acid metabolism in nonadipose tissues. This supports the notion that hyperleptinemia is pivotal to prevent/delay steatosis during periods of positive energy balance. We have previously shown that long-term HF spare...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2009-1170
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of bombesin on rat pancreatic digestive enzyme gene expression using cloned complementary DNA probes for amylase, trypsinogen I, chymotrypsinogen B, and lysophospholipase. Rats were injected sc three times daily with 5 nmol/kg body wt bombesin. Pancreata were investigated after 6, 12, 24, 48, a...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.130.3.1371450
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have recently identified, characterized, and cloned a luteal microsomal 32-kDa phosphoprotein that we named PRAP (for PRL-receptor associated protein), and we have demonstrated that PRAP binds to the intracellular domain of the short but not the long form of the PRL receptor. In this study, we used PRAP cDNA to exa...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.138.8.5336
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have cloned a type of cDNA for a functional glandular kallikrein, designated as mouse Klk21 (mKlk21), from the adult mouse testis cDNA library. mKlk21 was expressed in the kidney, submaxillary glands, and testis of the mouse. In the testis, mKlk21 mRNA was detectable at 4 wk of postnatal development and became more...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.11.8505
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis of androgens by theca-interstitial cells is stimulated by LH and the insulin/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) system. An essential element of the steroidogenesis is the uptake of plasma cholesterol and transformation to steroid hormones. In the rat, the uptake of cholesterol by the theca-interstitial...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.1.7865
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sex differences in liver gene expression are determined by pituitary growth hormone secretion patterns, which regulate sex-dependent liver transcription factors and establish sex-specific chromatin states. Hypophysectomy (hypox) identifies two major classes of liver sex-biased genes, defined by their sex-dependent pos...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2018-00949
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primate brain was thought to contain only the GnRH known as mammalian GnRH (mGnRH). This study investigates whether a second form of GnRH exists within the primate brain. We found that brain extracts from adult stumptail and rhesus monkeys contained two forms of GnRH that were similar to mGnRH and chicken GnRH-II ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.138.12.5592
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of peripheral glucagon like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) stimulation on feeding, gastric emptying, and energetic responses involve vagal transmission and central nervous system processing. Despite a lack of studies aimed at determining which central nervous system regions are critical for the GLP-1R respons...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2007-1743
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isolated renal cortical slices were used to study the conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24,25](OH2)D3] by the rat kidney. Production of 1,25-(OH)2D3 and 24,25-(OH)2D3 was linear with time (30-90 min) and tissue weight (40-250 mg). Production of...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-109-1-218
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin II (Ang II) is one of numerous hormones recently shown to be synthesized and secreted by adipose cells. Although the function of Ang II in adipose tissue is unknown, several studies indirectly suggest that it may be involved in control of adiposity. Little is known, however, about direct actions of Ang II ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.138.4.5038
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocrine regulation of uterine biology is critical for embryo receptivity and human reproduction. Uterine endometrium depends on extrinsic sex steroid input and hence likely has mechanisms that enable adaptation to hormonal variation. Emerging evidence suggests that sex steroid bioavailability in the endometrium is d...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2014-1139
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the physiological regulation and functional significance of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the endocrine melanotrope cells of the pituitary pars intermedia of the amphibian Xenopus laevis, which can adapt its skin color to the light intensity of its environment. In black-adapted anima...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.143.4.8721
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently reported that aluminum administration to beagles stimulates uncoupled bone formation in the marrow cavity which increases trabecular bone volume and generates new osseous networks within the axial skeleton. To investigate whether this osteogenic process results from direct stimulation of bone cell replicat...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-128-6-3144
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00